1. "Crouching dragon, phoenix chick, whoever gets one of them can conquer the world" comes from which poem?
It comes from "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", a sentence said by Mr. Sima Hui: " Crouching dragon and phoenix chick, one of them can bring peace to the world."
1. Character introduction:
1. Introduction to Sima Hui: Mr. Shui Jing Sima Hui, Sima Hui was a famous bachelor in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, and famous celebrities like Pang Degong, Xu Shu, Han Song, and Shi Tao They had a close relationship and were nicknamed "Shui Jing" by Pound. Most of the scholars in the late Eastern Han Dynasty pursued fame and wealth, but Wolong and Fengchu lived in seclusion and did not easily seek refuge with others. The two of them were also appreciated by Mr. Shui Jing, who considered them to be capable ministers in governing the world.
2. Introduction to "Wolong": Wolong comes from the praise of the fledgling Zhuge Liang in "The Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms: The Biography of Zhuge Liang": "Zhuge Kongming is also a Wolong."
"Three Kingdoms·Book of Shu·Biography of Zhuge Liang" says: After Zhuge Xuan died, Liang and his younger brother Zhuge Jun worked hard in Nanyang... There was a hill where they lived, named Wolong Gang, because they called themselves 'Wolong' Sir, this is "people are named after places".
Wolong is a metaphor for outstanding talents who live in seclusion or have not yet shown their prominence.
Introduction to "Fengchu": Pang Tong (179-214), courtesy name Shiyuan and nickname Fengchu, was born in Xiangyang, Jingzhou (now Xiangyang, Hubei) during the Han Dynasty. An important counselor under Liu Bei during the Three Kingdoms period, he was worshiped as military advisor Zhonglang General with Zhuge Liang. He went to Sichuan with Liu Bei, and when Liu Bei and Liu Zhang broke up, he proposed three strategies, upper, middle and lower, and Liu Bei took them into account. When he entered Luoxian County, Pang Tong led his troops to attack the city. Unfortunately, he was killed by a stray arrow. He was only thirty-six years old at the time. He was posthumously granted the title of Marquis of Guannei, with the posthumous title of Jinghou. Later, the place where Pang Tong was buried was named Luofengpo.
2. Understanding of the phrase "crouching dragon and phoenix chicks, one of them can bring peace to the world":
Mr. Sima Hui has already made it clear: one of the crouching dragon and phoenix chicks can bring peace to the world. He also said: Although Wolong found his master, it was not at the right time.
1. If you get one of them, you can settle the world. The key lies in "getting one of them". If you "get one of them", then either one of the two will follow the established policy established by them in an orderly manner. Steady advancement, such as Zhuge Liang's "Longzhong Dui", he will make a targeted plan to capture Sichuan while ensuring that Jingzhou is safe, advance steadily, seize Xichuan, and then "wait for changes in the weather, and use one to "We will raise the troops from Jingzhou and drive directly towards Wanluo", and Liu Bei will also "lead the troops from Yizhou, leave the Xiegu Valley, and drive directly towards Chang'an". With a two-pronged attack, Cao Wei will be able to survive without destruction, but will the Han Dynasty be in peace? However, after acquiring Pang Tong, Pang Tong was eager to make meritorious deeds. When Zhang Song was killed and the plot of taking Sichuan was revealed, he did not listen to Zhuge Liang's good advice and advanced rashly, greedy for merit and eventually died in Fengpo. At this time, Liu Bei, who was alone and deeply involved in the battle, "went nowhere" "Reinforcements, retreat will lead to defeat." If he retreats to Jingzhou, he will not be able to make another plan to take Sichuan in the short term. In this case, Zhuge Liang hurriedly took Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun to rescue him, leaving only Guan Yu and his son to guard Jingzhou, and the proud Guan Yu finally lost Jingzhou because of his carelessness, and Zhang Fei, Liu Bei, and Huang Zhong died for revenge one after another. They even lost all the military power of Shu, and their vitality was severely damaged. Liu Chan, the successor leader, was also incompetent, and Zhuge Liang left all political and military affairs in the country. After one person's hard work, a generation of heroes finally fell, and Shu Han could no longer recover. In other words, if Liu Bei only gets Pang Tong, Pang Tong will definitely come up with a set of practical strategic policies and gradually advance them to achieve great things. Therefore, the Crouching Dragon and Phoenix chick can only get one of them, but if it gets the second one, something will happen, and haste makes waste! ! ! !
