Tianjingsha? Melancholy Qiu Si
Dead vines, old trees, faint crows,
Small bridges and flowing water.
The ancient road, the west wind and the thin horse,
The sun went down,
Heartbroken people are at the end of the world.
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At dusk, a group of crows landed on an old tree with withered vines and made a piercing cry.
Under the small bridge, the running water jingles, and the farmhouse next to the small bridge raises smoke.
Poetry is a highly generalized language, which expresses life and feelings with rhythm. To express feelings, images are often used to set off a specific artistic conception, which requires poetry to pay attention to the use of colors, the contrast of colors and the change of light, thus creating a strong sense of color for readers and forming a vivid artistic conception beauty.
Since ancient times, poetry has used color to describe and shape the tradition of expressing emotion with images. There are some sentences in The Book of Songs, such as "White dew is frost" and "Why is grass not yellow". Tang poetry uses color to create artistic conception, and its expression has reached the point of perfection. For example, Li Bai's poem "An impenetrable shadow, and now the sun and the moon shine on the platform of gold and silver", Du Fu's poem "Two orioles singing green willows and a row of egrets flying into the sky" and Bai Juyi's poem "The river is red and the spring is green as blue" are typical examples.
Then, how does poetry use color to shape images and set off artistic conception?
We know that the color used in literary works is no longer a simple natural color, but a color language that incorporates the author's subjective feelings. It is often composed of words that represent colors and words that represent colorful things, such as "safflower" and "blue waves". Qin Guan used two sets of colors in Dream, "The warbler pecks at the flowers and the swallowtail waves are wrinkled". The yellow mouth pecks at the red flowers, and the black tail points to the green waves. Bright and harmonious colors can not only directly arouse readers' association with colors, but also further increase the artistic beauty of poetry. From this poem, we can also see that the poet pays great attention to collocation in color, so that various images set off each other and make each other interesting, which is also a common artistic technique used by many poets. For example, Du Fu's "Wild trails and clouds are all black, rivers and boats are all bright", and Li He's "Black clouds crush the city, while real armor shows the sun" all use large pieces of black and dark tones as the background color and bright light as a touch dye. Tones are very different, forming a bright picture, giving people artistic enjoyment. In addition to the contrast between black and white and light and shade, there are often two colors of red (warm) and green (cold) in ancient poetry, such as "the mangrove trees and green hills are dying, and the grass in the long suburbs is endless" (Ouyang Xiu's Wandering in the Wind Pavilion), "green and fat and red and thin" (Li Qingzhao's Dream) and "there is more new green among the branches, and Xiao Lei hides a little red". These authors may use "red" to compare "green" and make "green" more prominent; Or use "green" to support "red" and make red more dazzling; Or red and green set each other off, and the images are clear, reaching the perfect realm of "painting in poetry and poetry in painting".
Some poets use the same intonation, but they are different in tone. For example, "The child was in a hurry to catch up with Huang Die, but he flew into the cauliflower, and there was nowhere to be found" (Xugong Store, Yang Wanli New Town). Melt light yellow into deep yellow, and butterflies and flowers blend together.
There are also poems written by poets, which outline the background with colors and make the realm of poetry broader and more vivid. For example, the poem "Bai Xuege Farewell to Tian Wu's Home" begins with "The north wind rolls white grass, and eight In the snow crosses Tatar Day. Like a spring breeze, the petals of 10,000 pear trees blow open at night "wrote the spectacle of snow flying beyond the Great Wall in August, and used pear flowers to compare the snow on the tree, vividly sketching a snow scene. Then, the empty and desolate Great Wall, gloomy sky and flying snowflakes form the background of farewell. "Until dusk, when the snow collapses our tent, our frozen red flag can't fly in the wind." In a silvery white world, the poet particularly described the bright red flag. It is so harmonious and beautiful against the background and individual things, and it is really unique in color allocation.
There are also poems that only write scenery without writing color words, but because of the clever combination of various scenery, they can form a certain tone on the whole, so they also have a strong sense of color. Such as "moonlight in pine forest, crystal stone in stream" (Autumn Night in the Deep Mountains by Wang Wei). The shapes and colors of Bright Moon, Pine Room, Clear Spring, and On the Stone are easily reminiscent of: the bright moonlight pours quietly on the pine forest, the clear spring water flows through the rocks ... an elegant landscape painting is presented in front of you. Another example is the northern folk song "Chilechuan", "Chilechuan, under the shady mountain, the sky is like a vault, and the cage covers four fields. The sky is wild, and the wind blows grass and sees cattle and sheep. " Sky, grassland, cattle and sheep, these landscapes with different colors constitute an endless picture scroll, drawing a vast grassland artistic conception.
Appreciating poetry from the perspective of color beauty, we have a deeper understanding of the beauty of poetry.
On the ancient road, a thin horse struggled against the west wind.
All right.