12. Read the following Song Ci, and then answer this question.
Guanhe order
Zhou Bangyan ①
When it is cloudy in autumn, gradually change direction. Become a cold palace. Listen to the cold, the clouds are deep and there is no wild goose shadow.
Deeper people go into silence. But the lonely lights in the mirror set each other off. The strong wine is gone. How did you stay up until dawn?
Note ① Zhou Bangyan (1056-1121): Mei Cheng, a native of Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang). (2) Cold sound: autumn sound, such as wind, fallen leaves and insects. Goose: The ancients thought that geese could pass books.
(1) Judging from the first sentences of Shangjue and Xiajue, what is the clue to write this word? Please briefly explain.
A: It was written with the passage of time as a clue. The scene written by Shang Kun took place during the day when "it gradually turned to the ground"; The writer's difficulty in falling asleep has gone deep, and people are empty, and the night is still.
Analysis: The answer based on time is given 1 point, and the answer that can be briefly explained is given 2 points. Just answer the meaning correctly.
(2) Briefly analyze the author's mood in this poem.
A: The author expresses homesickness and loneliness in his poems. The writer in the uptown stood in the yard waiting for news from his relatives, but what he expected was "no wild goose shadow"; The author of Xiatan wanted to drown his sorrows by drinking, but when he woke up, he added troubles, so he lamented and deepened his loneliness.
Analysis: If you answer emotions, give 2 points; Can analyze performance, give 3 points.
Appreciate:
Based on the change of time, this word shows the author's sad loneliness caused by people leaving empty houses in late autumn. The author intends to write about the mood and feelings, but the main pen and ink is about the environment. The bleak and cold environment in the daytime soaks the hero's sadness, and the quiet and cold environment in the middle of the night soaks the hero's loneliness.
At the beginning of the word, a melancholy autumn scenery is introduced, which is rainy and rainy, and occasionally clears up. However, it is already dusk, which is actually like a materialized traveler's state of mind, and it is rare to have a moment of sunshine. In such an environment, lonely travelers, in the silent guest house, are suffering from a cold infiltration, thinking of relatives and friends. Suddenly, a long sound came faintly from the clouds, which seemed to be the voice of Hongyan; However, looking around the sky, the clouds are harmonious and there is no sign of geese.
Through the film "deeper people go silent", the upper and lower films are naturally connected, and the poetic context is further promoted. The word "people are gone" suddenly comes out, which describes the impermanence of travel companions born on the journey, and the more it can set off the bitterness of being away from their loved ones. At the same time, the word "people go" also echoes the lonely lamp and drunkenness below. The impromptu party was ruined, and only the dim light of a solitary lamp cast a shadow on the powder wall. At this moment, people wish they were still drunk. Sadly, it happened that the wine was already awake, and it was the most difficult for sober people to spend a long night, and homesickness came at the same time. Poor people in this situation! This word does not have the author's usual gorgeous color, but only a faint cold tone.
The word, formerly known as Shangqingfen, originated from ancient Yuefu, with a sad tune. Ouyang Xiu used this song to fill in his homesickness, and the first sentence was "Close the river and look at the place of sorrow". Zhou Bangyan took the word "Guan He" and named it "Guan He Ling", which means homesickness. From then on, the title, music and lyrics are consistent. This word not only conforms to the rhythm, but also is good at casting words and making sentences "Autumn is cloudy and sunny", a word "when" means it has been cloudy for a long time, and temporary sunny is rare. The sentence "Listen to the cold sound" is particularly subtle and vivid. If you are cold, the sound of autumn. In late autumn, the groans of everything in the bleak cold wind can be called cold sound. In this word, a lonely traveler stood in an empty courtyard and listened attentively to the cold voice, which turned out to be the whine of a goose traveling outside the cloud. The song changed from faint to clear, and when it flew overhead, it was recognized as a wild goose in the sky. When the hook caused infinite homesickness, the shadow of the wild goose was covered by dense clouds. Even the geese flying south are covered by thick clouds, which is a miserable scene. Almost every word between the lines is not deliberately pondered. It can be said that although the whole article is an ordinary text, the deep feelings contained in it are very powerful. This is also a great beauty of Zhou Bangyan's ci.
The naturalness of this word is mainly manifested in its plain language, vivid image, and the integration of people and things, feelings and environment. Therefore, Ge Zi commented: "Its meaning is far-reaching and its spirit is vigorous." (Preface to Selected Poems of Seven Schools in Song Dynasty).
(National New Curriculum Standard Volume)
(2) Reading ancient poems (1 1)
Read the following Tang poems and complete questions 8-9.
In spring, Qin is nostalgic.
