The Wei state in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms includes Cao Cao, Xu Shu, Zhong Hui, Deng Ai, and the Five Tiger Generals (Zhang Liao, Xu Huang, Li Dian, Yu Jin, Le Jin) and others.
Cao Cao
Cao Cao (155-220) was a statesman, strategist, and writer in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. His surname is Xiahou, his courtesy name is Mengde, and his nickname is Ah Ma. He is a native of Qiaojun, Peiguo (now Bo County, Anhui Province). He was born as the eldest son of a big bureaucratic landlord family. Because his father Cao Song was the adopted son of Cao Teng, a regular servant in the Central Military Commission, he changed his surname to Cao. Because of this relationship, Cao Cao had the opportunity to interact with the children of officials since he was a child. Yuan Shao, his future rival, was also Cao Cao's friend when he was young. Cao Cao was seven feet long, with slender eyes and a long beard. He has been bohemian since childhood, but he is very talented, resourceful and good at adapting to changes. At that time, there was a famous scholar in Runan named Xu Shao who was good at commenting on characters. He commented on Cao Cao: "A capable minister in governing the world, but a traitor in troubled times."
After the death of Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty, the general took control of the government as a relative. But when he was killing the eunuchs, he was ambushed. At this time, Dong Zhuo, known as the Wolf of Xiliang, led an army to take over the capital. Soon after Zhuo entered the city, he appointed Liu Xie, the younger emperor's younger brother, as Emperor Xian. Most of the ministers fled Luoyang. Cao Cao also fled to Chenliu, where he gathered rebels and denounced Dong Zhuo.
In the first year of Chuping, all the generals elected Yuan Shao, who had a distinguished family background, as the leader of the alliance to attack Dong Zhuo in the west. However, due to the evil intentions of the generals, the rebel army failed. In this battle, Cao Cao met his future mortal enemy Liu Bei for the first time.
In the third year of Chuping, Dong Zhuo was killed by Wang Yun and Lu Bu. The two of them were captured by Zhuo's subordinates Li Jue and Guo Si. Emperor Xian and a group of ministers took advantage of the chaos to escape from Chang'an, but were hunted down by Li and Guo. Cao Cao accepted Xun Yu and Cheng Yu's proposal and welcomed Emperor Xian to Xuchang. From then on, Cao Cao began to coerce the emperor to order the princes.
Afterwards, Cao Cao conquered the east and west in the name of Xiandi. Successively pacified the Guandong and Guanzhong areas. Liu Bei also became his subordinate. Next, Cao Cao has to face his old friend-Yuan Shao.
At that time, Yuan Shao controlled the four states of You, Ji, Bing, and Qing. He had strong military strength and many brave generals. Although Cao Cao has become the overlord of the Central Plains, he is still far away from Shao in terms of military strength.
In the fifth year of Jian'an, Yuan Shao's army went south and met Cao Bing in Guandu. Finally, Cao Cao used the strategy of surrendering general Xu You and led 5,000 cavalry to attack Yuan Jun's granary. When Yuan's soldiers saw that their supplies had been burned, they were in chaos, and Cao's army took advantage of the situation to attack. Yuan Shao was defeated and fled. The Battle of Guandu established Cao Cao's dominance in the north.
After winning the Battle of Guandu, Cao Cao spent several years stabilizing the north and pursuing the remaining members of the Yuan family (Shao died of illness shortly after his defeat). In the thirteenth year of Jian'an, Cao Cao personally led an army to conquer Liu Biao southward. In the same year, Liu Biao died and was succeeded by his second son Liu Cong. Facing Cao Cao's wolf-like army, Liu Cong decided to surrender. Cao Cao easily took over Jingzhou. Perhaps because it was easy to get Jingzhou, Cao Cao decided to take advantage of the situation and attack Sun Quan eastward. But Quan is not comparable to Liu Cong and others.
