The long grass is so lush that the withered grass will thicken the color of the grass every autumn and winter.
Wildfire can't burn it out, but the spring breeze can revive it.
Weeds and wild flowers are all over the ancient road, and the end of the grass in the sun is your journey.
I once again sent my bosom friend, and the thick grass represented my deep affection.
Eternal famous sentence: Wildfire never completely devoured them, and they grew tall again in the spring breeze.
Creative background: Farewell to Fude Guyuan Grass was written in 788 AD (the third year of Zhenyuan in Tang Dezong), when the author was sixteen years old. This poem is an exam-oriented exercise. According to the rules of scientific research, the word "Fu" must be added to any limited poem topic at present, which is similar to chanting things.
2,' Peach Blossom in Dalin Temple'
In the world of April, the flowers have withered, and the peach blossoms in the ancient temples have just bloomed.
I want to find a place where my life is dying, but I don't know that it has been moved here.
Ancient famous saying: the beauty of the world is in April, and the peach blossoms in the mountain temple.
Creative background: Bai Juyi, born as a scholar in the Tang Zhenyuan period, used to be the secretary of the provincial school, and later some officials stayed to collect the remains, which is a spring breeze. Who knows that during his career as a Beijing official for several years, he was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima by the court because of his outspoken advice and offending dignitaries. Bai Juyi, as Jiangzhou Sima, once faced with vicissitudes of life, we were all unhappy-to the ends of the earth, a pipa girl, in his poem Pipa Xing. This feeling of vicissitudes of life is naturally integrated into the artistic conception of this little poem, which gives the poem Peach Blossom in Dalin Temple a metaphorical color of vicissitudes of life.
3, "Memorize Jiangnan Good"
The scenery in Jiangnan is very beautiful, and the picturesque scenery has long been familiar.
When spring comes, the sun rises from the river, the flowers on the river are brighter than red, and the green river is greener than the blue grass.
How can we make people not miss Jiangnan?
A famous saying throughout the ages: the river is red at sunrise, and the river is green as blue when spring comes.
Creative background: Bai Juyi served as the secretariat of Hangzhou for two years, and then as the secretariat of Suzhou for more than one year. When he was young, he roamed the south of the Yangtze River and lived in Suzhou and Hangzhou. He knew Jiangnan like the back of his hand, so he was deeply impressed. He returned to Luoyang from Suzhou for more than ten years, and wrote three poems "Recalling Jiangnan", which is one of them.
4,' Qiantang River Spring Tour'
From the north side of Gushan Temple to the west side of Jiating, the lake is just level with the embankment, with low clouds and waves on the lake.
Several early orioles raced to the sunny tree, and their new swallows were carrying mud in their nests.
Colorful spring flowers will gradually fascinate people's eyes, and shallow spring grass can barely cover the horseshoe.
I love the beauty on the east bank of the West Lake, and I can't get enough of it, especially the white sand embankment under the green poplar.
A famous saying from ancient times to the present: flowers are getting more attractive, but shallow grass can have no horseshoe.
Creative background: In July of the second year of Changqing in Tang Muzong (822), Bai Juyi was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou, and in March of Bao Liyuan in Tang Jingzong (825), he was appointed as the secretariat of Suzhou. Therefore, this song "Qiantang Spring Tour" was written in the spring of the third and fourth years of Changqing (823 and 824).
5,' Mujiangyin'.
A sunset gradually sank into the river, half green and half green.
The loveliest thing is the ninth day of September. The bright pearl's bright crescent moon is shaped like a bow.
A famous saying from ancient times to the present: poor September third night, dew like a pearl like a bow.
Creation background: This poem was written by Bai Juyi on his way to Hangzhou for the second year of Changqing (822). At that time, the court politics was dark, and the party struggle between Niu and Li was fierce. The poet tasted the taste of being an official and asked to go abroad. The author felt relaxed and carefree after leaving the imperial court, so he wrote this poem.
6. "A suggestion for my friend Liu"
There is a glimmer of green in the old bottle and a hint of red in the quiet stove.
With dusk and snow coming, how about a glass of wine?
There is a feeling of snow outside at dusk. How about a glass of wine inside? ?
Creative background: Bai Juyi wrote "A Gift to a Friend Liu" when he lived in seclusion in Luoyang in his later years, entitled "Thinking of an Old Friend at Night". Liu Shijiu was a friend of the author when he was in Jiangzhou, and the author wrote a song "Liu Shijiu Sleeps Together", saying that he was Chu Shi of Songyang. Some people think that this poem was written in the twelfth year of Yuanhe (8 17), but the poet is Sima in Jiangzhou (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi), so it is impossible to invite Luoyang's old friends to drink.
7. On the Pool
A child propped up the boat and secretly picked the white lotus back.
