White Horse Pian, also known as Ranger Pian, was written by Cao Zhi (192-232), a poet of Wei in the Three Kingdoms period, the third son of Cao Cao, the founder of five-character poems in the history of literature, and Wang. He freely used Yuefu genre, which greatly opened up the realm of five-character poetry. "White Horse Piece" is the lyrics of Yuefu, named after the beginning. The poem depicts a young hero with high martial arts skills and praises his patriotic spirit of "national disaster, sudden death". At the same time, it entrusted the author with his great ambition of serving the motherland and making contributions.
Second, study the text.
1. Grasp the whole and clear your mind.
(1) Read poetry and clear the obstacles of writing.
② Content and form, Prime Minister.
Read the whole poem again and make it clear after discussion:
This poem is divided into two parts. In the first half, I will write about the ancient costumes of teenagers, then the extraordinary experiences of teenagers, and then the superb martial arts of "Rangers". Writing on the blackboard: Clothing, external beauty.
In the second half, first write the speed of participating in the war, then write the courage of fighting, and then reveal its inner beauty. Blackboard: Fighting, Inner Beauty.
(Commentary: First summarize and lay the foundation for the next specific taste. )
2. Specific taste, grasp the key and difficult points.
The appreciation of the first half is divided into four steps:
The sentence is very strange: "white horse" and "golden charm", one white and one yellow, with bright colors. "Lian Zhang" and "Chi", how brave this horse is. It seems to write about horses, but in fact it writes about people. A good horse matches a hero, and a hero controls a good horse.
(2) "Teenagers go to villages and towns and raise their voices in the desert", which is the only sentence to write about the extraordinary experience of teenagers.
(3) Key appreciation: Eight sentences: "Hold the bow and go over ... as brave as a leopard".
A. Summary: Write the excellent martial arts of "Ranger".
B. Expression: These eight sentences are not only an important reason for "raising the voice of the desert", but also pave the way for the heroic acts of "Ranger" and "Death in National Disaster" in the second half.
C. artistic skills and their functions-layout.
(4) The key sentence Lv Wei:
"Clever as a monkey, brave as a leopard", writing young heroes is more cunning than monkeys, and the momentum is like a leopard.
Appreciation in the second half:
1 "The dragon drives the Huns, and the left side makes Xianbei." The use of antithetical sentences enhances the expressive effect of the poem. Dance and Order show the heroic and unstoppable trend of young heroes, showing their courage to fight for their country and die. Why can you dance for this? From the analysis of the causes of natural transition, it reveals the pure inner world of young heroes.
(2) Appreciation of the following eight sentences: "Discarding edges":
A. This passage vividly shows the heroic courage of young heroes to serve the country faithfully.
B. With two rhetorical questions linked together, it shows more strongly the patriotic feelings of sacrificing one's life for one's country and disregarding one's family, and shows the spirit of no hesitation. Try to use declarative sentences, so that students can compare the differences in expression effects.
Third, classroom training.
Read the whole poem carefully and recite it in class.
Fourth, class summary.
This poem is rigorous in structure, interlocking, magnificent, hearty, exquisite and euphemistic, which greatly enhances the expression effect of language and makes the characters vivid. In particular, the young heroes' loyalty and courage to serve the country and their ambition to make contributions are worth learning.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) assigns homework.
1. Write an article on the theme of "patriotism" through the study of this poem. The genre is not limited, and the topic is self-made, with more than 700 words.
2.① Dictate "Jumping Altair" and "Drinking"; (2) The oral "White Horse" describes the juvenile costume, superb shooting and riding skills, and brilliant exploits.
(Designer: Zhou Shan Hu Zuozhong)
In Song Dynasty, Cheng Hao once compared the articles in The Analects of Confucius to jade, and compared the articles in Mencius to crystal, believing that the former was moist and the latter was Ming Rui. Generally speaking, Li Bai's poems are often sharp, but this poem has a warm atmosphere and gentle rhythm, which truly achieves the "elegant" style.
