Liang Zhu travels on the moon and cherishes people.
ten thousand
The moon curtain was only a few feet away, and the black magpie was shocked and white. Wan Li old friend closes the gate, who will make the plum flute in the south building?
Cricket deceives the sick light and lingers in the clear shadow. Why do you want to sleep? In the corner, the banana is rustling, and life hates covering the window.
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The title of this word is "Wandering on the Moon and Thinking of People". In fact, the topic only has no meaning in the upper part, and the lower part is a deeper layer, which is the feeling that the author gets from it.
Write the month in the first three sentences. The "sparse curtain" is where the poet lives. "Only a few feet" is not a real text, but it tells the bright moonlight. Because of this, people can still feel so close to the moon through the "sparse curtain". The phrase "The black magpie is startled to fly" was translated from Cao Cao's short song "The moon and stars are sparse, the black magpie flies south, and there is no branch to follow". On the surface, the bright moonlight was further written, so that the black magpie was surprised to fly when it suspected that the sky would break dawn. In fact, there is a feeling of "no branch to follow" hidden in it, which vaguely reveals the depression of travel situation. The moon is unintentional, bright as before, white and the viewer is interested, and love is born, so the poet prefix "sadness" before "white". People who are "sad" can be "sad" when they touch something, not to mention being on the road, but also knowing this month? At this time, I heard the flute next door, so I thought of the departure of my old friend. Four or five sentences write "pregnant", why people are pregnant is unknown, but poets think of him in the journey, in the moonlight and when they are lonely. It can be seen that this is not an ordinary friend, but someone who can communicate with him. The writing of "Wan Li" is far away from "old friend", and there is no smooth road between "Wan Li", so "old friend" is further away from "Guansai", so it is extremely difficult to meet him. "South Building" published "Biography of Jin Shu Yu Liang", which later refers to the place where the poet boarded Yaxing. For example, in Li Bai's poem, it is said that "the south tower is bright at night and the wind flows in Wuchang", which generally refers to neighbors. "Plum Blossom" in flute music means that plum blossoms fall or are introduced, and later generations use it as another name. The word "who did it" is a question on the surface, but in fact it also has the meaning of blame in surprise, because the moonlight everywhere has made the poet "sad" under the "sparse curtain", and suddenly someone blows a whimpering flute on the "South Building", which makes him more emotional. But it happened that the Na Di guests played Plum Blossom. This famous song dedicated to parting feelings made the poet miss Wan Li, an old friend who was separated from Guansai, and could not meet each other, but his ears were filled with other songs. I really don't know how sad it is to feel "pregnant" in the flute during this trip.
Halfway through the poem, it seems that it has written the meaning of "thinking about people on the moon" In the next three sentences, the poet turned to write the word "travel", further revealing the poverty and inner worries of his guests. The sound of "cricket" seems to be close to "light", which is the season of July written in the Book of Songs, that is, "August is in the house, September is in the house, and cricket is under my bed in October", indicating that autumn is very strong. The loneliness among the guests can be seen only by the solitary lamp, let alone being a "sick guest", let alone being bullied by crickets! As for how crickets "bully sick people", two or three sentences have already explained. The poet said that his "clear shadow" had to "wander" in front of the moonlight because their voices and songs made people sleepy. In fact, the behavior of "wandering" shows that the mood is chaotic, its "shadow" is very "clear", and it also shows that the pain of the poetic heart lies in the form, but it is so clear. These are the real reasons for "how sleepy". The poet doesn't know what to say, but he blames the cricket for "bullying the weak and fearing the hard", showing euphemistic style and deep sorrow. In the last two sentences, the poet blames "cricket" as "banana" and hates it for blocking the moonlight, making it "dark" and "sheng" as auxiliary words. Originally, "Jiaojiao" should be poetic and picturesque, and should be the object of attention of poets and painters. And swaying in the moonlight and autumn wind should make people feel a little pity. However, the poet has a word "hate". If he is not so famous, but he has such rich and delicate emotions and artistic temperament, it is almost doubtful that he is a generation who burns the piano and cooks cranes. All this seems difficult to understand, but in fact, when Tan Xian commented on this word in the Qing Dynasty, he only revealed the reason with the word "worry". As for the origin of "ancient", there is no need to delve into it. Anyway, the poet's worries and troubles have been fully revealed in his poems. "Shading the window is black" is just another way of saying that the ancients called "clouds cover the sun".
