I saw a flower in the grass early in the morning. I walked up and took a closer look, but the "flower" suddenly flew away. It turned out to be a butterfly. My mind suddenly became active, and I thought of "flying flowers", of caterpillars turning into butterflies, breaking out of cocoons and being reborn, and of Zhuang Zhou's dream of butterflies and the butterfly effect.
1. Zhuang Zhou dreamed of a butterfly
In the past, Zhuang Zhou dreamed of a butterfly, a lifelike butterfly. Self-explanation is suitable for ambition and! I don’t know Zhou Ye. Suddenly I feel like I'm in a state of confusion. I wonder if Zhou Zhimeng is Hu Die? Hu Die's dream is Zhou Yu? Zhou and Hu Die must be different. This is called materialization. ("Zhuangzi: Equality of Things")
The allusion of Zhuangzi's dream of butterflies has become an inexhaustible treasure trove of material for thinking and creation for later generations of philosophers, artists and poets, and has produced countless beautiful poems and essays. This chapter has entrusted the profound and rich thoughts and emotions of countless people.
Xiao Gang, Emperor Wen of the Liang Dynasty, first used the allusion of Zhuang Zhou’s dream of a butterfly in the poem "Six Poems in the Sky: Like a Dream": "It is difficult to distinguish between the secret and the good, and the dreams become imaginary. It has not been verified that Zhou is a butterfly. , Knowing how to be a fish."
Li Bai wrote in "Fifty-Nine Poems of Ancient Style": "Zhuang Zhou dreamed of butterflies, and the butterfly was Zhuang Zhou. Zuoqingqianliu. The melon grower in Qingmen was like the Marquis of Dongling in the old days. What could Yingying want? Middle: "It's hard to tell when a deer doubts Zheng or Prime Minister, but it's hard to tell when a butterfly transforms into Zhuangzhuang. If it's not a dream now, how long will it last longer than the dream." ("Two Suspicious Dreams")
Song Dynasty Mei Yaochen said this There are also deep feelings: "I dream of butterflies on my pillow, and I will gain fame and fortune after sleeping. There are endless things about today and Ming Dynasty, and limited people born and dead."
The poet Lu You warned people in his later years: "Shiyan Huangdi In the Huaxu Realm, who can travel again through the ages, but it is not necessary to be rich and noble to be a butterfly?" ("Sleeping Works")
Yu Delin's "I know it is a butterfly in a dream, but it is still a dream. Zhuangzi" ("Neighbors"), Liu Chenweng's "When will the flowers bloom and make two butterflies" ("Praise to the Portrait of Zhuangzi") and Fang Feng's "Zhuang Sheng Dreams of Butterflies": "I have always dreamed and felt empty, opening my eyes is like closing my eyes. Same. The butterfly is Zhuang Zhou and Zhou is the butterfly. Hundreds of flowers have no words to curse the spring breeze."
Lu Zhi’s [Double Tune·Huan in front of the Palace] "Zhuang Zhou Hua Butterfly": "The wine is new, a gourd is drunk in Haitangzhou in the spring, the fragrance of a gourd is revealed before drinking, looking down at Caoqiu, proud of the world Wanhuhou. After heavy sleep, all the dreams are false. Zhuangzhou turns into a butterfly, and the butterfly turns into a Zhuangzhou. "
Zeng Rui's "Die Meng Sou" in [Zhonglu·Shanshan Sheep] says: "False fame is gone." , Stop frowning, and you will never encounter opportunities in your life. Who do you worry about when you are in prison? It is hard to achieve fame with half a piece of paper, and you are like a butterfly dreaming of the old man in the lacquer garden. "
"The Classic of Classics" written by Li Zhong, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. "Sense" wrote: "The names of butterflies in the lacquer garden are empty, and the pillars of history are like dragons that have gone away and never come back. The Danjing spring is closed with dry moss, and the altar is broken and cranes are rare. When I look back, I sigh and create trouble, and the time flies like a dream. Flying. "How many years have passed since the story of the butterfly in the lacquer garden, and the ancient view of the past has now become dry and broken, life is like an illusion, and light arrows are like flying.
