Hui Jian Painting in The Portrait of Zhuge Liang (Nanxun Hall in Qing Dynasty)
The question is: Does it belong to Nanyang, Henan or Xiangyang, Hubei? In fact, it involves the changes of administrative divisions since ancient times.
In a blink of an eye, nearly two thousand years have passed, and the historical changes of these two thousand years are enormous. It is said that in the past thirty years, Hedong, Hexi and Longzhong have also experienced many changes in the ownership of administrative regions in the past two thousand years.
The land in Longzhong, as Zhuge Liang's farmland, is not difficult to determine, that is, it is located in Xishan, about 20 miles west of Xiangyang City today. There is no doubt that today's Longzhong belongs to Xiangyang.
But historically, today is not the case. Jingzhou governed eight counties in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Four Counties in Jiangbei: Nanyang 1, under the jurisdiction of Wan (now Nanyang City, Henan Province). 2. Zhang Ling ruled in Zhang Ling. 3. Nanjun is under the jurisdiction of Jiangling. Jiangxia is under the jurisdiction of Xiling.
Four counties in Jiangnan: 1, Wuling. 2. Changsha 3. Guiyang. 4. Lingling
Tan Qixiang: Atlas of Chinese History, administrative division map of Jingyuan three years (262).
Longzhong in Zhuge Liang's farming period still belongs to Jingzhou, but more precisely, it is Deng County under the four counties in Jiangbei under Jingzhou. (There is a place name in Longzhong in the red circle above, indicating that it belongs to Deng County in the northeast. The ancient place name was ink, but today the place name is vermilion)
So Zhuge Liang said in the "model":? I am dressed in cloth and cultivated in Nanyang? This statement is correct.
If you plow in Jingzhou, the chassis of Jingzhou is too big, and it is difficult to determine where it is.
If Deng county is cultivated, the place name of Deng county is too small to be known.
Farming in Nanyang is a better choice.
In fact, there is another consideration, that is, the historical position of Nanyang in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty, revived the Han Dynasty. Restore my great-grandfather's career and set an eternal autumn? , from nanyang arise. So Nanyang is called the Eastern Han Dynasty? Dixiang? In the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was once the place second only to Luoyang. Di cheng? .
Zhuge Liang said that? Nanyang plough? Isn't it Mr. Xie's inner reflection, thinking about reviving the Han Dynasty and pursuing a prosperous time of martial arts?
After reading Cao Zhi's On the Advantages and Disadvantages of the Second Ancestors of the Han Dynasty, Zhuge Liang expressed his views on Liu Xiu, Guangwu Emperor:
Cao Zijian on Guangwu:? A general is harder than Han Zhou and a counselor. ? As soon as people spoke, they agreed. I really want to be beautiful with this statement, but I falsely accuse a generation of handsome difference. What? Chasing twenty-eight generals for sightseeing, I went down to Ma Yuan, loyal, brave and all-encompassing. Therefore, Zhang and Chen are particularly prominent in the former, because they are more generous from the emperor, so they are better than faithfulness, and Peng and Bo are more rampant. What is the language? Qutu began to pay for that man, who was burned for the guests? Although this statement is small, it is like the second ancestor. Guangwu God cares a little and was born in the heavenly heart, so there is nothing to think about, and there is nothing to come out of the "six wonders", so he seeks common ground while reserving differences and becomes king.
From this article, we can know that Zhuge Liang spoke highly of the advisers under the account of Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu, and thought that the 28 generals of Yuntai under Emperor Guangwu, whether military commanders or civil servants, were comparable to Sean, Han Xin and Chen Ping under the high-impedance Liu Bang. Zhuge Liang's recognition of these civil servants and military commanders shows that he is quite familiar with the history of the early Eastern Han Dynasty. Twenty-eight generals of Yuntai under the rule of Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiuzhi were mostly at that time? Dixiang? Nanyang people.
To sum up,? Longzhong? There is a place not far from the west of Xiangyang city today. During the Three Kingdoms period, this place really belonged to Nanyang County. Because Nanyang was widely known in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhuge Liang said? Nanyang plough? It is not only a clear expression, but also a potential embodiment of Kong Ming's ambition to restore the Han Dynasty.