The lead-in of Chinese class is an art, and a good lead-in often has the effect of "finishing touch" ... She turned the tuning pin and tested several strings, and even before she played, we could feel her feelings. It can not only quickly concentrate students' attention and throw themselves into the new learning situation with great interest, but also stimulate students' curiosity, lay a good foundation for the whole classroom, make the whole teaching activity vivid, lively and natural, and improve learning efficiency. Comenius, a famous educator, once said: "Interest is one of the main ways to create a happy and bright teaching environment." ① Import methods include: music infection, suspense interest, front-back care, creative situation, poetry, story attraction, couplets, summary interest, etc.
Chinese classroom teaching is an art, classroom introduction is an art in art, "a good beginning is half the battle", and the prologue of each class directly affects the efficiency of classroom teaching.
As the saying goes, drums need to be hammered again. If a lesson is a drum, then lead is the first hammer of a heavy hammer. We must be resolute and vigorous, and the voice will directly hit the students' hearts, so that the students' thinking will have a spark of wisdom in the collision, and the interference of other courses' continuous thinking or psychological distractions will be eliminated, so that students' attention will be quickly concentrated and they will be enthusiastically involved in the new learning situation. Music infection introduction, suspense interest introduction, before and after reference introduction and situation creation introduction are the best four methods, which can make the whole teaching activity vivid, lively and natural and improve learning efficiency. There are various forms and methods of classroom lead-in. The following is my own teaching practice and lecture summary:
First, the introduction method of "music infection"
Music Music can produce a happy mood, cultivate people's sentiment, and guide students to enter the text happily and accept new knowledge by means of music. In poetry classroom teaching, the introduction method of "music infection" has a good effect. By playing music that is in harmony with the emotional rhythm of the poems taught, students can be brought into an aesthetic atmosphere and better understand the artistic conception of the poems. When teaching Nian Nujiao's Red Cliff Nostalgia, it is more difficult for students to grasp the artistic conception of reading poetry because they are not interested in poetry. So, how to create a situation in the classroom to introduce this magnificent and bold work? First of all, you can play the theme song of Romance of the Three Kingdoms with teaching tapes. Deep and vigorous music brings students into the thrilling atmosphere of war in Ma Benteng. The fierceness, tension and adventure of the war, the battle of wits and wits between the various war groups and the vivid image of Zhuge Liang's silk scarf and strategizing can be seen vividly. The strong melody leads students to feel the heavy history, and students are full of interest in learning and look forward to the start of the new curriculum. You can also use multimedia and projectors to show the style of Chibi and stimulate students' interest. Professor Nian Nujiao's "Red Cliff Nostalgia" can also play this poem and Wang Wei's "Bird Sound Stream" to students, and bring them into an aesthetic atmosphere and start their aesthetic perception through the dual functions of music and reading. The sharp opposition between the two poems and the style of Xinle left a deep impression on students' aesthetic hearing, and their respective literary styles were also precipitated in students' brains with the help of aesthetic perception, so that students could sum up the word "bold" for the style of Nian Nujiao. Another example is Peacock Flying Southeast. I used "butterfly lovers" to introduce music, rendering a touching atmosphere, so that students were immediately infected. Introducing music infection can make students really "enjoy" learning. Reading aloud with music can enhance the image of lyric masters.
Second, the introduction method of "suspense arousing interest"
Setting suspense in the lead can attract students' attention, expand their thinking span and make them feel "angry" and "anxious" when speaking. In this way, students' thinking is in an ideal state of longing from the beginning. For example, in the lesson of "Cautioning Teacher Qin with the Power of Candle", students' interest is stimulated by "36 strategies", and then suspense is set by asking "Which of the" 36 strategies "is used in this paper". In research-based learning, we can use the lead-in method of "suspense arousing interest" to carefully design questions and realize multiple solutions to one question, which is easy to stimulate students' interest, because the answer is not unique, as long as it is reasonable. For example, Peacock Flying Southeast can raise several discussion topics. 1. Why on earth did you leave Jiao's home? 2. Why didn't Liu Lanzhi promise to marry the satrap's son at first? 3. What is the real reason for Liu Lanzhi's double suicide? "The heroines are smart, beautiful, hardworking and intelligent, so why on earth are they abandoned?" Arouse students' curiosity, and combine the ancient cultural knowledge "Women's Seven Musts" in The Book of Rites and related examples, so as to achieve active and in-depth study of this article. For another example, when teaching Blessing, you can use "Is Sister Xianglin suicidal or homicide" to set the suspense lead-in. Results The students answered a lot and the classroom atmosphere was very active. As long as it is reasonable, it should be fully affirmed. Students are highly motivated and have a strong sense of participation.
At the same time, we should pay attention to the skills of asking questions. Sometimes there are many ways to ask questions about the same topic, which can open the flexibility of students' thinking. For example, the later generations' view of Wujiang's suicide: Du Mei's view is that "there are many talented people in Jiangdong" and "it is unknown to make a comeback". That's not a hero. "It is a man who is ashamed" because it is a hero's behavior to be "ashamed" in order to make a comeback. Unfortunately, Xiang Yu didn't know how to sum up the lesson until his death, but he was attributed to "poor times" and was really ashamed of his "hero" name. Li Qingzhao's "Summer quatrains" said: "Life is a hero, and death is also a ghost hero. I think of Xiang Yu now and refuse to cross Jiangdong. " . There is also Wang Anshi's "Tiaojiang Pavilion": a brave man who is exhausted after many battles mourns, and it is difficult to return to the Central Plains after a defeat. Although the children of Jiangdong are here today, are they willing to make a comeback for the king? What are the views of Li Qingzhao and Wang Anshi? Li Qingzhao spoke highly of Xiang Yu's refusal to cross the river east. In this poem, Wang Anshi answered Du Mei's question, indicating that the overlord of Chu was defeated militarily because of a series of political and military mistakes at that time, and the situation at that time was irreparable. Even if Xiang Yu returned to Jiangdong, it would be difficult to rally his troops and make a comeback.
Why do the three poets have such different views on Xiang Yu's death?
Du Mu is the son of a noble family. Du Mu's grandfather Du You was a prime minister and a famous historian. I have received strict education since I was a child, studied literature, politics and economy, and am ready to make up for it. Dumei had a poor career in his early years and suffered a lot in his middle age. Therefore, in his view, as long as we treat victory and defeat with a normal heart and sum up the lessons of failure, we will definitely "make a comeback." Look at Wang Anshi again. He was a famous politician and writer in Song Dynasty. During his tenure as prime minister, he carried out new laws and reformed politics, and made certain achievements. However, the new law touched the interests of aristocratic bureaucrats and big landlords, who United against the New Deal and failed in innovation. In this case, Wang Anshi put forward the view that even if the situation is urgent, even if you start all over again, because failure is a foregone conclusion and there is no support, you can't turn defeat into victory.