Su Shi climbed up to the Qinghuai Tower and looked into the distance. Facing the Huai River in the distance, he also lamented that "the dead are like a man": "Guanyu Huizi disappeared in Taiwu, and Dream Butterfly Zhuang gave birth to a tomb." In the autumn, only the Qinghuai River flows back to the city every year." ("Inscribed on the Qinghuai Tower") Things have changed, and the autumn grass on Zhuang Sheng's tomb, which turned into a butterfly in his dream, has withered now. Love, to whom can the desolation in the poet's heart be expressed.
Liu Ying of the Ming Dynasty also expressed this feeling when she paid homage to Zhuangzi in front of Zhuangzi's stage: "Every time I fall in love with the old family of Nanhua, my life's thoughts are with the sky. Back then, the pavilion was left in the wasteland. Today, I know the clothes and hats." The ancient hill. The Dream Butterfly Terrace has changed with the times, and the fish-watching people have spent their time in glory." ("Zhuang Terrace Reminiscing about the Ancients")
The poet Han Yuanji said more concisely and clearly: "Time makes people grow old easily. , Only the dream of a butterfly is a week" ("Five Poems on Sickness")
2. Butterfly Effect
A butterfly in the tropical rainforest of the Amazon River Basin in South America, occasionally. A few flapping of wings can cause a tornado in Texas, USA, two weeks later. This is called the "butterfly effect".
The reason is that the movement of the butterfly's wings causes changes in the air system around it and generates weak airflow. The generation of weak airflow will cause corresponding changes in the surrounding air or other systems, which will cause a chain reaction and eventually lead to great changes in other systems.
The financial crisis that occurred in Asia in 1998 and the stock market storm that occurred in the United States are actually the "butterfly effect" in economic operations.
The "El Ni?o" phenomenon that occurred in the Pacific in 1998 was the "butterfly effect" in atmospheric movement.
The "butterfly effect" is a manifestation of chaotic motion. When we further examine life phenomena, they are neither completely cyclical nor purely random. They are "frequency-locked" to natural cyclical processes (seasons, day and night, etc.), while maintaining their inherent "autonomous" nature.
The "butterfly effect" is a concept in chaos theory. It refers to a dependent phenomenon on sensitivity to initial conditions: small differences at the input quickly amplify into overwhelming differences at the output.
If a small drop of water rolls down a snowy slope, it will slowly form a snowball, and finally the snowball will grow bigger and bigger.
Lorentz entered two initial conditions that differed by only 0.0001 into a mathematical equation, and the two calculated curves soon parted ways and were very different.
3. The application of the "Butterfly Effect" in psychology
The butterfly effect refers to a seemingly unrelated and very small thing that may bring about huge changes. .
The results of the development of things are extremely sensitive to initial conditions. A very small deviation in the initial conditions will cause a huge difference in the results.
When a person receives a slight psychological stimulus as a child, this stimulus will be amplified when he grows up. This is wonderfully explained in the movie "The Butterfly Effect".
4. Application of "Butterfly Effect" in the field of language
As an important concept in chaos theory (referred to as "chaos theory"), the butterfly effect has a wide range of applications in the field of language research. application.
The academic community uses the butterfly effect to explain and study the phenomenon of chaotic language. For example, "People's Daily" published a headline on November 10, 2010 titled "Jiangsu Makes a Strong Cultural Province" Due to its authoritativeness and appeal, the word "Gai Li", which has been limited to Internet use, became popular in China overnight, spread into the national vocabulary system, and was included in the sixth edition of "Modern Chinese Dictionary".
In the 1980s, academic circles began to use chaos theory and its butterfly effect to study language issues.
At the "New Methods and New Horizons in Language Research" seminar held in Berkeley, USA, in 1991, Chinese mathematician and linguist Professor Zhou Haizhong suggested the creation of "linguistic chaos theory."
He pointed out that linguistic chaos theory mainly examines language and related phenomena from the perspective of chaos theory, and uses chaos theory methods to solve nonlinear problems of language and related phenomena; in order to promote the development of chaos language research, It is necessary to establish a new language research paradigm. As it stands now, this new paradigm of language research is emerging.
5. The "Butterfly Effect" in ancient classics
"Lu Shi Chun Qiu Cha Wei":
The border town of Chu is called Beiliang, and its virgin He and the virgins of the border towns of Wu were mulberry in the environment, and the virgins of humble Liang were hurt by the play.
The Beiliang people used their wounded son to let the Wu people go. The Wu people were disrespectful and angry, so they killed him and left.
