Jinling nostalgia
Liu Yuxi
The tide is full of smelting city Zhu, and the sun is inclined to sign the pavilion.
Cai Zhou's new grass is green, and the shogunate is old and smoky.
Prosperity and waste are caused by personnel, mountains and rivers and empty terrain.
The song "backyard flowers" is unbearable.
In the winter of the second year of Bao Li (826), Liu Yuxi returned to Luoyang from Hezhou via Jinling. Judging from the scenery in the poem, this poem may have been written in the early spring of the following year.
"The tide is full of smelting city, and the sun is inclined to sign the pavilion." The first couplet is about the morning scene and the evening scene. The poet came to the riverside to look for the ruins of Yecheng, the former site of Soochow smelting, just as the early tide was rising and falling, the water and the sky were the same, and the wind and waves were full of Sichuan. Where is the famous historic site Yecheng in Wu Gou? The poet wandered around looking for it, but he looked around blankly. Only the lapping sound of Jiang Tao and the desolate scene by the river. It seems to tell people that the ambitions of Ye Cheng and Wu have already disappeared without a trace in the long river of time. In the evening, the deer pavilion stood alone in the oblique light, accompanied by only a long shadow cast on the ground. The lively ostentation and extravagance that Xie Shijia, the king of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, once sent off here has long since disappeared. Although the pavilion and sunset are still the same, the personnel are completely different. The first two sentences of the poem subtly reveal the contrast of ups and downs from the scenery, which makes the poem stick to the theme as soon as it is written, and naturally reveals the feeling of mourning the past and hurting the present.
"The new grass in Cai Zhou is green, and the old smoke in the shogunate is green." Although the couplet is still written about scenery, the scenery written here is not only a praise of historical traces, but also a praise of magnificent mountains and rivers, thus vividly expressing the poet's understanding of a historical issue. You see, although the time series is chilly in spring, new green grass has grown in Caizhou, a warship with a light heart. Known as the gate of Jinling, the Mufu Mountain faces Wangjiang, and the smoke from the top of the mountain is curled up, and the scene remains the same. In the face of the surging river, the poet remembered that the Eastern Jin warlord, the Soviet Union, had attacked Jinling in an attempt to establish hegemony by virtue of obstacles. Soon Tao Kan and Wen Qiao rebelled here and sailed 40,000 times in Cai Zhou. At that time, we looked at each other, all over the sky colorful flags, fighting for days. Finally, we defeated the Soviet army and made the Jinshi room a safe place. He still remembers that Shogunate Mountain was named because Prime Minister Wang Dao had set up a Shogunate garrison here. But once upon a time, the Eastern Jin Dynasty was replaced by Liu Song, and Liu Yiji, the king of Hengyang, became the secretariat of Southern Yanzhou. Since then, this mountain has become the ancestral home of the nouveau riche in Liu Song. Have the mountains and rivers changed in the ever-changing history? No, what the poet still sees is that the spring grass is green every year, and the old smoke is new every year. This combination of ancient and modern events and immediate prospects is a whole, and the words "new grass green" and "old smoke green" are vivid and vivid, blending scenes and scenes, paving the way for the feelings behind.
"The rise and fall are caused by personnel, and the mountains and rivers are empty." The neck joint is connected with two joints, and the discussion is turned. The poet revealed the secrets of the rise and fall of the Six Dynasties in extremely refined language, warning the world. Where did the prosperity of the Six Dynasties go? Where are all the powerful people at that time now? Mountains and rivers are dangerous, which does not provide guarantee for long-term stability; The rise and fall of a country depends on personnel! In this couplet, the poet thought for thousands of miles, made his own big speech, and put forward the outstanding opinion that the existence of the country is "in Germany, not in danger". Later, Wang Anshi's "Jinling Nostalgia" is the second of four poems: "The heavenly soldiers came to this bridge river in the south, and the enemy refers to the fall at that time. The mountains and rivers are magnificent and empty, and the king SHEN WOO is unparalleled. " That's from this. Explain that the discussion is high and the knowledge is outstanding.
At the end of the couplet, "flowers in the garden" is a song, which is miserable. The emperors of the Six Dynasties all died of natural disasters and indulgence. Have the lessons of history been remembered by future generations? The poet's "Flowers in the Garden of Yushu" is still popular today, suggesting that the rulers of the Tang Dynasty indulge in pleasure and follow in the footsteps of the Six Dynasties, with disastrous consequences. Flowers in the back garden of Yushu.