Generally speaking, the whole word is vivid, from the sad moonlight to the clear shadow of the sick, the faint flute sound and the rustling banana sound, which makes readers shine at the moment. Moreover, the purpose of the word "pregnant" is clear, but it is not diarrhea; Although Xia Kun's "worry" is a bit obscure, it is not elusive. Image and emotion are integrated, and the pen twists and turns without losing its obscurity, which can really be described as "graceful".
Ancient homesick poems (part two)
homesickness
Song Li Gou
People say that the place where the sun sets is the horizon. I try to look at the horizon, but I can't see my home.
Castle Peak is being influenced by Castle Peak, which covers my sight. Twilight, Castle Peak.
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It is natural for a wanderer to think of homesickness because of the scenery in front of him. Based on this life experience, there are many excellent poems in ancient poetry that express homesickness through one scene and one thing. "The foot of my bed is shining so brightly. Is it frosty already?" (Li Bai's "Silent Night Thinking") The bright moon triggered; "After a person returns to the wild goose, he thinks before spending the flowers" (Xue Daoheng's "People miss home every day") is to express his thoughts through spring flowers; "I don't know where to play the flute, but I miss my homesickness all night" (Li Yi's "Watching the Hometown Wall and Listening to the Flute at Night") is because of the endless homesickness prompted by the flute. These poems are related to me, and love words kiss each other. Some of them are sincere and some are affectionate. They are deeply loved by people and become masterpieces that have been passed down through the ages. Li Gou's Homesickness is a poem with strong homesickness caused by the sunset, but it does not only rely on the description of the sunset, but focuses on what you see, think and feel in the sunset, and expresses the homesickness to the extreme through step-by-step and layer-by-layer comparison.
Every sentence in "Homesickness" is about missing my hometown, but it is not rendered on the same plane with the same tone, but pushes my feelings to a climax with urgency and dignity layer by layer. Facing the sunset at the end of the world, the poet did not use one or two sentences to describe the hazy twilight at the end of the world. At the beginning of the sentence, he used "people's words" to express the feelings of a wanderer, and then used "looking at the pole" and "not seeing" to express the author's disappointment at the remoteness of his hometown, which added a layer of nostalgia to the wanderer's thinking. Three, four, two sentences push the homesickness from the blue mountains and dusk clouds to a higher level: it is hateful enough, how can you watch the layers of green mountains block the hometown road of Tianya, and add another hatred to the hatred-separation; What's more, these layers of green hills are covered by "dusk clouds" and "covered" by "separation". Why hate it? In just four sentences, one layer enters one after another, one layer is deep, expressing deep and dignified homesickness, which is tortuous and very strong.
This writing is unique in poetry. Li Shangyin's "But it's far from a magic mountain, and you are on the other side, beyond the peak" ("Untitled") is well known. Ouyang Xiu, a contemporary of Li Gou, also used this technique in "Walking on the Sand": "The height of the building is not close to the dangerous fence, and the spring mountains are everywhere, and pedestrians are even outside the spring mountains." It's hard to guess whether Li Gou was inspired by them, but the layers of feelings in Homesickness are inspired by specific scenery in specific environments such as sunset, Tianya, Bishan and Twilight, which is more natural and artistic than Li Yishan's comparison with Ouyang Yongshu's Walking Through.
Ancient homesick poems (3)
Thoughts on Traveling in Northern Hebei Province
Tang zhangji
Looking at my hometown every day, I sing in vain.
I remember when I left home because I gave it away.
When you are frustrated, you talk alone, and when you are sad, only you know.
Outside the guest pavilion, the willow turns south.
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"Poetry should avoid vulgarity and familiarity", which is one of the requirements put forward by the author of Introduction to Art for poetry creation. Poetry is vulgar, and such works are certainly not desirable; However, a well-known poem, due to its lack of originality, can neither provide readers with a new understanding nor a new aesthetic object worthy of pondering, which undoubtedly lacks the value of existence. Liu Xizai's requirements for "avoiding familiarity" are not low. It is not easy for a poet to meet this requirement, especially when writing the subject matter repeatedly recited by predecessors. As Yan Yu said: "The good poems of Tang people are mostly works of defense, exile, travel and parting." However, Zhang Ji avoided the word "cooked" after all. This is also the reason why Lu Si in the North of Hebei is often favored by poetry editors of different times without being submerged.