Zhou pu
In the wilderness, I hope to disappear, and the water lingers in distant villages.
Cattle and horses put more spring grass, and Harada plowed ancient monuments.
It's late in the snowy mountains, smoke from cooking stoves is accompanied by sunset, and the shadows of trees are faint.
Wan Li Huangsha, it's hard to look back at Qinyuan.
[Note] ① Zhou Pu (? ~ 878): The word is too simple. He is from Xing Wu (now Zhejiang). 2 destroy the soul; It is described as extremely sad here. ③ Water mirror: a tributary of Weishui, belonging to Qin State in central Shaanxi. Lingering: winding.
8. How does this poem express the poet's feelings? Please make a brief analysis (5 points)
A: It shows a feeling of remembering the past and hurting the present. In spring, the poet looks to the other side, but there is no spring grass, only ancient monuments, and the road for travelers is full of yellow sand. He thought of how strong Qin was then, but now the national situation in the Tang Dynasty is declining, and his eyes are desolate, so the feeling of "unbearable looking back" arises spontaneously.
9. How do you think this poem deals with situational relations in writing? (6 points)
A: ① Touching the scene; ② Feel in the scenery; (3) Write a sad scene to express grief.
A brief analysis of poetry;
This is a nostalgic poem, and the first sentence points out that the author's feelings are extremely sad, which is caused by the scenery he saw in the wild: the water mirror is winding and leaning against a distant village; Because cattle and horses graze too much, there is not much grass in spring; No one cultivates the fields in vilen, only the ancient monuments of the Qin Dynasty are still there, which can prove the prosperity here. It's getting late. Clouds are around Cangshan Mountain, and the smoke is accompanied by the sunset. The green trees are particularly dim, and the road for travelers is full of yellow sand. Seeing this desolate scenery, I think of how powerful Qin was then, and then I think of the decline of the Tang Dynasty. The sight is desolate, so the feeling of "unbearable looking back" arises spontaneously.
Poetry expresses nostalgia for the past and hurt the present with the help of water mirrors, spring grass, ancient monuments, Cangshan, sunset, green trees and yellow sand. In the scene processing, he expressed his lament for the decline and fall of the Tang Dynasty with his unique desolate scenery. The neckline is anthropomorphic and the scenery is nuanced.
(Tianjin Volume)
14. Read the following poem and answer as required. (8 points)
Rainstorm Song Huayue
The black clouds in oxtail pour thick ink, and the wind and rain blow the axle.
The surging waves instantly rolled up the beach, and a hundred thousand troops roared down the waterfall.
The shepherd boy lives in Xixi Canal and invades Niumuxi North.
Rushing across the stream in the rain, the rain suddenly cleared and the mountains were green.
-"Siku Quanshu"
(1) How effective are the words "Juan" and "Hou" in the third and fourth sentences? Please analyze this poem. (2 points)
(2) Please appreciate the sentence "The rain suddenly clears, the mountains are clear and the waters are beautiful" in combination with the whole poem. (3 points)
(3) Some people say that the fifth and sixth sentences of this poem can be placed at the beginning. What do you think? Why? (3 points)
The reference answer (1) shows the rapid situation when the shower comes from a visual point of view. Write about the strength of the shower from the perspective of hearing.
Second, the rain comes and goes quickly, and the sunshine is hidden in the poem; The mountains are green and the water is green, which describes the changes of the scenery before and after the rain, implying the shepherd boy's relaxed mood because the rain stopped;
Third, it is not good. At the beginning, the shower is the first, which echoes the shower at the end, reflecting the artistic ingenuity of the author's layout. If the fifth and sixth sentences are put at the beginning, the shepherd boy will become the focus of description, diluting the artistic effect.
All right. The first is to write about the carefree situation of the shepherd boy, to set off the tense scene of the first shower, to provide readers with a reading perspective and enhance the immersive artistic effect. In the present order, it is slightly abrupt in expression.
The first question of test analysis examines refined words. The second question examines the appreciation of a sentence. The third sentence examines the layout of the article.
The college entrance examination center appreciates the image, language and expression skills of literary works, and evaluates the ideological content of the article and the author's views and attitudes.
Error-prone reminder that the expression used in the second question cannot be analyzed, mainly because the understanding of the expression is mainly limited to the general understanding, and no specific analysis is made.
(Chongqing Volume)
12. Read the following poem and then answer this question. (6 points)
Cross the river
[Ming] Zhang Bi
The Yangtze River has attracted several concerns, and the storm is like an old guest worrying about a new guest.
Xifei was busy with me during the day and went to Qingshan to sneer at southerners.