The Wu people went to retaliate and slaughtered all their families. Duke Beiliang was angry and said: "How dare the Wu people attack my city?" He raised his troops to counterattack, killing all the old and weak.
The king of Wu and the barbarians heard this and were angry. He sent troops to invade the border towns of Chu, defeat the barbarians and then go away. Wu and Chu prospered with this.
Wu Gongzi Guang led his troops to fight against the Chu people in Jifu, and defeated the Chu people. He won his commanders Pan Zichen, Xiao Lanzi and Chen Xiajie. He also attacked Ying and captured King Jingping's wife, which was actually the battle of Jifu.
When it comes to holding a country, the supreme master knows the beginning, the second best knows the end, and the next best knows the middle. If you fail to do these three things, your country will be in danger and your body will be poor.
"The Classic of Filial Piety" says: "If it is high but not dangerous, it will keep you noble forever; if it is full but not overflowing, it will keep wealth forever. If wealth and honor never leave your body, you will be able to protect your country and be harmonious with others." People. "Chu can't do it.
Translation:
There is a border town in the state of Chu called Beiliang. The girls there and the girls in the border towns in the state of Wu are picking mulberry leaves on the border. During the game, Wu The girl from the country injured the girl from Beiliang.
The people from Beiliang took the injured girl to blame the people of Wu. The Wu people were disrespectful, and the Beiliang people were very angry, so they killed the Wu people and left.
The people of Wu State went to Beiliang to take revenge and killed the whole family of the Beiliang man. The official who defended the city in Beiliang was furious and said, "How dare the Wu people attack my city?" So he sent troops to fight back against the Wu people, killing all the Wu people, old and young.
King Wu Yi Mei was very angry after hearing this. He sent troops to invade the border towns of Chu State and captured Yi Mei before leaving.
As a result, Wu and Chu had a large-scale conflict. Wu Guogong's son Guang led the army to fight the Chu people in Jifu, defeated the Chu army, and captured the Chu army's commander Pan Zichen, Xiao Liangzi, and Chen Guo's doctor Xia Jie.
He then attacked Yingdu and returned with the wife of King Ping of Chu. This is the battle of chicken fathers.
When presiding over state affairs, the first thing is to understand the situation at the beginning, the second thing is to foresee the end of the thing, and the third thing is to know how the thing develops. If we fail to do these three things, the country will be in danger and we will be in embarrassment.
"The Classic of Filial Piety" says: "If you are high but not in danger, you will be able to maintain your dignity for a long time; if you are full but not overflowing, you will be able to maintain your wealth for a long time. If you keep wealth and honor from yourself, then you can keep your country. And pacify his people." But Chu could not do this.
6. "Butterfly Seed" by Lin Qingxuan
I was in the yard, observing how a pupa turned into a butterfly.
The pupa bit through the shell and emerged from the shell all wet and limp. Its wings were curled and shriveled into a ball. It stood on a branch to rest and bask in the sun, as if it had been used up after emerging from the shell. It took a lot of effort.
Slowly, slowly, it straightened its wings and flew.
It lingered in the air for a while, and quickly found a flower. It stopped on the flower, sucking the nectar with concentration and forgetfulness.
I was very surprised. This butterfly has never been taught how to fly, never learned how to suck nectar, and no parents have taught it. These are its first time, its first time. How precise and perfect it was done in one go!
I thought that this butterfly would mate, reproduce, lay eggs, and die in the future, all of which would not need to be studied and educated.
Then, its descendants, generation after generation, will fly and pick flowers without education or learning.
What does a butterfly rely on to arrange its life? Without education and learning, how could it accomplish something as complex as flying or gathering honey?
Aren’t there many things in this world that are perfect without education and learning? How perfect the bird builds its nest and the spider builds its web! When a peacock wants to fall in love, it opens its tail and dances! The skylark sings heartily when it feels love; the swan and the squid never get lost even after thousands of miles; the cheetah and the ostrich are born to be masters of running.
These all make me believe that reincarnation is real.
A butterfly is reincarnated into this world with the seeds of its previous life. In its seeds, there is an unshakable belief:
"I will fly! I will collect Honey! I will multiply my descendants!"
In that beautiful butterfly, I saw the infinity of space and the flow of time, and I was deeply moved.