What's new in "Lu Si in Northern Hebei"? Reading through the whole poem, it is not difficult to find that the last two sentences of "willow branches outside the guest pavilion" are innovative.
It is a custom in the Tang Dynasty to "break willow branches and send people away for a long journey". Many poets in the Tang Dynasty wrote this detail into the chapter of farewell and homesickness. "Spring breeze knows that it doesn't suffer, and it doesn't send wicker green." (Li Bai: Grandma Pavilion) "Liu Yang Dongfeng Tree, Qingqing Jiayu River. It's hard to climb branches recently, so I should leave more. " (Wang Zhihuan: "Farewell") "I heard" Folding Willow "in this serenade, and no one can stand homesickness." (Li Bai: Smelling flute in Luoyang on a spring night), all of which are well-known famous sentences. Zhang Ji also wrote Broken Branches in Ji Bei Lu Si, but it is not the same as others. His angle and feelings are different from those of his predecessors. If we compare Cui Shu's Folding Willow with Yuan Chun's Sending Sisters to Luo Zhong, we can prove this point even more.
Yuan Chun's poem goes like this: "The old country has gone through years, and Wan Li has thought about it. Inscription depends on the wings of wild geese, looking at the moon and thinking of moths. Worry, sleep and dream for nothing. Who can hide tears from chaos and go to Nanzhi? " This poem by Yuan Chun is very similar to "Sending a message to the North". One of the similarities is that poets are far from home. Yuan Chun and his hometown are separated by Wan Li, and Zhang Ji is far from his hometown. Where is Zhang Ji's hometown? There are several versions of the calendar: one is from Hezhou (now Hexian County, Anhui Province), the other is from Suzhou (now Jiangsu Province), and the other is that he was born in Suzhou when he was younger than Hezhou. Judging from the first two sentences of this poem, his hometown should be in Wu: he "looks at his hometown" and sings Ci, and Song is just a dance of Wu. It is naturally a long way from Wudi to northern Hebei (now north of Tianjin). The second similarity of poets is that they can't go home. The reason why Yuan Chun "can't go back" has been stated in the poem: "Who can leave chaos" is in separation; Zhang Ji's poems were not written. Maybe he stayed in northern Hebei on business for some reason, but what is certain is that he stayed for a long time, which can be seen from the first sentence, the third sentence and the eighth sentence. Expressing homesickness through willows is the third similarity. Both Yuan Chun's poems and Zhang Ji's poems end with the last sentence, and both depict a moving image in this sentence. Yuan Chun's works, however, are the image of the poet himself: a female Taoist stroking the willow tree, hiding her face and crying, far away from her hometown; Zhang Ji's pen is a willow, a willow standing next to the Qing guest house; Although it is lush, its south branch has been broken. This damaged willow tree is not as good as "hiding tears and traveling south", but it has gained a special aesthetic feeling because of its damage-its branches are broken by homesick people. It is even more thought-provoking: folding branches should be to send friends, and sending friends to cause homesickness; Since the branches of Nanliu have been broken, how many tides have been set off by the homesickness of the poet who broke the branches? Even so, why can people be inferior? The poet's homesickness has overflowed his chest and permeated the guest house and the north.
Cui Shu wrote in "Broken Willow": "The scenery in February is half, and it is not returned on three sides. I cherish the years, and the willows climb for you. Flocculation is wrapped in the sleeve of the shirt, and the hanging strip is brushed. I can't hear the news, but I am watching the sun. " This is undoubtedly a first-person narrator's poem about seducing women. Poets also express their thoughts by folding willows. But this kind of emotional expression is relatively direct: it is caused by missing her husband and expressed by folding branches; Zhang Ji's homesickness in Liu Yang is more tortuous and profound, which is the preface. Of course, this kind of twists and turns, as far as the conclusion sentence is concerned, is deep. There are many sentences that express one's mind and feelings directly in Ji Bei Lu Si. But it is precisely because the first two sentences of the poem are quite straightforward that the willow image at the end contains extremely rich emotions, which adds implicit meaning to the whole poem.