2. Besides, "Although Wolong got his master, it was not at the right time." Mr. Sima Wei has already pointed out that although Zhuge Liang was able to fully display his talents and ambitions under Liu Bei, he could not swallow " Cao Cao, who had occupied Tianshi, and Sun Quan, who had occupied Jiangdong for three generations and had unique geographical advantages, could only compete with them at best, forming a three-legged situation. Regarding this point, Feng Gongjiu, another hermit during the Three Kingdoms period, had already made it clear to Zhuge Liang when he consulted him before he came out of the mountain. In addition, it can be seen from Huainan Xuzi's comment about Cao Cao that he is "a capable minister in troubled times and a traitor in troubled times". People like Cao Cao who have the ability to govern in troubled times can only become reviled by thousands of people just to protect themselves in troubled times. "Treacherous heroes", Zhuge Liang and Pang Tong (at least not seen in the book), who have no ambitions, can help Liu Bei, who always "thinks about the welfare of the world, and spreads benevolence and righteousness all over the world", what kind of career can they create?
Therefore, although Liu Bei got two talents at the same time, "one of them can settle the world", his fate of failure was inevitable in the end. 2. "Crouching Dragon and Phoenix"
Zhuge Liang and Pang Tong are both top strategists in Luo Guanzhong's novel "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", and are called one "dragon" and one "phoenix".
The great hermit Sima Hui once praised: "Fu Long and Feng Chu, if two people get one, they can settle the world." So what is the difference between their talents? Liu Bei once had both dragons and phoenixes, so why was he still in trouble? Scholar Wang Honghua recently gave a new and profound commentary on these issues during his lectures at Tsinghua University and other universities.
1. There are differences in time, space and yin and yang in counselors’ talents. There are four counselors with extraordinary relationships in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms": Cheng Yu, Xu Shu, Zhuge Liang, and Pang Tong. Not only did they have a relationship with Mr. Shui Jing, Sima Hui, but they were also humbled by the "ten times" difference in talent and knowledge.
In fact, like Liu Bei’s brothers with different surnames, Zhuge’s brothers with the same surname, Cao Cao’s mixed brothers with the same/different surnames (Xiahou), Sun’s father and brother, and the Sima family, they belong to the same alumni type group. It's just that the cooperation is relatively loose and invisible, and is limited to the spiritual level of promoting philosophy from neo-Legalism to neo-Confucianism, and then to a mixture of Confucianism and Legalism.
Their so-called "ten times" difference is mainly reflected in: 1. Time difference. Experts often have a far-sighted vision, can keep their composure, and make their debut later.
The order of appearance of the four of them is also Yu, Shu, Liang and Tong. 2. Space difference.
Exalted people often have strong control capabilities and a large management scope, so there are sayings such as talents of ten miles, talents of hundreds of miles, and talents of thousands of miles. Their initial military exploits were indeed like this. Cheng Yu captured Dong'a County, Xu Shu captured Fancheng, Zhuge Liang captured Jingzhou, and Pang Tong captured Xichuan.
But we will soon discover that the lifetime achievements of Cheng Yu and Zhuge Liang are much greater than those of Xu Shu and Pang Tong. What is the reason for this? It turns out that there is a third difference between them - the difference between yin and yang.
The "ten times" mentioned above are all superficial graduation examination results. We can call them resourcefulness or conspiracy. But in actual combat, there will be people who violate loyalty, filial piety and trustworthiness, and use tactics or conspiracy.
Among the four, Tong and Shu are only good at Yang strategy, while Liang and Yu are both good at conspiracy, with Liang being higher than Yu. Those who focus on conspiracy are often loyal and obedient, while those who are good at conspiracy are often rebellious.
What needs to be explained here is that "usurpation" is a scourge for rulers, but for the living body of "nation", it is an essential yin and yang, that is, metabolism. Just distinguish between reasonable and unreasonable.
