willow
the Tang Dynasty
He zhangzhi
Jasper dressed as a tree, hanging down ten thousand green silk tapestries.
I don't know who cut the thin leaves, but the spring breeze in February is like scissors.
The Significance of Ancient Willow Poems
Tall willows grow green leaves like jasper, and thousands of drooping willow branches flutter in the wind like green ribbons.
I wonder who cut this thin willow leaf. The warm and cold February spring breeze seems to be a magical pair of scissors.
Appreciation of ancient willow poems.
This poem praises the vitality that spring brings to the earth through the vivid description of willow trees. The first two sentences of the poem compare bright green willow leaves to jasper, and countless willow branches to green ribbons, vividly depicting the charming posture of slender, slender and swaying willow branches in the spring breeze. "I don't know who cut the thin leaves. The spring breeze in February is like scissors." Comparing the cold and warm February spring breeze with scissors shows the magic and dexterity of the spring breeze, with rich imagination and exquisite conception. This poem expresses the poet's love for willow, spring and nature.
"Jasper is dressed as a tree, and thousands of strands of green silk hang down" is a famous saying of Siming fanatics, in which we can feel a lot of friendship.
Willow was the object of singing in ancient China, so at that time, willows were planted in both the countryside and the imperial court, and they were all lush.
Therefore, in spring, when the spring breeze just sweeps away the snow, the willows turn green and spit out pink buds. The clarification in summer is accompanied by the heat wave, and people sit under the willows to enjoy the cool. At this time, the willow has grown thin branches and leaves, tightly attached to the willow branches. In autumn, the autumn wind blows off a yellow leaf, which falls into the soil with the tall and straight willows that have been with you for more than half a year, and finally returns to its roots peacefully. In winter, people are reluctant to go out because of the cold branches of the city, but the hero's willow still stands upright and has been repeatedly tested in the severe winter. ...
"Jasper adorns trees, and thousands of strands of green silk hang down" is to reflect the beauty and loveliness of willow branches and green leaves, and highlight the characteristics of willow trees with green willow color, which can not help but make people see the sight of willow branches floating lightly, which is embarrassing.
And "I don't know who cut the thin leaves, and the spring breeze in February is like scissors" not only praised the graceful figure and beauty of willow branches, but also praised the slender and lovely willow branches. This is not only the characteristics of willow branches themselves, but also the caress of nature's sunshine and rain, breeze and drizzle, which makes them so beautiful, admirable and eulogized. In people's minds, the soft, pink-green "willow hair" has a beautiful scene of long braids dancing in the bright sunshine and warm breeze. Here, the spring breeze in February is compared to embroidered scissors, which vividly shows the charm of willow in spring and depicts the image of willow beauty just right, making people feel that this is not only a willow, but also a refined and elegant fairy. Let people feel the poet's enthusiasm for willow trees.
Today, standing by the West Lake, I was fascinated by all this. Between the fantasy in my heart and the willow tree in front of me, I also admire: yes, a good sentence "I don't know who cut the thin leaves, and the spring breeze in February is like scissors", which is neat, standardized and interesting!
Brief introduction of the author
He and Zhang Xu, known as "Cao Sheng", are good friends. Zhang Xu's nickname is "Zhang Dian", which is just a pair of "fanatics". The two of them often ask servants to bring wine, go in and out of the people, get excited when they see their good wall, and write inscriptions on the wall. This trick is a bit like an urchin. Once, He Zhangzhi saw a family's garden scenery was very good, so he went in to watch it. When the host asked, he replied with a poem: The host doesn't know each other, and I am a fountain. Master, don't worry about buying wine, bulging pockets and lack of drinks.
In fact, he told his host: we really don't know each other. I came to your house just to enjoy the beautiful scenery. Don't worry about having no money to entertain me. I have money in my pocket, so I can invite you to drink with me! Even a stingy host will probably smile happily in front of a childish person.
Extended reading:
Detailed explanation of who
Personality assessment
Li Bai: There are fanatics in Siming. Celebration is really romantic.
Tao: Good grass, good behavior, contemporary balance. On festivals in the evening, people especially celebrate their birthdays. Every drunkenness should be regarded as a literary word, and grass and grass alternate with each other. Speaking of strange escape, you don't have to wake up and go back to your roots.
The life of the character
Become famous at a young age
He Zhangzhi moved to Yin Shan in his early years. When I was young, I was famous for my poems. After Tang Wu, in the first year of his reign (695), he was the first scholar in Zhejiang history.