Lonely pillow can't win the dream of my hometown, and I still carry the dust of the imperial city.
My friends fell down, and all the stars were scattered, singing for Sha Ou.
(1) What are the manifestations of "Hakka worry" in poetry? Please summarize. (4 points)
Answer: I am busy (I am busy), I am lonely (lonely pillow), I miss my hometown (hometown dream), and my friends are scattered (making friends).
Analysis: the first association plays a general role, and the keywords related to anxiety performance are summarized from other associations.
(2) Point out the role of Image in Yin Zhi Shen. (2 points)
A: Sha Ou is flying everywhere, which sets off the author's loneliness and drift.
Analysis: Sha Ou is an image that poets often use to express their sadness because of wandering. For example, Du Fu's "One Night Abroad", I hope my art can bring me fame and free my sick old age from public office! . Flying around, flying around, what am I like, just a sandpiper in the vast world! . "The poet expressed his grief at the scene. Water and sky are one color, Sha Ou fell, and people moved to rivers and lakes like Sha Ou. The same is true of this poem, which sets off the author's loneliness and drift with Sha Ou's Flying Everywhere.
Poetry translation: I have passed the ferry at the head of the Yangtze River several times, and the storm in the river is still as before, but I have added new worries. On the boat, I saw that I was busier than I was during the day when I was flying west, and the green hills heading south gave me a cold smile. I went to sleep alone, but I was awakened by the dream of missing my hometown. The shabby clothes are still stained with the dust of the capital. Friends are scattered all over the country like stars. Facing Sha Ou flying on the river, I immediately felt sad when I thought of his lonely and wandering situation.
(Jiangsu Volume)
Iii. Appreciation of Ancient Poetry (10)
9. Read the following Tang poem and then answer this question.
Li Bai in spring
Du Fu
Li Bai's poems are unparalleled, and his superb creativity is far beyond ordinary people. Li Bai's poems are the fresh wind of Yu Xin's poems and the backbone of Jun Zai's works.
Now, I am alone on the spring tree in Weibei, and you are on each side of the sun, sunset and sky in the southeast, and you can only miss. When can we have another drink and discuss our poems?
Note: Yu Kaifu and Bao refer to the famous poets Yu Xin and Bao in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Weibei and Jiangdong: refers to Chang 'an area where Du Fu was then and Li Bai's south bank area in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Thesis: This refers to the theory of poetry.
(1) From which three aspects did the first four sentences of this poem give Li Bai a high evaluation? (3 points)
A: Talent, poetic style and poetic quality; Outstanding and extraordinary Or "thinking without group", "Bi Yuxin" and "Bi Baoxi"; "Poetry is invincible".
Analysis: this question is puzzling and confusing, and it seems that it must be answered according to the proposer's proposition intention. This is an act of forcibly driving the duck off the shelf. First of all, there is a problem with "what kind of high evaluation". Isn't "height" just "what kind of evaluation" Secondly, judging from the relationship between the four sentences, the first sentence is a summary sentence, and the last three sentences are further explanations of the first sentence: the second sentence is "talent", and the third and fourth sentences are "poetic style". Is there a third aspect? In desperation, in order to cater to the proposer, I wrote the word "poem". Do you dare to say that I answered wrong? But this answer is still a little uneasy, because you don't cater to the proposer, so if you think about it, it's still like this: "thinking without group", "than Yu Xin" and "invincible than Bao Xin". However, I think this answer is irrelevant. The topic requires three aspects. It must be a general term. This "Bi Yuxin" and "Bi Baoxi" are not nouns! Let's do it, just try your best to answer. As for the result, we don't care so much.
⑵ What thoughts and feelings are expressed in the couplets of "Spring Trees in Weibei, Twilight Clouds in Jiangdong"? What kind of expression is used? (4 points)
A: This couplet expresses the author's deep thoughts about Li Bai. Use the expression of combination of reality and reality.
Analysis: If the examinee has not learned this poem, it is difficult to do it by annotation alone, because the modern examinee has no practice and can't imagine. As far as the teacher is concerned, these two sentences are sometimes difficult to understand, so the estimated good answer is the idiom of blending scenes. If you understand this connection, it should be considered correct to say "don't hate" in your thoughts and feelings and "personification", "symbol" and "duality" in your expression.
(3) Tell me about the idea of this poem. (3 points)
A: The author started with Li Bai's poetic talents and explained the reasons for missing him. Then naturally express their feelings for Li Bai; To this end, he expressed his desire to meet again and discuss poetry. Layers of bedding, interlocking, sincere feelings
Analysis: To answer this question, we must first make clear the meaning of "conceiving context", that is, the thinking of writing, that is, what to write first, then what to write, and finally what to write. What is the advantage of this idea, so it often corresponds to the level of the article and the score assigned to the topic. Only by reviewing the questions well can we answer them well. This poem can be divided into three layers with distinct levels. This question should be easy to answer.