Furthermore, soldiers never tire of deceit. Sun Tzu even said that his own schemes are all tricks. Therefore, yin and yang, like loyalty and rebellion, have no advantages or disadvantages. The key lies in balanced control and rational use. To be precise, conspiracy belongs to the category of psychological tricks.
However, in the feudal society where yang was superior and yin was inferior, conspiracy could not be learned from teachers or books. It could only rely on self-understanding and independent research and development. But once you have it, you can win unexpectedly and change your destiny.
Cheng Yu and Zhuge Liang stood out from the rankings because of their comprehensive strategies. Pang Tong was completely loyal to Liu Bei at first. He first went to Soochow to form a tripartite response with Zhuge Liang and Xu Shu to defeat Chibi and save Liu in a curve.
So as soon as the Battle of Chibi ended, Pang Tong went directly to Liu Bei. In order not to embarrass Liu Bei, he was willing to start from the bottom and was not eager to produce the recommendation letters from Lu Su and Kong Ming.
Sure enough, he conquered Liu Bei with his true talent and learning in Leiyang, and Kong Ming had to admit that Pang Tong was ten times taller than himself. It can also be seen from this incident that if Pang Tong really wanted to join someone's team, he would always find a way.
If you don’t even have the skills to get in, how dare you call yourself a “phoenix chick”? I think back then, Cao Cao's water stronghold could be entered and exited at will. He bumped into Sun Quan during his "interview" at Soochow, just to get away without offending anyone.
Regarding Zhuge Liang, the author has discussed in detail in articles such as "Decrypting the Structure of the Three Kingdoms and Five Parties in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms" that he had the ambition to oppose Liu Bei and conquer the world before he came out. This is also " People asked Kong Ming what his ambition was, but Kong Ming just smiled and didn’t answer.” But the rebellion of the four brothers is completely reasonable, so I won’t go into details here.
2. Zhuge Liang first invited Pang Tong, and then wanted to depose Pang Tong. Zhuge Liang was able to help Liu Bei win Jingzhou, but faced Xichuan, which had a "powerful people and dangerous land", he had nothing to do. He didn't know how to persuade Liu Bei, who was pretending to be benevolent, to usurp Liu Zhang, and he didn't dare to fight another Chibi Battle for Xichuan.
So he took the opportunity to pay tribute to Zhou Yu and went to Soochow to invite Pang Tong, who was superior to him. (Kong Ming’s other purpose here is to continue to abide by the estrangement in front of the Liu family clan members, in order to cover up his differences and maintain his image of foolishness and loyalty.)
After that, one of them defended Jingzhou and the other attacked Xichuan. At the same time, he became Liu Bei's right-hand man. Pang Tong was indeed more talented than Kong Ming. He realized that Liu Bei had to pretend to be benevolent and righteous when taking Jingzhou, because he wanted to gain Liu Zhang's favor in the future, but when he came to Liu Zhang, he could completely break up and "force the palace".
Theoretically, he could easily convince Liu Bei with just four words: "take advantage of the opposite and obey the rule". In terms of martial arts, he only used Huang Zhong and Wei Yan, two "last generals" that Kong Ming did not want, to achieve the breakthrough in Xichuan.
However, just when Xichuan was sure to win and was accomplished, things took a turn. Kong Ming sent a death threat letter to Pang Tong. This move is very similar to Cheng Yu's previous deception of Xu Shu. Cheng Yu took advantage of Xu Shu's filial piety to first kidnap Xu's mother and then recruit Xu Shu to surrender.
Zhuge Liang used Pang Tong's loyalty to Liu Bei and Liu Bei's love for Pang Tong to first shake Liu Bei's heart and then destroy Pang Tong. The two conspirators were like volleyball players, dunking the ball between the two opposing players, forcing them to make turnovers in the give-and-take.
What happened is this: Peng Yi, a man from Guanghan, tipped Liu Bei that someone from the enemy wanted to use the water of Fujiang River to flood the front stronghold of Wei Yan and Huang Zhong. He also said: "The Gang Star is in the west, and Taibai is here. Something bad will happen, so be careful."