The road to bureaucracy
After he won the first prize, he was awarded four doctors at first and then transferred to Dr. Tai Chang. In the 10th year of Kaiyuan (722), Zhang, a calligrapher of Tang Dynasty, recommended him to Tang Academy to participate in the compilation of Six Classics, Wenzong and other books, but he failed and was transferred to an official position. Thirteen-year assistant minister of rites, bachelor of Jixian Academy. Later, he was transferred to Du Shi, the son of the prince, and served as assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry. In twenty-six years, he was a guest of honor for the Crown Prince, named Dr. Yin Lu, who was also the secretary supervisor, so he was called "He Jian".
Old age life
In the third year of Tianbao (744), due to illness, he asked for help, seeking to return to his hometown, giving up his hometown as a view, and seeking several hectares of Zhougong Lake as a release pond. I made a promise and gave Jianhu a song. Xuanzong's imperial poems were presented, and the crown prince led a hundred officials to bid farewell. Go back to the Taoist village outside Wuyun Gate in Yinshan, live in Qian Qiu View, and build a pavilion to entertain yourself. The number of papers is only a few crosses. "The walls of the hall are good, and I forget the machine and write a few lines, such as insects flying away, although it is not as good as ancient Zhang Suo."
In the meantime, I wrote "Two Hometown Couples": "Young people leave home, old people return, and the local accent has not changed. When a child meets a stranger, he will smile and ask where the guest is from. " "I have been away from my hometown for many years, and I have been there half the time recently. Only the mirror lake in front of the door, the spring breeze does not change the old waves. " He became famous at the age of 86. In the first year of Gan Yuan (758), Su Zong returned to China to attend a book club, and presented a book of rites.
Anecdotes of characters
Begging for fame
In the early years of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the famous minister He wrote to the court, demanding to retire to Wuzhong. Xuanzong Li Longji respected him very much and treated everything differently.
When He Zhangzhi left, he said goodbye to Tang Xuanzong, and his eyes were full of tears. Tang Xuanzong asked him what other requirements he had. He said to him, "I know that Zhang has a son who hasn't been named yet. If your majesty gives you a name, it will be a great honor for the old minister to return home in clothes. " Xuanzong said: "Faith is the core of Tao. Blessed people have faith. The son of Qing should be named Fu. " Know the chapter and thank humbly.
After a long time, Zhang Zhicai realized this. He thought to himself, "The emperor is so happy with me. I'm from Wu, and the word' fu' is the word' claw' followed by the word' zi'. He named my son' Fu', didn't he call my son's paw? "
Eight immortals who drink alcohol
He and Li Bai both like drinking very much. They are both famous "Brewmaster". What is the first sentence in Du Fu's famous poem "The Song of Drinking Eight Immortals": "Knowing Zhang riding a horse is like riding a boat, falling into the water and sleeping." Said that when he was drunk, he leaned forward and leaned back on horseback, just like sitting in a boat. Zuiyan fell into the well, and he simply fell asleep at the bottom of the well. Ordinary people will be awakened by a pot of cold water even if they are drunk. He will not wake up when he falls into a well, so he is the number one "Brewmaster".
Xuanzong saw me off.
He Zhangzhi was seriously ill at the age of 86, lying in bed completely unconscious. But later, he survived, came back, made a statement to the emperor, and asked for permission to return to his hometown as a Taoist. Tang agreed to his request, agreed to donate his home in Beijing as a Taoist temple, and specially named it "Qian Qiu". He also sent a letter to set up a tent at the east gate of the capital to let hundreds of officials bid farewell. Not counting, Tang personally wrote a poem to see him off.
The preface in the poem says, "In the second year of Tianbao, I was ordered by the Prince to become a monk. I took advantage of hanging the crown in order to go to Korean pine. On the fifth day of the first month, I returned to Huiji. So I went to East Road, ... and sent a poem as a gift. " Don Huang Ming wrote in his poem: "When he entered the Tao during his inheritance, he gave up his old age and even smoked. Don't hesitate to be virtuous, it is like a noble heart. The secrets in the atlas are scattered outside. Qingmen is unique and the hero is not deep. " Probably still want to finish, I wrote the second song: "I will open a hundred pots of wine at the banquet and go home at two o'clock." Immortal Ming Jin (bamboo record), Zhang Ba Yu Yi. Silently accepting the early harvest, the road is full of brilliance. "
Open-minded, indulgent or deliberately drinking too much.