The first two sentences "If I don't do it for a long time, who will fail me?" , is the program of the whole poem. The first sentence focuses on "Wang creeping grass" to "beautiful but not expensive", the second sentence focuses on "retro" and finally "winning the forest" Cut to the chase like this and write two articles separately. It's a pen battle. Although these two sentences are only ten words, they are full of emotion. The "elegance" here does not refer to the "elegance" in the Book of Songs, but generally refers to the voice of elegance and integrity. The elegant voice lingers for a long time, which is a positive meaning and a layer. But who can rise? In today's world, who else but me? The word "I" falls out to express the poet's ambition, which is the second level. However, at this time, the poet is not young, but as Confucius sighed, "I am very weak, and I have not dreamed of Duke Zhou for a long time." Even if I can show my ambition, my days are numbered. This is the third floor. Besides, the vast land, who knows me? To whom is this ambition shown and presented? This is the fourth floor. These four turns, one deep singing and three sighs, are desolate and desolate, but the tone is simple and elegant, and the resentment of the aftermath is not penetrated. It is indeed the orthodox style of five-character ancient poetry.
After the first two paragraphs made it clear, the third sentence began to express "elegance has not been written for a long time". After the Spring and Autumn Period, 300 poems represented by Guan's Wind of the King were abandoned in the weeds. By the Warring States period, weeds had developed into thorns everywhere. The three clans are divided into Jin, the seven males compete for power, and the tiger fights for the dragon to the Qin madness. Four sentences go all the way down, and the first sentence shows the word "long". However, if this continues, the style will be dull, so the sentence "What's that sound?" It's a sigh and a sigh. Correct pronunciation means elegance, and harmony means long silence. In response to the above, he fell back to the next sentence, "mourning the poet." There is a saying in the Book of Songs that "sorrow does not hurt, resentment does not anger". Here, Qu Yuan and Song Yu are attributed to sadness, and the implication is that they still have a faint pulse. Qu and Song are both Chu poets in Seven Heroes. As it was the pre-Qin period, here is an inverted sentence as a supplementary narrative. At that time, the literature situation was uneven. So I used Xu Shun as an example of the Han Dynasty, saying that "the wild horses are full of waves, and the wanderings are endless", which shows that Yang Xiong and Sima Xiangru stirred up the middle stream in the decadent style of writing after Chu Ci, but the evils were as bad as Ban Gu's Hanshu. Art and literature. "A Brief Introduction to Poetry" says: "Competition is a luxury, and there is no wind metaphor", and Liang's "Wen Xin Diao Long". Just like "Yang Ma Jing Tao beats the shore", the essays on the frontier are so stirring that they are gone forever and will be remembered for thousands of years. When the poet writes here, he cannot list them one by one like an account book. Therefore, in a word, "although the abolition of prosperity has changed, the articles of association have also fallen", indicating that although there have been many changes in the future, the article has always fallen. Especially "From Jian 'anlai" is "beautiful but not expensive", which is different from "Wen Xin Diao Long". The poem "History of the Ming Dynasty" says: "Jin Dynasty was full of talented people, but it was a little light." Similar to the general saying that "strength is softer than Jian' an". It can be seen that the poet opposes extravagance and waste and advocates halal nature. This poem is written here. From the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to Sui Chen, it is not far from ancient times. I have written the word "long" in the sentence "I am elegant for a long time", so I turned my pen and typed "Who is old and weak?"
"The sundae is retro, expensive in clothes, belonging to a group, riding * * *, with bright literature and stars." These six sentences describe the literary movement in the Tang Dynasty, and poets are so cunning. In fact, this is half a lie. The Tang Dynasty is a new era of poetry, with close rhymes, so why is there such a saying as "retro"? Emperor Taizong won the world all at once. How can he rule by doing nothing, between Zhong and Rui, after the change of Wu Hou and Zhi? Although the poems of Wang, Yang, Lu, Luo, Shen and Song have their own merits, the use of the word "halal" is only Li Bai's personal statement, which is not enough to represent the style of the early Tang Dynasty. Literati leap by luck in their twilight years, just like carp rushing to Longmen and stars falling in autumn. It's right to write about scholars in the Tang Dynasty here, but in the Tang Dynasty, scholars were mainly selected by poetry and fu, and literature was better than quality. Why is there such a saying as "the combination of literature and quality"? These are still minor problems. If the rulers of the Tang Dynasty were really like what Li Bai wrote in his six poems, Li Bai should have revived "elegance" and "pronunciation" long ago. Why should I fail? The contradiction between these six sentences and "I am weak and who is old" shows that the poet's six sentences are false and deliberate affirmation and negation. Therefore, in the following, I jump out of the "star" and, in the words of Confucius, I declare that I have no intention of creating. I just want to sort out those works that are "destroyed and changed" like Confucius deleting poems, so as to "reflect thousands of spring". However, after all, Confucius didn't just delete narratives, praise Zhouyi, delete poetry books, and make music. Finally, I made the Spring and Autumn Annals, which has been circulated for thousands of years, and it was not until fourteen years that Ai Gong hunted Kirin. The poet's ambition is the same. The last two sentences, from the depressed thoughts of "I am failing, but who will succeed" and "I aim to delete the narrative", resurfaced, and revived the whole poem with the firm words of "I hope the saints stand firm and my pen will win", expressing the will to make great achievements in literature as long as I live. The poet takes it as his duty to create a poetic style. Comparing himself with Confucius shows that he has high expectations of himself. The word "Li" echoes the word "Left" in the first sentence from a distance, and it is so full of energy that it is "elegant" and "Left".