The Sun family has occupied Jiangdong since the time of Sun Ce, and has been surrendered to the present. Coupled with the natural dangers of the Yangtze River, the Sun regime has a stable foundation. When Sun Quan received the news that Cao Cao was coming from the east, he held several military meetings. During the meeting, the main war faction and the main surrender faction launched a fierce debate. Finally, after analysis by Zhou Yu and Lu Su, Sun Quan decided to go to war.
In December of the thirteenth year of Jian'an, Sun Quan's army faced Cao's army in Chibi. Zhou Yu used a trick to burn Cao Cao's warships, and Cao Cao's army was defeated. From then on, Cao Cao was unable to launch a large-scale southern expedition. If the Battle of Guandu determined Cao Cao's dominance in the north, then the defeat at Chibi was the only battle in which Cao Cao could dominate the north.
Since then, although Cao Cao has provoked wars on the border of Soochow many times, both sides have won and lost. At the same time, Liu Bei settled in Yizhou in the west and proclaimed himself King of Hanzhong. The momentum of the Three Kingdoms' tripartite confrontation has been established. Even the unparalleled hero Cao Cao could no longer change this fact.
In the 21st year of Jian'an, Cao Cao ascended the throne and became King of Wei.
In the twenty-fifth year of Jian'an, Cao Cao died of illness at the age of sixty-six.
The following year, Cao Pi usurped the Han Dynasty and founded the country under the name Wei. Chasing Cao Cao as Emperor Taizu Wu.
Xu Shu
Xu Shu, whose courtesy name is Yuanzhi, is from Yingchuan County, Yuzhou; his real name is Xu Fu; Study and visit famous teachers. One of Xu Shu's good friends was Sima Hui.
Admiring Liu Bei's benevolence, he joined him and helped Liu Bei defeat Cao's army when they first went south. However, because his old mother was still in Xudu (in charge of Cao Cao's forces) and was threatened by Cao Cao, Xu Shu had to return to Xudu. Before leaving, he recommended Zhuge Liang to Liu Bei and vowed not to make any plans for Cao Cao.
Zhong Hui
Zhong Hui, born in 225 AD and died in 264 AD, was a Confucian general in the state of Wei. His courtesy name was Shiji, a native of Changshe, Yingchuan (now Changgetong, Henan Province), and the son of Zhong Yao, a minister of Cao Wei. He was well-read in his youth, talented and ambitious. He was an important counselor and Confucian general of Sima Zhao. He was proficient in the art of war and had far-reaching plans. In the fourth year of Jingyuan (AD 262), he and Deng Ai divided their forces to destroy Shu, and became friends with Jiang Wei. brother. When he planned to become the king of Xichuan, he was defeated and killed by Wei Guan's troops.
Deng Ai
Deng Ai, born in 197 AD and died in 264 AD, was a famous general in Wei. The courtesy name Shizai was born in Jiyang, Yiyang County (now northeast of Xinye, Henan Province). When Cao Cao occupied Jingzhou, his family moved to Runan (now southwest of Shangcai County, Henan Province). He lost his father in his early years, and at the age of 12, he moved with his widowed mother to Yingchuan (now Xuchang City, Henan Province). Deng Ai came from a humble family, had no ancestral support, and was rarely alone and poor. However, he was a young man with great ambition, smart and studious, proficient in the art of war, and was good at using geography and strategy in battle.
When he was the governor of Yanzhou, he led troops to fight Jiang Wei many times in Qishan, and was awarded the title of General of Anxi for his meritorious service. In the fourth year of Jingyuan (AD 263), he led his troops across the mountains from the Yinping path and made a surprise attack on Chengdu, destroying the Shu Kingdom and creating an epoch-making war miracle in the history of the Three Kingdoms. Later, he was framed by Zhong Hui for treason, and he and his son Deng Zhong were killed by Wei Guan. Sima Yantai, Emperor Wu of the Western Jin Dynasty, was pardoned after the first year of his reign (265), and the injustice was cleared up.
