The full text of his ancient poems is as follows:
In vain, I heard the legend that overseas Kyushu, the afterlife is unpredictable, and this life will not stop.
When they heard the guards guarding them, they fought swords at night, and there were no more chickens in the palace.
The Sixth Army has agreed that they will all be stationed in Malaysia. On the old Qixi Festival, we also laughed at the Weaver Girl.
How did I spend the fourth period? I was an emperor, but not a son-in-law. I was with Mochow at night.
Foreword:
Two Poems of Ma Wei are two epics of Li Shangyin, a poet in Tang Dynasty. One is a seven-character quatrain, and the other is a seven-character poem. Both of them take the stories of Li Longji (Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty) and Yang Yuhuan (Yang Guifei) as lyrical objects, and the poems imply the author's strong criticism of Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty.
Precautions:
1. Overseas disciples heard of Kyushu: This sentence means that Yang Guifei in Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow lived on an overseas fairy mountain after her death. Although she heard the news of the restoration of Kyushu in the Tang Dynasty, she was isolated from God and could never reunite with Xuanzong again. "Just heard", Kong Wen. I heard it out of thin air. "More" again, and. "Kyushu", the original note of this poem: "Zou: Besides Kyushu, there are Kyushu." During the Warring States Period, Zou Yan, a Qi native, created the theory of "Nine States", saying that China is famous for Chixian Shenzhou, and there are nine places as big as Chixian Shenzhou outside China.
2. Uncertainty: one is "to be determined".
3. Tiger Brigade: refers to the imperial army that followed Xuanzong into Shu. Chuan: One is "Ming". Chopin (photo): Also known as Jin Bang, who reported the night shift.
4. Chicken Man: the guardian of telling the time in the palace. In the Han dynasty, chickens were not allowed in the palace, and the guards waited outside Suzaku Gate to preach chickens and sing songs. Chip: timing equipment.
5. "Today" sentence: Describe Maweipo incident. Bai Juyi's "Song of Eternal Sorrow": "All the soldiers are motionless until the horseshoe steps on the moth eyebrow. "
6. Altair: Altair, namely Altair. This refers to the story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl.
7. Four periods: 48 years. In the twelfth year of Sui and Xing Dynasties, every day was a period, and Xuanzong reigned for forty-five years, which was probably four periods.
8. Mochow: An ancient Luoyang woman married a Lujia woman and lived happily after marriage. Xiao Yan's Song of the River: "The river flows eastward, and the daughter's name is Mochow. Mochow could weave beautiful flowers at the age of thirteen and pick mulberry heads at the age of fourteen. Fifteen married into the Lu family, sixteen born with Hou. Lu's room is a beam with turmeric and storax in it. "
Translation:
Legend has it that besides Kyushu, there is also Kyushu. I'm afraid their fate in this life has been exhausted, but the afterlife is still unknown. Who knows when to be together and when to be apart. Looking back at the temporary residence of Ming Chengzu in Mawei, I can only hear the golden sound in the air, but I can't see the hustle and bustle of the palace. In just a few weeks, things have changed and the stars have changed. Unexpectedly, Yan Yu became empty. The younger brother is not straight, and the three armed forces angrily behead the younger sister. The day of that night was like the day when I laughed at the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl in the Palace of Eternal Life. Unexpectedly, even the cowherd and the weaver girl are not as good as each other. I want to come to the son of heaven, so that I can't even protect my beloved. If I had known this, I would not have been as good as Mo Chounv.