Because the idea of this poem is to revive elegance, the poet's mind and demeanor are always elegant and gentlemanly when writing, so he can't be elegant and graceful, nor can he complain about others, taking the center as the pen. Therefore, even in the lament of "Who is my loser", I am dissatisfied with the present era, but I can only use six positive praises such as "Dai Sheng Fugu" to show my contradictory meaning. This is not the theory that the poet pretends to be against his will, but the position of writing this poem. Throughout the ages, this poem has been read casually, and its contradictory intention has never been discovered. This is a disappointment to the poet who painstakingly crowned the complete works with this poem at that time.
The whole poem rhymes at the end and the syllables are elegant and neutral. The last two sentences, because the intention is firm, the tone is unconsciously urgent. "Li", "Jue" and "Pen" are just arranged together, and the casual collocation of sound and meaning constitutes the decisive finale.
Sickness and pregnancy
Year: Song Author: Lu You
Sick and sick, the hat on his head seems to be very wide, and he is a lonely guest on the Chengdu River thousands of miles away.
Although the status is low, I never forget to worry about national affairs, but if I want to realize the ideal of reunification, I can only make a final conclusion after death.
I hope the gods of heaven and earth will bless the country, and the people in the north will wait day and night for the emperor to recover lost territory.
The loyalty spirit of Wang Zhu Ge Kongming's famous book "The Songs of Chu Shi Biao" will remain immortal, so we should read it carefully in the middle of the night.
[Poetry Notes]
Jianggan: By the river.
Coffin closing: cover the coffin.
Temple Fair: Ancestral Temple Fair refers to the national court.
Luan: the driving of the son of heaven.
[Author clicks]
Lu You (1125-1210) was born in Yin Shan, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). Patriotic poets in Southern Song Dynasty. Today, there are nearly 10,000 songs with a wide range of topics and rich contents. In the early stage, most of them were patriotic poems, which were magnificent and bold. In the later period, most of them were pastoral poems with beautiful and plain style. The most striking feature of his poems is strong patriotism. It is the same as You Mao, Yang Wanli and Fan Chengda, and is also called the four great masters of the Southern Song Dynasty.
[Appreciation of Jin Dian]
This poem was written after the poet Xichun was removed from the Senate for three years (1 176). After leaving his post, the poet moved to Huanhua Village in southwest Chengdu, where he was ill for more than 20 days. This poem begins with illness and ends with burning the midnight oil to read "The Watch of Teachers", which shows indomitable spirit and indelible will. Among them, the sentence of "humble duty" is like a heart lamp in the long night, which not only makes poetic thoughts shine, but also makes these seven laws unique and unique in essence and artistic realm.
[Appreciation of Famous Sentences]
"I dare not forget to worry about my country", which is similar to Gu's "Every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world". Humble as I am, I have never forgotten the responsibility of caring for my country and people. Its main purpose is to love my motherland. It summarizes the great spirit of the Chinese nation's love for the motherland and reveals the flesh-and-blood relationship between the people and the country. We don't want to be vigorous, as long as we work hard based on our posts, make more contributions, and don't add chaos, it is patriotism and concern for the country. There are different manifestations such as loving the motherland, creating material wealth and spiritual wealth, defending national dignity, winning glory for the country, safeguarding the reunification of the motherland, and promoting national virtues. These are all commendable.