Representative battles:
1. In 249, the attack and defense of Taocheng.
2. In 255, Guanqiu Jian mutinied. 110 times.
3. In 255, the Battle of Taoxi. 110 times.
4. In 256, the Battle of Duangu. 111 times.
5. 257, Battle of the Great Wall. 112 times.
6. In 262, the battle of Hou He. 115 replies.
7. In 263, the battle to destroy the Shu Han. 117, 118 times.
Dian Wei
Dian Wei, a native of Chenliu. Cao Cao's famous general. Use a pair of iron halberds to be extremely brave. When Cao Cao and Zhang Xiu were at war, Dian Wei was stationed at Cao Cao's stronghold and fought hard to meet the enemy. In the end, his iron halberd was stolen and he was surrounded and died. In this battle, Cao Cao's eldest son and nephew also died. Afterwards, Cao Cao paid homage in person and burst into tears. He said to the generals: "I have lost my eldest son and my beloved nephew, but I feel no deep pain at all. I am crying for Dian Wei when I am alone!".
Xu Huang
Xu Huang, courtesy name Gongming, was from Yangjun, Hedong (now Shanxi Province). Cao Cao's famous generals are highly skilled in martial arts. He was originally a general under Yang Feng. When Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty was kidnapped by Li Jue and Guo Si, he protected him and performed meritorious service. Later, he joined Cao Cao. He fought bravely and strategically, and was deeply loved by Cao Cao. When Cao Ren was guarding Fancheng, Xu Huang went to rescue him. He did not abandon official duties because of his personal friendship with Guan Yu, but still fought with Guan Yu for more than eighty rounds with an axe. When Meng Da rebelled in Xincheng, Sima Yi dispatched Xu Huang and rushed to Xincheng to kill Meng Da. Instead, Meng Da shot an arrow in the forehead. He died after returning to camp at the age of fifty-nine.
Xu Chu
Xu Chu was a famous general in Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. His courtesy name was Zhongkang, a native of Peiguoqiao (now Bo County, Anhui Province). When Cao Cao fought against Zhang Xiu in Wancheng, he was awarded the title of Marquis of Guannei for his repeated military exploits. Later, he fought with Ma Chao in Tongguan and gained great fame. Known for his bravery, he was nicknamed "Tiger Fool" in the military. When Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, he was granted the title of Marquis of Wansui Ting, promoted to the rank of General of the Military Guard, and the governor of the central army. After Cao Rui ascended the throne, he granted Xu Chu the title of Mou Fenhou. After Xu Chu died of illness, he was posthumously granted the title of Zhuanghou.
Zhang He
Zhang He, a famous general of Wei State, named Junyi, was born in Hejian County. He was a general under Yuan Shao earlier and returned to Cao Cao after the Battle of Guandu. Courageous and resourceful, capable of conquering and fighting. When Zhuge Liang attacked Wei, he led his troops to pursue him, but Zhuge Liang used an ambush to shoot him dead in the wooden doorway.
Zhang Liao
Zhang Liao, courtesy name Wenyuan, was born in Mayi, Yanmen (now Shuo County, Shanxi). He first served under Ding Yuan, the governor of Bingzhou, and later joined Dong Zhuo. After Dong Zhuo's death, Zhang Liao led his troops to join Lü Bu and served as the Cavalry Commander under Lü Bu. Later, Lu Bu was defeated by Cao Cao and Liu Bei in Xiapi, and finally surrendered to Cao Cao. He is highly skilled in martial arts, brave and resourceful, and has accomplished many extraordinary feats. In the 20th year of Jian'an (AD 215), Sun Quan attacked Hefei. He led more than 800 death squads to defend the city, attacked bravely, and defeated the Wu army. As soon as Wu Jun heard Zhang Liao's name, everyone was frightened. Even the children of Wu State cried at night, but they did not dare to cry when they heard the name Zhang Liao. In the third year of Emperor Huangchu's reign (222), Emperor Wen of Wei, Cao Pi personally went on a three-pronged expedition against Wu. Zhang Liao and his generals defeated the Dongwu general Lu Fan's army, but he died of illness in the army and was given the posthumous title of Marquis Gang.