In the first year of Tang Tianbao, the poet Li Bai came to the capital Chang 'an. He has no friends in Chang 'an, so he lives alone in an inn. One day, he visited a famous Taoist temple and met the famous poet He. He Zhangzhi read Li Bai's poems a long time ago, and he appreciated them very much. When he met by chance, he began to have a cordial conversation. He asked Li Bai for his new poem. After reading "Difficulties in Shu Dao", he said to Li Bai in surprise: "It seems that you are a poet from heaven!"
At dusk, He Zhangzhi invited Li Bai to drink. Hardly had he sat down in the hotel when he remembered that he had no money with him. He thought about it and untied the scarab bag around his waist as a drink. Li Bai stopped and said, "No way, this is an ornament given to you by the royal family according to its rank. How can I change it to wine? "
Two people can drink until everyone is slightly drunk. Later, He Zhangzhi recommended Li Bai to the emperor. The emperor heard about Li Bai for a long time, so he appointed Li Bai as the Hanlin to be summoned.
Later, he died, and Li Bai drank wine alone, feeling disappointed and pregnant. He remembered the scarab changing wine, so he wrote "Two Memories of Wine and Congratulations".
Unofficial history's anecdote
There is a residence in Xuanpingfang, Xijing. There is a small wooden door opposite his house, and an old man is often seen riding a donkey in and out there. After five or six years, the old man's face and clothes are still the same as before, and nothing has changed. I can't see his family. I asked the neighbors in the alley, and they all said that Wang Lao, who sells money ropes in Xicheng, has no other occupation. Through observation, we can see that he is an extraordinary person. He often goes to Wang Lao in his spare time, and the old man greets him respectfully and carefully.
He has only one boy at his disposal. He Zhangzhi asked his occupation, and the old man replied casually. Due to the increase in contact with him, he gradually became respectful and made more remarks, so he said in his speech that he was good at cultivating an alchemist. He has always believed in Taoism, so he is willing to worship the old man as a teacher. Later, He and his wife took away a pearl, which they said they got in their hometown. They have treasured it for many years and specially presented it to the elderly, asking them to teach Taoism.
After the old man took it, he gave the pearl to the boy and asked him to buy a cake. The boy exchanged pearls for more than 30 biscuits, so he invited him to dinner. He Zhangzhi thought that the orb was specially given to the elderly, but the elderly used it lightly. I am very unhappy. The old man has noticed and said, "Taoism can be learned, but where is the struggle?" Taoism has no reason to succeed until compassion stops. You should go to the deep mountains and old valleys to explore, to search diligently and wholeheartedly, which is not something that the city can teach you. "He Zhangzhi after listen to have experience very much. He understood the old man's meaning, worshipped him and left. A few days later, the old man disappeared. He then asked Zhang to resign and return to China. (from the original story)
Major achievements
calligraphy
He's works are regarded as treasures by calligraphy lovers. There are few ink paintings left, and there are still Long Rui Palace stone carvings and Japanese classics cursive script on the south slope of Wan Wei Mountain in the southeast of Shaoxing City.
He's calligraphy is good at cursive script. Dou Yuan's Shu Shu Fu says, "The mountains and lakes descend, the tourists work wildly, the pen is exquisite, and the number of words is not much, like flowers in the spring forest, but I am worried about writing it." Dou Meng's note: "Every time (he) tries hard, he writes good Chinese characters, or 300 words, or 500 words. Poetry and pens are only used by him ... suddenly beneficial, competing with nature, not artificial."
The Dou brothers criticized the famous books of the Tang Dynasty, but they greatly praised He's "contending with nature, which was not made by man", which shows the reputation of He's calligraphy at that time. Li Baiyou's "Thinking of seeing the guests off to the moon" says: "The flowing water in Jinghu Lake is clear, and the fanatics return to the boat. If the Taoist priests in Yin Shan meet, they should write a yellow court for the white goose. " Tell the world.
Among the calligraphy works handed down from ancient times, the ink marks include the cursive script "The Book of Filial Piety" and the stone carving "Long Rui Palace". "The Book of Filial Piety" is full of vertical strokes, with dragons and snakes dancing in one go, shining brilliantly. Take Li's meaning slightly, and blend in to seek greatness. The rigorous style of Tang people and the graceful demeanor of Jin people had a great influence on the calligraphy style in the late Tang and Song Dynasties.
poetic sentiment
The existing poems 19 are mostly sacrificial movements and poems to be written.
Including A Poem by Willow Branches, Song of Picking Lotus, Answering Courtiers, Two Letters of Returning Home, Xiaofa, Sending the Army away, Feng Hesheng said that Master Ji Xian gave a banquet with ink words, Shunhe said, Watching People's Peach Blossoms and Plums, and Taihesheng said that he was patrolling the border.