(Fujian Volume)
(3) Reading ancient poems (6 points)
6. Read the following poem and answer the questions. (6 points)
Hu Xiaozhi Shang Yi
Calendar stork
The city has just broken dawn, and standing by the water makes me feel a little quiet.
Mist hung over the water as if it were connected with the sky.
Two reeds are stacked with sound, and the distant mountains are light and shadowless.
Soon, the morning began, and the boat and Pan in the distance were in the water.
Andrew learned the wild, and generally chased the three scenes.
(selected from Selected Poems of Qing Dynasty)
[Note] ① Lake: West Lake in Hangzhou. 20% off: bending. Scene 3: Shadow.
(1) This poem is full of emotion, please analyze it. (3 points)
A: Yes.
(2) Please appreciate the expression skill of "Reed moves with the sound, and the mountains are dim and shadowless". (3 points)
A: Yes.
Answer (1) Key points: ① Love quiet: "quiet people", "cold fog" and so on; (2) Close to nature: "Get the moon by being close to the water" and "See the dawn"; 3 yearning for freedom: "learning from the wild" and "chasing the clear scenery"; (4) temporarily unable to obtain a free account: "Ande". (the meaning is right. )
(2) Key points: ① Contrast: Compare "sound" with "shadow", write the vision far away, and highlight the depth and breadth of the landscape at different levels. (2) Duality: the "distant mountain" is "folded", and the close-up view is combined with the long-term view; From "moving sound" to "light without shadow", the combination of hearing and vision; Beautiful rhythm (or rich image, or distinct layers), profound and broad artistic conception, elegant (or quiet and fresh). (Other opinions can be justified. )
This topic examines the ability to appreciate the ideological content, language and expression skills of ancient literary works. The ability level is E-level.
To analyze the first topic, we should start with the image of the poem, find out the nouns marked with the author's emotion, and dig out the "emotional language" hidden in the author's "landscape language". This problem is not difficult to solve. The poem of the second subtitle is easy to understand. The topic is quite open and there are several answers. The key is to answer questions around expression skills. As long as it is justified and reasonable, you can score.
(Zhejiang Volume)
Third, reading ancient poems.
(2) Read the following words and complete question 2 1-22. (7 points)
Recently in love? Cross the border
Nalanxingde
Today, the ancient rivers and mountains have not explicitly refused, and horses come and go with the sound of painting horns. Everything is desolate, who can speak? The west wind blows the old Danfeng. Once upon a time, there were countless grievances, such as Ma Tiejin Ge and Qingcheng Evening Road. I love it deeply, and the mountains shine in the autumn rain.
What are the characteristics of the beginning of the word 2 1.? (3 points)
Always guide the whole word and point out the main idea; Discussion begins; Set the emotional tone.
22. Analysis of the expression of underlined sentences. (4 points)
(1) Ask with emotion and answer with scene.
(2) Turning the abstract feeling into an image scene enhances the lyrical effect of the whole poem.
The combination of the three images of "deep mountain", "sunset" and "autumn rain" euphemistically expresses the poet's inner loneliness and melancholy.
(Hunan Volume)
10. Read the following ancient poems and complete the topic. (7 points)
Haruki Xiyuan Takasaki
The green pond grass is full of sunny waves, and the spring scenery has passed the rain.
I know people have all the flowers. There are many butterflies in the vegetable field today.
Please appreciate this poem from any angle.
Answer: Answer angle prompt:
From the perspective of language: we can analyze the overall language style; You can also grasp the words "full", "excessive" and "knowledge" to analyze the refined words.
From the perspective of images, we can use the images in poems to make a concrete analysis. You can also analyze the characteristics of the combination of reality and reality, both static and dynamic.
From the perspective of performance skills, we can analyze artistic techniques such as painting, rendering and setting off; The characteristics of inheritance can also be analyzed syntactically.
From the perspective of evaluating the ideological content of the work, we can analyze the author's attitude towards Spring Sunset and evaluate the intention of the dark dot "West Garden" in the last sentence.
If the answer is not in the above angle, but reasonable.
Analysis: This topic is about the appreciation of ancient poetry, with optional angles and great openness, which is the biggest highlight of this set of papers. It is no longer "what to ask and answer", but "what to answer", which gives candidates full autonomy in answering questions. There are four angles: image, language, skill and emotion.
Children of bad karma in senior three. . . I just had a miserable year.
The library is a good place to make good use of.