Cao Hong
Cao Hong, courtesy name Zilian, is Cao Cao's cousin and a famous general in Wei. When Cao Cao raised his army, he joined Cao Ren together. Skilled in bow and horse and proficient in martial arts, he became the mainstay of Cao's army. He fought in various places and was active, and once saved Cao Cao's life. After Cao Pi came to the throne, he successively served as General of Wei Guowei and General of Hussars.
Jia Xu
Jia Xu was a minister of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. Zi Wenhe, a native of Wuwei Nvzang (now Wuwei, Gansu). Good at using strategies, he first served as a counselor in the tents of Li Jue and Guo Si, and later became Zhang Xiu's counselor. Zhang Xiu used his strategy to defeat Cao Cao in Wancheng. After Zhang Xiu's defeat, he surrendered to Cao Cao. Cao Cao used his ingenious tactics to defeat Yuan Shao in Guandu and defeat Ma Chao and Han Sui in Xiliang at Tongguan. After Cao Pi became emperor, he was granted the title of Taiwei and Wei Shoutinghou. He died at the age of seventy-seven.
Representative chapters:
1. In 198, counterattack against Cao Jun. 18 times.
2. In 199, Zhang Xiu was persuaded to surrender. 23 times.
3. In 211, he left the Korean-horse coalition. 59 replies.
4. In 217, he persuaded Cao Pi to establish himself. 68 replies.
5. In 222, he remonstrated against Soochow but was not accepted. 85 back.
Cao Cao
Cao Cao (155-220) was a statesman, strategist, and writer in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. His surname is Xiahou, his courtesy name is Mengde, and his nickname is Ah Ma. He is a native of Qiaojun, Peiguo (now Bo County, Anhui Province). He was born as the eldest son of a big bureaucratic landlord family. Because his father Cao Song was the adopted son of Cao Teng, a regular servant in the Central Military Commission, he changed his surname to Cao. Because of this relationship, Cao Cao had the opportunity to interact with the children of officials since he was a child. Yuan Shao, his future rival, was also Cao Cao's friend when he was young. Cao Cao was seven feet long, with slender eyes and a long beard. He has been bohemian since childhood, but he is very talented, resourceful and good at adapting to changes. At that time, there was a famous scholar in Runan named Xu Shao who was good at commenting on characters. He commented on Cao Cao: "A capable minister in governing the world, but a traitor in troubled times."
After the death of Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty, the general took control of the government as a relative. But when he was killing the eunuchs, he was ambushed. At this time, Dong Zhuo, known as the Wolf of Xiliang, led an army to take over the capital. Soon after Zhuo entered the city, he appointed Liu Xie, the younger emperor's younger brother, as Emperor Xian. Most of the ministers fled Luoyang. Cao Cao also fled to Chenliu, where he gathered rebels and denounced Dong Zhuo.
In the first year of Chuping, all the generals elected Yuan Shao, who had a distinguished family background, as the leader of the alliance to attack Dong Zhuo in the west. However, due to the evil intentions of the generals, the rebel army failed. In this battle, Cao Cao met his future mortal enemy Liu Bei for the first time.
In the third year of Chuping, Dong Zhuo was killed by Wang Yun and Lu Bu. The two of them were captured by Zhuo's subordinates Li Jue and Guo Si. Emperor Xian and a group of ministers took advantage of the chaos to escape from Chang'an, but were hunted down by Li and Guo. Cao Cao accepted Xun Yu and Cheng Yu's proposal and welcomed Emperor Xian to Xuchang. From then on, Cao Cao began to coerce the emperor to order the princes.
Afterwards, Cao Cao conquered east and west in the name of Xiandi. Successively pacified the Guandong and Guanzhong areas. Liu Bei also became his subordinate. Next, Cao Cao has to face his old friend-Yuan Shao.
