One of the most influential poets in contemporary America, the founder of confessional school. Born in Boston to a New England family. At first, he studied at Harvard University, but later because he was dissatisfied with his cultural traditions, he transferred to Kenyon College and Louisiana State University. He studied under Southerners Ranson and Tate. Here, the ancestral beliefs of Catholic priests were changed to Roman Catholicism, which reflected the break between religion and secularism. Lowell was imprisoned twice for refusing military service and participating in public activities, and divorced many times. He taught in Harvard, Iowa, Boston and other universities, and served as a consultant to the National Library for 48 years. Lowell won many national poetry and criticism awards before and after his death.
Lowell's creative path typically depicts the ideological changes of American poetry from modernism to postmodernism and contemporary American intellectuals. The early poetry, represented by 1946 Pulitzer Prize-winning anthology Lord Willie's Castle, embodies the principles of new criticism and academic poetry creation: impersonality, irony and religious symbol. The life research published in 1959 is called the fulcrum of American poetry, which directly led to the "repentance fever" in the 1960s. Influenced by Yi Bishop and Ai Ginsburg, this episode breaks the tradition of new criticism and academic poetry, blends the cultural contradictions of the times into personal internal contradictions, and turns from "historical fantasy" to the analysis of personal life, which becomes difficult. It uses allusions and symbolic language as impromptu oral language to describe the decline history of American traditional culture, modern civilization and self.