The nostalgia in Li Bai's "Quiet Night Thoughts" was born in this way, "The moonlight is bright in front of the bed, I suspect it is frost on the ground. I raise my head to look at the bright moon, and lower my head to think about my hometown." When the poet "raises his head to look up. When the moon shines brightly, a trace of homesickness suddenly arises in my heart. Such a process of inducing homesickness is not only easy for people to understand, but also many people have personally experienced it. This breaks through the emotional gap that may arise between poets and readers due to different life experiences. Therefore, for thousands of years, deep Be loved by people. The moon in the poem is no longer a purely objective image, but an image imbued with the poet's emotions. Among Li Bai's poems, there are a large number of poems that praise the moon, such as: "I send my sorrowful heart to the bright moon, and follow the wind only to the west of the night" (Li Bai's "I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left and Longbiao was far away"); "The lonely lamp Unexpectedly, I am so overwhelmed with thoughts that I curl up my curtains and look at the moonlit sky and sigh" (Li Bai's "Long Love"); "A pot of wine among the flowers, drinking alone without a blind date. I raise my glass to invite the bright moon, and we become three people facing each other in the shadow" (Li Bai's "Drinking Alone under the Moon"). ; "Under the moon, in the flying mirror, the clouds are forming sea towers. I still feel sorry for the water in my hometown, and I send my boat sailing thousands of miles away." (Li Bai's "Farewell at the Jingmen Gate") etc. Others use the moon to express their feelings of lovesickness
Although the bright moon often appears as the attribute of the natural moon in poets' writings, it is more often endowed with rich and profound symbolic meanings. Therefore, the bright moon is highly personified by the poet, giving it human thoughts and feelings. "The moon from the ice and the spring in the well enters the boudoir, and the golden vat of green light shines and weeps sadly" ("Sitting at Night"), "The moonlight is about to reach the Changmen Hall, don't be sad in the deep palace", "The mirror hangs in the blue sky at night, shining alone "People in the Nagato Palace" ("Two Songs of Nagato's Revenge"), "The moon falls in the low building and the candles are all gone, and the flying flowers settle in the empty bed of laughter" ("Spring Revenge"). The poet personified the bright moon and wrote it into human thoughts and feelings. of elves. It is used to express the sorrow and longing for the moon of the palace maid and the missing woman, making the poem more lively and interesting, showing a unique artistic charm. As Mr. Zhang Fuqing pointed out: "Whenever poets write about the bright moon, they often regard the moon as a friend, relative and lover, confiding their feelings to it, communicating with it with their own hearts, as innocent and innocent as a child. Open your heart to it unabashedly, and embrace the bright moon with the purest, most sincere, and warmest emotions." [4] (pp.166-167) This also reflects the poet's dissatisfaction with the world. noble personality. The symbolic meaning of the moon in Li Bai's poems mainly has the following aspects, and the author will briefly explain this.
The bright moon symbolizes beauty and love. In ancient times, people believed that the sun was Yang, so it was called Taiyang; the moon was Yin, so it was called Taiyin. Therefore, people often use the moon to describe the beauty of a woman's appearance, body and sentiment, such as "the moon looks beautiful", "the moon is shy of the flower", etc. In "The Book of Songs: Moonrise", there is a song "The moonrise is bright, the outstanding people are there, the gentle and graceful are tangled, and the hard work is quiet", which uses the bright moon to set off the purity and beauty of women. The image of the moon in Li Bai's poems also often has this symbolic and metaphorical meaning. For example, "The moon is bright with bright eyebrows, and the city is full of joy with a smile" ("Ancient Style" 26), using metaphors and exaggerated writing methods to describe the incomparable beauty of women; "The moon is walking on the pavilion road, and the beauty is sad in the sky" ("Back to Shang") , it describes a woman in the palace wandering in the moonlight on the pavilion road of "Pavilion and Tiantong" in the dead of night. Her sorrow is that her wish for the king's visit has been in vain time and time again, showing a ethereal likeness. The image of a deity's melancholy beauty; the exquisiteness of the moon is used to set off the resentment of human beings, and the painting is written from the opposite side without leaving any trace behind. "Holding a cup and reflecting on a singing fan is like seeing the moon in the clouds" ("Meetings"), which not only compares people to the moon, but also compares people to the moon. The shy appearance of the singer-songwriter covering her face with a singing fan is just like the beautiful moon in the clouds that is sometimes shrouded in clouds and mist, and sometimes half-revealing her pretty face. "Cui'e Chanjuan shines at the beginning of the moon, and the beauties even sing and dance in Luo Yi" ("Memory of the Old Journey"). The song girl is beautiful and otherworldly, just like the clear light of the new moon, and her dancing skills are outstanding, and her singing voice is sweet. "The breeze blows the song into the sky. , the song flies around the clouds by itself” (ibid.). In fact, this also reflects the most beautiful emotion in the world, that is, love, so I won’t go into details here.