He didn't know how to hide the trail. The duckweed on the water left a boat on the trail.
Eternal famous saying: if you don't understand the hidden marks, duckweed will bloom together.
Creation background: According to the collation of Bai Juyi's poems, this poem was written in the ninth year of Daiwa (835), when Prince Shaofu was building his capital in Luoyang. One day when I was swimming by the pool, I saw a monk playing chess and a baby punting and wrote this group of poems.
8, "Look at the wheat cutting"
The Tian family has less leisure in the month, and people are twice as busy in May.
In the evening, the south wind rises and the wheat turns yellow.
Mother-in-law and daughter-in-law, accompanied by pot pulp, went with the battlefield, and Ding Zhuang was in Nangang.
It is full of rustic heat, burning the back and burning the sun, not knowing the heat, cherishing the long summer.
There was a poor woman with her son by her side, an ear in her right hand and a basket hanging from her left arm.
Listening to his words of concern is very sad.
My family's taxes are gone, so I can take this to satisfy my hunger.
What are my advantages today?
I have never been involved in farming and mulberry.
There are 300 stones in the land, and there is surplus food at the age of 20. I am ashamed to read this in private, and I can't forget it every day.
A famous saying from ancient times to the present: Tian Jia is less idle in the moon, and people are twice as busy in May.
Creation background: The poem Seeing the Wheat Harvest was written from 805 (the first year of Tang Xianzong Yuanhe) to 806 (the second year of Yuanhe). It is a poem written by Bai Juyi when he was a county magistrate in Kun County, Shaanxi Province (now zhouzhi county, Shaanxi Province), and he felt that the local people were hardworking and poor. This is a famous satirical poem written by the author in his early days. The county commandant is responsible for catching thieves and collecting taxes in the county. It is precisely because Bai Juyi is in charge of this matter that he knows best the disasters suffered by the working people in this regard.
9,' Handan winter solstice homesick day and night'
Every winter solstice, I am accompanied by the shadow in front of the knee lamp.
If you want to sit at home late at night, you should also talk about travelers.
Famous sayings throughout the ages: Every winter solstice of Handan Post, I am accompanied by the shadow in front of the knee lamp.
Creation background: This poem was written at the end of the twentieth year of Zhenyuan in Tang Dezong (804). The author is thirty-three years old and is the secretary of the provincial school. On the solstice of winter, the court will have a holiday, and the people are also very lively, wearing new clothes, giving each other food and drink, congratulating each other and celebrating the festival. Bai Juyi was on a business trip and stayed in Handan Post Office for one night, so he wrote this poem out of emotion.
10, selling charcoal Weng
An old man selling charcoal cuts wood and burns charcoal in the mountains in the south all year round.
His face was covered with dust, which was the color of smoke burning, his temples were gray, and his ten fingers were burnt black.
What is the money for selling charcoal for?
Buy clothes, buy food in your mouth.
Pity that he is wearing thin clothes, but he is worried that charcoal can't be sold, hoping it will be colder.
At night, it snowed a foot thick outside the city. Early in the morning, the old man drove a charcoal wheel to the market.
Cows are tired and people are hungry, but the sun has risen very high. They are resting in the mud outside the south gate of the market.
Who is that proud man riding on two horses?
It was the eunuchs in the palace and eunuchs who did it.
The eunuch, with documents in his hand and the emperor's orders in his mouth, shouted at the petrified palace.
A load of charcoal, more than 1000 kilograms, eunuch attendants to drive away, the old man is helpless, but there is no way.
Those people put half a piece of red yarn and a piece of silk on their heads as the price of charcoal.
A famous saying throughout the ages: the hand is called a document, and the cow returns to the car to attract the north.
Creative background: The Charcoal Man is the thirty-second poem in Bai Juyi's "New Yuefu" series, with a note: "Miyagi also." Bai Juyi wrote "New Yuefu" in the early years of Yuanhe (Tang Xianzong year, 806-820), which was the most harmful time in the court market. He has a good understanding of the court market and deep sympathy for the people, so he can write this touching "charcoal man". The word "palace" in "palace market" refers to the palace, and "market" means buying. The items needed for the palace were originally purchased by officials. During the mid-Tang Dynasty, eunuch tyranny was rampant, and even this purchasing right was seized. There are often hundreds of people who are distributed in the east and west cities of Chang 'an and busy neighborhoods, buying goods at low prices, or even not paying a penny, and extorting "portal money" and "foot price" from "Jinfeng". The name "Miyagi" is actually an open plunder.
1 1, it snows at night.
This night, the pillow was ice, which surprised me. I saw the light snow outside the window.
It's late at night until it snows heavily, because you can hear the sound of bamboo branches breaking from time to time.