This information not only saved the lives of tens of thousands of people in Liu Bei, but also killed the enemy's mastermind. Lingbao turns bad luck into good luck. So who created this dangerous situation? It's Liu Bei.
Sichuan general Lingbao had been captured alive by Wei Yan before, but Liu Bei wanted to release him. Wei Yan said: "This person cannot be put back.
If he escapes, he will never come back." Xuande said: "I treat others with benevolence and righteousness, and they will not let me down."
In a life-and-death frontier, at a critical moment when the advantage has not yet been established, it is really ridiculous to be able to abuse benevolence and justice without considering the actual situation. Since benevolence and righteousness can be exchanged for benevolence and righteousness, is there any need to exchange it for benevolence and righteousness? Since benevolence and righteousness can be exchanged for benevolence and righteousness, why didn't Cao Cao give you an inch of land? It can be seen that Liu Bei has fallen from being a scholar to being a fool. The Liu family's genetic disease has broken out, and he is no longer the Xuande who can distinguish between true benevolence and falsehood when dealing with Cao Cao.
If it weren’t for Peng this time. 3. Stories about the Crouching Dragon and the Phoenix
1. "The Crouching Dragon and the Phoenix will bring peace to the world." This is the view of those around Zhuge Liang who are familiar with them, and does not represent the views of the people in the world. They are very strong, but there are many wise people in the world, such as Cao Cao's Guo Jia, Xu Shu, Xun's uncle and nephew, Cheng Yu, Sima Yi, Xi Zhicai, etc. are all talented people from all over the world. Soochow has Zhang Zhao, Zhang Hong, Zhou Yu, Lu Xun, Lu Meng, Lu Su and other Jiangdong heroes. These people are not much different from the "crouching dragon and phoenix chick", like Guo Jia, Sima, Xun's uncle and nephew, Xi Zhicai, Zhou Yu and others are basically at the same level as Wolong Fengchu.
2. The actual situation that the north is strong and the south is weak will not change just because Wolong and Phoenix are in Xishu. In ancient China, the north has always annexed the south. This is because the north is stronger than the south in terms of politics, economy, military, culture, science and technology. China's center of gravity began to move southward after the Wei and Jin Dynasties, while the southwest was even less developed. . The "Land of Abundance" only means that the land in the Sichuan Plain is relatively fertile, but it is far behind in other aspects.
3. Liu Bei lacks talents. Among the three kingdoms, the one most lacking in talents is Shu. Why do you say that? In the early stage, although there were the Five Tiger Generals and Crouching Dragon and Phoenix Chu, that was all, plus Fazheng, Wei Yan, Yan Yan, Li Yan and others. However, Cao Wei had far more generals than Xi Shu. What about Zhang Liao and other five good generals? , Xiahou and other four dragon generals, as well as other "thousands of good generals", and civil servants and counselors are even more capable. What about Shu? When the five tiger generals died one after another, only the old Zhao Zilong and Wei Yan with ulterior motives were left. What other good generals were there? There are even fewer civil servants and counselors. The popular saying that "there are no generals in Shu, Liao Hua is the vanguard" is a true portrayal of Shu. The important point that Zhuge Liang is criticized for is that he does everything by himself and is unable to cultivate reserve talents. He is not as talented as the Cao Wei Dynasty, and even not as talented as Soochow.
Of the above three points, the second point is actually the most critical.
/f?kz=18701223 4. Crouching Dragon and Phoenix
Liu Bei won both Zhuge Liang and Pang Tong, so why did he fail to win the world?
Liu Bei seems to have great ambitions to conquer the world, he is a generous and kind man, and he never gives up in his work. In fact, he does not have the grand ambition to rule the world, and he does not have the powerful martial arts to defend himself against the enemy. He only knows He engages in personal grudges, appeases his subordinates, pleases everyone, and even plays political tricks. He neither understands justice nor uses talents. He is just a mediocre person with a small virtue.
Zhao Zilong single-handedly fought tens of thousands of Cao's troops, risking his life to protect Adou from the encirclement. Liu Bei was already very anxious if he did not reward Zhao Zilong for his righteousness and bravery, but he deliberately threw Adou to the ground in front of him and said, "You are a little boy, how can you harm one of my generals?" It seemed that he valued Zhao Zilong more than Adou. , making Zhao Zilong burst into tears of gratitude and playing tricks of personal grudges.