The bright moon symbolizes the longing for hometown, relatives and friends. The poet is far away from his hometown and relatives, and wanders away all year round. He can't help but feel homesick for the moon. "The sky borrows a bright moon and flies up to the blue clouds. My hometown is invisible, and I look to the west with my heart broken." ("Two Poems on a Tour to Qiupu Baijianpi"). I miss my hometown and relatives with deep feelings towards the bright moon. "Thoughts on a Quiet Night" is just such a masterpiece of chanting the moon that has been passed down through the ages. The poet deeply felt that "the moon is difficult to round when it is tilted over a cliff" ("Baizhao Mountain in Anlu"), so "the moon shines like snow at night, which makes people think about it" ("Send a Guard in the Autumn Mountain"), and misses relatives and friends because of the moon. "I send my sorrowful heart to the bright moon, and follow the wind to the west of the night." ("I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left and Longbiao was far away") The poet turned his deep love for his friends into whimsical thoughts, and asked the bright moon to go to the night on his behalf. Lang visited and expressed condolences to his friends and expressed his sincere concern for his old friend. It can be called an eternal song to express friendship through chanting the moon. Li Bai's greatness also lies in the fact that he often extended his personal feelings to express the common thoughts and feelings of everyone in the world, especially Zheng's husband's homesickness under the moon, such as : "The moon follows the shadow of the bow, and the Hu sword brushes the frost flowers" (Part 5 of "Song under the Sai"), "A moon in Chang'an, the sound of thousands of households pounding clothes. The autumn wind can't blow, but it is always the love of jade. When will the Hulu be pacified? "The beloved is ready to go on an expedition." ("Midnight Wu Song") writes that the missing woman in Chang'an City took advantage of the moonlight to rush to make cold clothes to send to her husband in the border area. They longed for the war to end as soon as possible so that their husbands could return home as soon as possible and express their deep feelings of missing their husbands on moonlit nights.
What the poet expresses is the unanimous voice and voice of the people.
Use the bright moon to symbolize your persistent pursuit of ideals in life. The poet once had lofty political ambitions and life ideals of "helping the common people", "securing the country", and "worrying about Li Yuan". In his poems, he often used Dapeng to describe himself and compare himself to himself. He regarded gaining fame as a piece of cake. thing. "Everyone is full of joy and hope, and wants to go up to the blue sky to embrace the bright moon" ("Farewell to the Secretary Shu Yun at Xie Tiao Tower, Xuanzhou") is a vivid reflection and vivid portrayal of his lofty ambitions and ambitions. Admittedly, this also reflects the unrealistic and illusory nature of the poet's "blockbuster" and "soaring to the sky" approach to realizing his ideal life. In particular, his arrogant and flamboyant personality of being an equal to the princes who "will not yield to himself or interfere with others" caused him to be "given money and released" after his short career as a poet in the capital, and he suffered a lot of abuse. The most serious setback in life, but he would never give in because of it. In "Sleepwalking Tianmu Yin Liu Farewell", he clearly declared: "An Neng can crush his eyebrows and bend his waist to serve the powerful, which makes me unhappy." In order to adhere to his ideals, he will never be servile, showing his contempt and determination for the rulers. attitude, and insists on looking for his ideal world: "I want to dream of Wuyue, and fly across the Jinghu Moon in one night", showing the persistent pursuit of the ideal of life.