A famous saying throughout the ages: Know that it snows heavily at night and smell the sound of bamboo breaking.
Creative background: Bai Juyi's Snow at Night was written in the winter of the 11th year of Yuan Dynasty in Tang Xianzong (8 16). The poet was 45 years old at that time, and his official position was Jiangzhou Sima. At that time, Bai Juyi was banished to Jiangzhou for writing a letter about the assassination of the Prime Minister. In the cold and silent night, the author felt the snow outside the window and felt more and more lonely, so he wrote this song "Snow at Night".
12, White Chrysanthemum in Double Ninth Festival
A yard full of golden chrysanthemums with a bunch of flowers in the middle, the flowers are so lonely.
Just like today's feast, the old man went to the place where the young man went.
A famous saying through the ages: Today is like a song banquet, and Pulsatilla enters the juvenile court.
Creative background: This poem was written by the author in his later years when he was drinking and enjoying chrysanthemums with guests on the Double Ninth Festival. Written in the year of Daiwa (835). Bai Juyi's poem "Chongyang Banquet with White Chrysanthemum" is novel and unique, with rich words. The whole poem expresses the poet's interest in his youth, even though he is old. It is interesting to compare people with flowers.
13, flowers are not flowers.
Say it's flowers, not flowers, say it's fog? Not fog.
It came in the middle of the night and left at dawn.
When did a short and beautiful spring dream come?
When they leave, they are like clouds in the morning.
A famous saying throughout the ages: how long will it be like a spring dream? When they leave, they are like clouds in the morning.
Creation background: There are two poems in Bai's "Changqing Collection", namely "True Mother's Tomb" and "Bamboo Slips Poetry", both of which are mourning works. This poem "Flowers Are Not Flowers" is the same volume as the above two poems, which was later compiled. The poem "Flowers Are Not Flowers" was written for the same purpose at about the same time as the poem "Bamboo Slips". According to poetry, the past is beautiful, just like a dream, no more sighs.
14, it rains at night
I miss a person, far away from home.
I felt something, and it was deeply rooted in my intestines.
I can't be far away from home, and I don't look forward to it every day.
I can't solve the problem in depth and don't think about it every night.
What's more, I stayed alone in the empty hall this evening.
Autumn is unknown, rain and dust.
If you don't learn Buddhism, you can forget your peace of mind.
The famous sentence of the ages: autumn is unknown, and the wind and rain are gray.
Creation background: This poem was written in Yuanhe six years, when Bai Juyi was forty years old. As can be seen from "Leaving a Room Alone", this poem is written for a woman who loves the author. According to Zhou's textual research, this person is Xiang Ling, the "east neighbor of Shan Juanzi" mentioned many times in Bai Juyi's poems. The whole poem runs through Bai Juyi's big, simple and wonderful style. Although it is about love and missing, it is not as graceful as most love poems. The delicate atmosphere is not deliberate, but an emotion and a natural feeling.
Nanpu Bie 15
In Nanpu's bleak drudgery, the autumn wind is bleak.
Turn back immediately, my heart is broken, so I can leave and don't look back.
A famous saying throughout the ages: when you see heartbroken, you can't go back.
Creative background: This farewell poem is as light as water, slowly pouring out the deep feelings of parting. The poet carefully depicts the most expressive details in the farewell process, and the description seems to be "in everyone's heart", such as the farewell eyes and the kind and sad words, which most people have personal experience, thus touching the readers' heartstrings, producing a strong * * * sound and giving an unforgettable impression.
16, Looking at the Moon in the Night Pavilion on August 15th.
On the evening of August 15 last year, next to the apricot garden by Qujiang Pool.
On the night of August 15 this year, in front of Songpu Shatou Water Hall.
Where is the hometown in the northwest and the full moon in the southeast.
Yesterday, the wind blew and no one would meet. Tonight, the light is as clear as usual.
The famous sentence of the ages: where is the hometown in the northwest and where is the full moon in the southeast.
Creative background: After reading the poem, I can't help but be moved. Bai Juyi reproduces his sadness in such a changeable way that I can't help but marvel at the poet's poetic skill and depict the invisible sadness in his heart between scales!
17, Cold Food and Wild Hope
The crow makes the trees faint, and the Qingming cold food cries.
The wind blows the paper money in the wilderness, and the spring grass in the tomb is green.
Pear blossoms reflect poplar trees, full of parting places.
I don't hear the heavy spring crying, but the rustling rain makes people return.
A famous saying through the ages: Pear blossoms reflect poplar trees, all of which are parting places.