At that time, Yuan Shao controlled the four states of You, Ji, Bing, and Qing. He had strong military strength and many brave generals. Although Cao Cao has become the overlord of the Central Plains, he is still far away from Shao in terms of military strength.
In the fifth year of Jian'an, Yuan Shao's army went south and met Cao Bing in Guandu. Finally, Cao Cao used the strategy of surrendering general Xu You and led 5,000 cavalry to attack Yuan Jun's granary. When Yuan's soldiers saw that their supplies had been burned, they were in chaos, and Cao's army took advantage of the situation to attack. Yuan Shao was defeated and fled. The Battle of Guandu established Cao Cao's dominance in the north.
After winning the Battle of Guandu, Cao Cao spent several years stabilizing the north and pursuing the remaining members of the Yuan family (Shao died of illness shortly after his defeat). In the thirteenth year of Jian'an, Cao Cao personally led an army to conquer Liu Biao southward. In the same year, Liu Biao died and was succeeded by his second son Liu Cong. Facing Cao Cao's wolf-like army, Liu Cong decided to surrender. Cao Cao easily took over Jingzhou. Perhaps because it was easy to get Jingzhou, Cao Cao decided to take advantage of the situation and attack Sun Quan eastward. But Quan is not comparable to Liu Cong and others.
The Sun family has occupied Jiangdong since the time of Sun Ce, and has been surrendered to the present. Coupled with the natural dangers of the Yangtze River, the Sun regime has a stable foundation. When Sun Quan received the news that Cao Cao was coming from the east, he held several military meetings. During the meeting, the main war faction and the main surrender faction started a fierce debate. Finally, after analysis by Zhou Yu and Lu Su, Sun Quan decided to go to war.
In December of the thirteenth year of Jian'an, Sun Quan's army faced Cao's army in Chibi. Zhou Yu used a trick to burn Cao Cao's warships, and Cao Cao's army was defeated. From then on, Cao Cao was unable to launch a large-scale southern expedition. If the Battle of Guandu determined Cao Cao's dominance in the north, then the defeat at Chibi was the only battle in which Cao Cao could dominate the north.
Since then, although Cao Cao has provoked wars on the border of Soochow many times, both sides have won and lost. At the same time, Liu Bei settled in Yizhou in the west and proclaimed himself King of Hanzhong. The momentum of the Three Kingdoms' tripartite confrontation has been established. Even the unparalleled hero Cao Cao could no longer change this fact.
In the 21st year of Jian'an, Cao Cao ascended the throne and became King of Wei.
In the twenty-fifth year of Jian'an, Cao Cao died of illness at the age of sixty-six.
The following year, Cao Pi usurped the Han Dynasty and founded the country under the name Wei. Chasing Cao Cao as Emperor Taizu Wu.
Cao Pi
Wei Emperor Cao Pi (187-226) was the founder of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. Usurping the throne and dethroning Cao Wei Zun of the Han Dynasty. Reigned from 220 to 226 AD. Zihuan, Cao Cao's second son. In the 22nd year of Jian'an, he was established as the prince. After Cao Cao's death, he succeeded him as King of Wei. Soon he deposed Liu Xie, Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, and became the emperor himself. The country was named Wei and its capital was Luoyang. He loved literature and was a leader in the literary world at that time. There are more than 40 poems that have been circulated. Later generations edited and published the "Collection of Emperor Wen of Wei".
Cao Zhi
Cao Zhi (192-233) was named Zijian. He was born in Peiguoqiao (now Bo County, Anhui Province). An outstanding poet in the Wei Dynasty of the Three Kingdoms. Cao Cao's third son was granted the title of King Chen Si. Because of his talent and learning, he was favored by Cao Cao in his early years. He wanted to establish him as the crown prince, but later he fell out of favor. In the 16th year of Jian'an (211), he was granted the title of Marquis of Pingyuan, and in the 19th year of Jian'an (214), he was granted the title of Marquis of Linzi. Emperor Wen of Wei changed his title to King of Juancheng in the second year of Huangchu (221). After Cao Pi became emperor, he was jealous and persecuted by Cao Pi. He was repeatedly demoted and had his fiefdom changed. After Cao Pi's death, Cao Pi's son Cao Rui came to the throne. Cao Zhi wrote several times, hoping to be appointed, but failed to do so. Finally, he died of depression at the age of forty-one.