Until his death, he still played emotional games with Zhuge Liang, who was loyal, dedicated, and devoted to the founding of the country, saying that he was "ten times as talented as Cao Pi, and he will definitely be able to help the country and settle major events." , If the heir is capable of assisting, he will be assisted. If he is not talented, you can become the master of Chengdu." He knew clearly that Zhuge Liang could not violate the laws of heaven and do such a treasonous act to usurp the throne, but he deliberately promised this, scaring Zhuge Liang. The blood flowed all over his body, his hands and feet were overwhelmed, he cried and bowed to the ground, and his head was bleeding." Liu Bei then calmly spoke to the officials again, "I have entrusted Gu Gu to the Prime Minister and ordered his heir to serve as a father. Please do not neglect me and let me down. ." He also told Zhao Yun, "Look at my son sooner or later, and don't betray my words." The changes before and after show his broadmindedness.
What is a small virtue? What is a great virtue? Cao GUI's words to Duke Qi Zhuang were very thorough. Cao GUI asked Duke Zhuang on what conditions he wanted to fight. Zhuang Gong said, "If you dare to provide food and clothing, you must divide it among people." Cao GUI said, "If small benefits are not provided everywhere, the people will not follow them." Zhuang Gong believed that if you do not enjoy food and clothing alone, you will not be able to enjoy them alone. Share it with others, and you will surely win the hearts of the people. Cao GUI told him that it was impossible for everyone in the world to receive such small favors, and it would not win the hearts of the people.
Everyone in power, whether an enterprise owner, a company CEO, or an official in a township, a county, a city, a province, or even a country, all have the desire to stand out, create achievements, and dominate the world. . However, you must not imitate Liu Bei, who relies on small favors and personal emotional investment to support his career. It can win a few people's hearts, but it is impossible to unite the hearts of the people. Only by treating the people as equals, putting yourself among the people, working for the people, and benefiting the people can you be a great virtue, win the hearts of the people, and accomplish great things.
Moreover, Liu Bei did not trust Zhuge Liang at all, and did not take him with him when he sent troops to Hanzhong. To put it bluntly, he asked Zhuge Liang to lose face to replace Liu Chan. You gave me a chance before you died, and I will definitely not agree to it. , do you want to be a loyal minister? Then you will be embarrassed to usurp the throne.
As for Pang Tong, can he still succeed politically with Zhuge Liang here? Luo Fengpo's death was just a suicide of despair 5. History of the Three Kingdoms, Wolong and Fengchu
First, Fengchu people are arrogant and arrogant.
He has always wanted to surpass Zhuge Liang in terms of talent, so Liu Bei died when he entered Sichuan. In addition, he also found a mentor for Liu Bei to become famous.
At that time, Liu Bei relied on people and people. Cao Cao controlled the time and Sun Quan controlled the geography. Therefore, if Liu Bei wanted to conquer Shu, he had to have a good reputation.
Therefore, Pang Tong chose to sacrifice himself to give Liu Bei a chance to become famous. Secondly, because of Feng Chu's death, Zhuge Liang had to lead troops to support Liu Bei, so later generations carelessly lost Jingzhou.
In addition, when Zhuge Liang came out of the mountain, Sima Wei once said that although he had found the master, it was not at the right time. Third, Zhuge Liang's Longzhong is against 3 points of the world.
Liu Bei won Jing and benefited 2 states. The first road is from Shuchuan, the first road is from Jingzhou, and the second road is sent to the middle, the world can be settled.
As a result, Guan Yu caused Jingzhou to be occupied by Soochow because of his arrogance. This caused Liu Bei to go out to Shuzhou to avenge Guan Yu and was defeated, which directly affected the foundation of Shu.
In addition, Liu Bei is a talented person. Cao Cao once said to Liu Bei that the heroes of the world are you and Cao. This shows that Cao Cao attaches great importance to Liu Bei.
There is really too much to say. If you still don’t understand, you can ask.