The bright moon symbolizes the noble quality of people. When ancient people wrote about the moon, they mostly expressed its brightness, purity and purity. Li Bai also often used the moon to symbolize the noble quality of people. "When the clouds see the sun and the moon, they cast fire essence and mercury" ("Shangyun Music"). The poet believes that the sun is refined from fire, and the moon is cast from mercury, so it appears so pure. Flawless. "When I see the moon in the water, the green lotus comes out of the dust" ("Sheng Gong Qingfeng Pavilion of Youhuacheng Temple"), which describes the moon in the water like the green lotus emerging from the mud and its fragrant and clean nature, as a metaphor for the rise of the moon. The public has an upright and upright image of "helping others without benefiting oneself"; "There is no use in being aloof and high compared to the clouds and the moon when you are humble in the world" (Part 3 of "The Road is Difficult"). It advises people to be indifferent to fame and fortune, to be kind to others and themselves, and not to pursue the so-called purity. High and other false names; another example is "The sky is clear, the river is white, the moon is white, the heart is calm and the seagulls know" (Part 1 of "Gifts to Hanyang Fulushi"), "The moon is shining over the river in spring, and the sea is blue in autumn... The wind in the pines is clear and elegant, and the moon in the stream is fragrant. "Zun", "I feel refreshed when I see the moon behind the curtain, I suspect it's snowing in the dark night on the mountain", "Looking at the moon in the water with my heart, I can find the pearl" ("To Zhong Jungong of Lingyuan Temple, Xuanzhou"), all are written with the moon in mind. People's quiet and indifferent lofty feelings and aloof and noble soul. "The bright moon never returns and sinks into the blue sea, and the white clouds fill the sky with sorrow" ("Crying Chao Qingheng"). The poet uses the bright moon to compare the Japanese monk Chao Heng's great contribution to the development of Sino-Japanese cultural exchanges, and uses it to commemorate his contribution to China. The heroic act of sacrificing his life for the friendship between Japan and Japan has become a good story in the history of Sino-foreign exchanges. In addition, the poet also uses the verse and contrasting technique of "Qu Ping's poems hang over the sun and moon, and the Chu king's platform overlooks the empty hills" ("Ode on the River") to show that Qu Yuan's patriotic poems have been passed down through the ages and can compete with the sun and the moon for glory. The once arrogant King of Chu only left behind barren tombs and ancient tombs, with clear distinction between praise and blame.
The lunar eclipse symbolizes the erosion and blocking of light by darkness. Lunar eclipse is a natural phenomenon, but ancient people regarded it as a sign of disaster. "The toad eats the round shadow, and the bright night has faded" ("Gu Lang Yue Xing"). The poet borrowed the ancient saying that "it is not a good sign for a toad to eat the moon" to metaphor and imply the corrupt nature and corruption hidden under the surface prosperity of the Tang Dynasty. It contains the profound crisis that caused the turmoil and shows the poet's political foresight and deep sense of urgency. "The toad is so thin that it erodes the moon of this Yaotai. The round light falls in the middle of the sky, and the golden spirit is lost." (Part 2 of "Ancient Style") This poem has the same purpose as the previous poem. They both symbolize that the emperor was deceived by some treacherous ministers, or they symbolize the country. of decline. The later Anshi Rebellion confirmed the poet's views and opinions. This is another expression of the poet's "the past is no longer the same" and "the majesty under the frost" (ibid.).
The image of the bright moon symbolizes philosophical enlightenment. The poet has a famous poem about the moon, "Asking the Moon with Wine": "When will the moon come in the blue sky, I will stop now.
I will ask:
Ask it with a cup. A person cannot reach the bright moon if he climbs it. , the moon travels with people. The bright sky is like a flying mirror, and the green smoke extinguishes the clear light. But when I see the night coming from the sea, I would rather know that there is nothing in the clouds. The white rabbit makes medicine, autumn returns to spring, and Chang'e lives alone. Who do you pity? Today's people cannot see the moon in ancient times, but today's moon shines on the ancients. People in ancient times and today see the bright moon like this. I only hope that when I sing and drink, the moonlight will shine in the golden bottle forever. The bright moon hangs in the blue sky and shines brightly, spreading its boundless brilliance to its heart's content. It rises in the evening and disappears in the morning, always seeming far away from people. The bright moon lasts forever, but life is short. Facing the everlasting bright moon, the poet suddenly felt emotional, so he stopped his glass and asked about it. The eternal sentiments are attached to the moon, triggering his exploration of the philosophy of life, and putting life issues of the vastness of the universe, the vastness and infinity of time and space, and the shortness of life in front of the moon and readers. People today cannot see the bright moon in ancient times, and people in ancient times cannot see the moon today. This brings people the regret of not being able to stay with the moon forever. Zhang Ruoxu's "Spring River Flower Moonlight Night" also states the same truth: "Life is endless from generation to generation, but the river and moon are only similar every year." Although the "moons" are similar year after year, the "people" are different year after year. Life is like the fleeting water in the long river of history, appearing short and insignificant. Only the bright moon and the universe are great and eternal existences.