Appreciate:
The poem begins with "overseas", referring to the legend that after his death, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered the alchemist to search for his soul overseas, met her in the overseas fairy mountain, and Yang Ci made a firm contract with her. The poet conceived in Xuanzong's mind that Kyushu had changed, the four seas were churning, and overseas lamented in vain, but the promise of "a different life" was difficult to realize. Three or four sentences are written upstairs. "Kong Wen" and "night explosion" mean that "night explosion" has never been heard; "No reply" and "Dawn" mean that "Dawn" is not needed. All this implies two sentences, namely "nothing" and "unknown", implying that Yang Yuhuan was caught in the Mawei incident. Five or six sentences become facts. "This day" refers to the day when the imperial concubine died, and "at that time" refers to the time when the Chinese Valentine's Day met. "Six armies stationed in Malaysia together" refers to the mutiny of the imperial army, and the love between Li and Yang is also "stationed in Malaysia together", and it is disillusioned. "Laughing at Petunia on Tanabata" refers to Tanabata night. In the Palace of Eternal Life, two people made a secret appointment with a smile, laughing at the short annual meeting between Penny and the Weaver Girl. "At that time" once "laughed" at others, but now it is not as long as the love of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl; In contrast, it is pathetic and ridiculous. The poet compares the indignation of the Sixth Army with the secret oath of the Palace of Eternal Life, which is profound and sharp. Seven or eight sentences end in a rhetorical tone. You are the son of heaven, but not as sweet as the people's love and happy life. The poet used "Mochow" to express his feelings. Asking with "how" implies accusation.
This is a political satire directed at Li Tang's former emperor, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. At the beginning, the story of "Overseas" and "More Kyushu" was used to summarize the legend that the alchemist discovered Yang Fei overseas, but it was denied by the "disciple". Those who "smell" listen to it for nothing. It means: Xuanzong heard from the alchemist that Yang Fei still remembered the oath of "wishing the world husband and wife" on the fairy mountain, and was "very shocked", but what's the use? He was born to be a couple. Anything could happen. The relationship between husband and wife in this life is obviously over. How it ended naturally caused the following situation.
The "cock crow" in court is in contrast with Ma Youyi's "tiger swimming at night", but yesterday's happiness and today's suffering, yesterday's safety and danger are all different situations and moods. The escape life of Tiger Walking at Night is very uncomfortable, which means the same thing. The contrast with Chicken Man Announces Dawn implies that the protagonist is eager to enjoy the happiness of the past again, which is another meaning. Then use "Kong Wen" and "no reply" to echo, indicating that hope has been disillusioned and the tail is too big to fail, which is the third meaning. "Tiger Brigade at Night" was originally used for patrolling and guarding, but being named "Kong Wen" has the opposite meaning. From the point of view of composition, "Kong Wen" inherited "Rest in Peace" and enlightened "Six Armies in Malaysia". It means that the "Tiger Brigade" is a "nocturnal song", but it is not to protect the safety of the emperor and the imperial concubine, but to launch a mutiny.
Because of this, it is impossible for Li and Yang to enjoy a comfortable court life.
Tripartite: "This day" refers to the day when Yang Fei died. "Six armies stationed in Malaysia" coincides with Bai Juyi's "Song of Eternal Sorrow", and no one moves, but after "Song of Eternal Sorrow", they may trample on those moths until their hooves, and "this day" is traced back to "then". The contrast and supplement between "then" and "today" is not only self-evident, but also rich in meaning. Xuanzong and Yang Fei swore to each other on Tanabata at that time, laughing at Petunia and Zhinv. They only met once a year, but they were "husband and wife forever" and never separated. But what if the sixth army doesn't send it? Opposed to each other, the ending of Fei Yang's death is not difficult to understand, and Xuanzong's hypocritical and selfish mental outlook is also exposed. At the same time, "Laughing and caressing cows on Tanabata" is a typical summary of Xuanzong's infatuation with women and neglect of political affairs. When compared with "six armies stationed in Malaysia", it shows the causal relationship between them. Without the debauchery at that time, there would be no dispersion of today. The "then" when Xuanzong indulged in debauchery never took into account the "today" when he gave his favorite concubine to death. At this point, the sentence of the tail couplet is like an arrow.
Tailing also contains strong contrast. On the one hand, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, who had been emperor for more than 40 years, could not keep his beloved concubine; On the other hand, the Lu family, as an ordinary people, can keep his wife Mochow, who is both a weaver and a mulberry picker. Therefore, the poet coldly asked: Xuanzong, who had been emperor for more than 40 years, why didn't he guard his wife like ordinary people? In the first six songs, the edge of criticism is directed at Tang Xuanzong. Concluding with a question that needs a lot of exploration to give a comprehensive answer enriches the content of criticism.