Creative background: Cold food and Qingming especially advocate the custom of sweeping graves. Cold food and sweeping graves were very popular in the Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi's poem "Cold Food and Wild Hope" describes the scene of sweeping graves. The crow makes the trees faint, and the Qingming cold food cries. The wind blows the paper money in the wilderness, and the spring grass in the tomb is green. Pear blossoms reflect poplar trees, full of parting places. I don't hear the heavy spring crying, but the rustling rain makes people return. From this poem, we can not only see the bleak and tragic scene of sweeping graves, but also see that cold food and Qingming are the same thing in the custom of sweeping graves in Tang Dynasty. Indeed, at this time, some wandering poets and poets will be homesick.
18, the feeling of full moon
Since the Henan War, water transportation has been blocked, there has been famine everywhere, and our brothers have also been displaced, each in one place.
Because of the feeling of looking at the moon, I talked about my book and gave it to the Fuliang brothers, Yu Qian brothers and Wujiang brothers, as well as Liv and his brothers and sisters.
The family business is in a year of disaster, and the brothers are scattered.
After the war, the countryside was deserted and the flesh and blood fled to a foreign land.
The injured shadow is like a lonely wild goose, wandering like a broken-rooted autumn canopy.
* * * Looking at the bright moon and crying, for the heart, five places, all sick and willing.
Eternal famous sentence: my fields and gardens were destroyed by war, and my flesh and blood became the scum of the street.
Creation background: This poem was written between the autumn of 799 and the spring of 800. At that time, the poet went to Fuli (now Suzhou City, Anhui Province) and wrote the poem "Crossing Liugou Temple after the chaos", and Liugou Temple was in Fuli. The "brothers and sisters" mentioned in the title may be separated from the poet himself, so there are five places altogether. In the spring and February of 799 (the fifteenth year of Zhenyuan), Xuanwu (now Kaifeng City, Henan Province) saved Dong Jin's subordinates from rebellion after his death. In March, Zhang Yi (now runan county) made Wu Shaocheng rebel again. The Tang court sent sixteen military forces to attack, and the war took place in Henan. The counterinsurgency war is large in scale and long in time. This is the "Henan Jing Luan" mentioned in the poem. At that time, the southern water transport mainly passed through Henan Pass. Because of the "chaos in Henan", the "hunger in Guanzhong" was achieved. At the time of man-made disasters and natural disasters, the countryside is deserted and the flesh and blood are separated, so the poet can't help but feel sad and sad for his country. This autumn, Bai Juyi was paid tribute by Xuanzhou secretariat. The following spring, he was admitted to Chang 'an and then returned to his hometown. This poem was written in this period.
19, "Yang Liuzhi Ci"
The spring breeze swayed the willow branches in the wind, and the tender buds gave off a light yellow softer than silk.
Always in the west corner of Fengfang, never a day, whose willow is this?
A famous sentence from ancient times to the present: in the barren garden in the west corner of Yongfeng, no one belongs to anyone all day.
Creation background: As for this poem, there was a harmonious poem in Yinlu Town, south of Henan Province at that time, and the preface said: "There is a weeping willow in the southwest corner garden of Yongfeng Square, which is very elastic. Bai Shangshu once wrote poems, which were introduced into Yuefu and spread all over Kyoto. Recently, there was an imperial edict to plant two branches in the forbidden garden. I know that ten times the price increase is not empty talk. " Yongfeng Square is the name of Luoyang Square, the eastern capital of Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi lived in Luoyang in 842 AD (the second year of Huichang in Wuzong) and lived there until 846 AD (the sixth year of Huichang). In 844 AD (the fourth year of Huichang), Lu Zhen became Henan Yin in July in Luoyang. It will take some time for the poem to be written and spread to Kyoto, and then it will be written to Luoyang and Lu Zhen by imperial edict. It can be inferred from this that Bai's poem was written from 843 to 845 (Huichang three to five years). After transplanting Yongfeng willow, he also wrote a poem "Requiring Yongfeng willow species to be forbidden in the garden".
20,' White Clouds in Spring'
The white clouds on the peak of the white clouds spread freely and the spring water flows quietly.
Baiyun Spring, why did you rush down the mountain to the waves of many things in the world?
Ancient saying: why rush down the mountain, add waves to the world.
Creative background: From the year of Bao Liyuan in Tang Jingzong (825) to the second year, Bai Juyi was the secretariat of Suzhou, and his government affairs were very busy and complicated. He felt very free. Facing the leisurely white clouds and springs, I can't help but envy myself by comparing my situation that "the mind is a form of service". Since Bai Juyi was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima as an official in the tenth year of Yuanhe (8 15), my ambition to save the world and my spirit of struggle have gradually decreased, while my thought of "being content with peace" and being immune to it has gradually increased. When he was appointed as the secretariat of Suzhou, he deeply felt that "there are many public and private affairs, and he is eager to get rid of annoying common things as soon as possible, so he wrote this poem to express his feelings."