The poet uses the moon as a reference in life, and expresses his deep attachment to a beautiful life through his profound philosophical thinking about the eternity and infinity of the moon, and his persistent pursuit of ideals and values ??in life. The poet's philosophical speculation on the eternity of the moon and the shortness of life is not isolated or added to the poem, but a kind of ideological realization and sublimation obtained through the observation, knowledge and understanding of the moon. It is a kind of ideological understanding and sublimation that permeates the whole poem. The inner spirit and connotation of the poem, especially the organic combination of philosophical thinking and the image depiction of the moon, are highly unified and integrated, so that the theme of the poem originates from emotion, is purified from aesthetics, and is sublimated from philosophy, forming its Immortal artistic value. Another example is "Bringing Prostitutes to the Meng's Taoyuan of Qixia Mountain, King of Liang": "The King of Liang has gone and the bright moon is here, and the oriole is drunk and crying in the spring breeze." "Su Tai Looks at the Ancients": "The old garden is deserted and the willows are new, and the Ling Ge can be sung a cappella. Spring. Now there is only the moon in the Xijiang River, which once shone on the people in King Wu's palace." These two poems are the poet's nostalgic works after visiting famous places. The King of Liang has passed away, and the glory of the Six Dynasties is no longer there; Sutai is deserted, and the prosperity of the past has ceased; things have changed and people have changed, but Jiang Yue remains undefeated. What the poet expresses is his deep lamentation about the changes in things and people, the vicissitudes of life, and the rise and fall of history. Here, Mingyue has become a witness to the great changes of Liang and Wu from their peak glory to decline and destruction, the change of dynasties, and the rise and fall of history. The bright moon is still there, but the once mighty kings of Liang and Wu have disappeared into the smoke and clouds of history except for leaving behind their barren tombs and wild hills. This is very similar to the later famous nostalgic poem "Stone City" by Liu Yuxi, "The old moon is east of the Huai River, and it still comes over the female wall late at night." They not only provide readers with exquisite artistic aesthetic enjoyment and infection, but also provide readers with profound philosophical enlightenment and emotional edification.
Analyzing and discussing the moon imagery and connotations in Li Bai's poems plays an important role in comprehensively understanding and understanding the diverse artistic styles and distinctive personality characteristics of the poet's poetry creation. As Mr. Yuan Xingpei pointed out: "The imagery of poetry has strong personal characteristics and can best reflect the poet's style. Whether a poet has a unique style depends to a large extent on whether he has established his personal image group. A After an image is successfully created, although it can be used by other poets, it often only has vitality in the writings of one or a few poets, so that this image is associated with this one or several poets, and even becomes the incarnation of the poet. ."〔5〕(p.242) It’s true. When talking about poems about chanting to the moon, it is impossible not to talk about the great poet Li Bai. His famous poems about chanting to the moon that have been passed down through the ages often appear in the textbooks of universities, middle schools and primary schools, and have become one of the rare treasures of Chinese culture. The poet not only formed his own distinctive personality in chanting the moon, but he was also a master and master of the moon chanting who was good at learning from the strengths of others. He widely absorbed the excellent cultural heritage and performance skills of the moon chanting from the Book of Songs, Cao Cao, Zhang Ruoxu and others. Sometimes he even likes to use the poems of his predecessors, and innovates and develops them, reaching the peak of the creation of moon poems. It has an important and far-reaching influence on the later creation of moon poems such as Liu Yuxi, Yang Wanli, Su Shi, etc., and is the foundation of Chinese moon culture. made important contributions to its formation and development. On the other hand, it also enables us to recognize and understand the magnificent images in Li Bai's poems such as "Dapeng", "Mountain", "Waterfall" and "Yellow River", as well as appreciate his sublime and magnificent poetic style. There are also many beautiful and exquisite images and beautiful poetic styles in Li Bai's poems, such as "Mingyue", so that we can have a comprehensive and scientific understanding of the poet, poems, poetic styles and poetic images.
I hope it can help you, and I hope you will adopt it, thank you