The Jian'an period in literary history refers to the period from Jian'an to the early Wei Dynasty. The literature of this period was most notable for its achievements in poetry. There are many works that can draw nourishment from Han Yuefu folk songs, reflecting social turmoil and the pain of people's displacement, embodying the desire for national reunification, with generous words and strong language. Later generations praised the elegant and vigorous style of these works as "Jian'an style". But some chapters express the idea of ??negative detachment. Representative writers of this period include Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi, the Seven Sons of Jian'an, etc. Cao Zhi's life and creation are divided into two periods, with Cao Pi as the emperor. There are a few works in the early period that describe social turmoil and his own ambitions. The tone of the poems is cheerful and heroic. Such as "White Horse Pian", "Song Yingshi", etc. Later works reflect his depressed mood under oppression, and some poems are mixed with strong negative thoughts. His poems make good use of metaphorical techniques, with concise language and splendid lyrics. They comprehensively represent the achievements of Jian'an poetry and have a great influence on the development of five-character poetry. He is also good at poetry and prose. His "Luo Shen Fu" is lyrically beautiful, full of mythological color, and has great influence. It is a representative work of lyrical poetry in the Jian'an period. There are also famous essays, such as "Seeking a Self-Examination Table" and so on.
Cao Zhi’s Tomb: Located at the western foot of Yushan Mountain, 10 kilometers southwest of Dong’a County, it is built against the mountain. The tomb chamber is divided into three parts: corridor, front chamber and back chamber. In 1951, the Pingyuan Provincial Cultural Relics Management Committee unearthed 132 cultural relics. Except for a few fine pieces of agate beads, agate bubbles, and sapphire huangs, most of the others were ceramic utensils, such as carts, cases, pots, basins, chickens, and dogs. , geese, ducks and the like. In 1996, it was approved as a national key cultural relics protection unit.
Cao Rui
Cao Rui, courtesy name Yuan Zhong, died early. He was very smart since he was a child and was deeply loved by his father Cao Pi. Cao Rui reigned for 13 years and was only 36 years old when he died.
Cao Huan
Cao Huan (246-302) was the last emperor of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. Reigned from 260 to 265 AD. His courtesy name was Jingming, the grandson of Cao Cao, Emperor Wu of the Wei Dynasty. In the third year of Ganlu (AD 258), Sima Zhao became emperor after killing Emperor Cao Mao. While in power, he had no choice but to become Sima Zhao's puppet. In the second year of Xianxi (AD 265), he was replaced by Sima Zhao's son Sima Yan and was named King Chenliu.
Sima Yi
Sima Yi, courtesy name Zhongda, was born in Wenxian County, Hanoi (southwest of Wenxian County in present-day Henan Province). He was born into a powerful family with a wealth of two thousand stones since the Eastern Han Dynasty. His father Sima Fang The official arrived at Zhaoyin in Beijing. Sima Yi was a county official in his early years. In the 13th year of Jian'an, he was appointed as a literary official by Cao Cao. In the 22nd year of Jian'an, Cao Pi was established as the crown prince, and Sima Yi was appointed as the crown prince's concubine. Together with Chen Qun, Wu Zhi, and Zhu Shuo, he was listed as Cao Pi's "four friends" and was the main figure in Cao Pi's think tank. In the twenty-fifth year of Jian'an (220 years), Cao Pi replaced the Han Dynasty, and Sima Yi was appointed as the chief historian of the prime minister's office, and also as the governor and censor Zhongcheng. In the seventh year of Huangchu (226), Cao Rui succeeded to the throne, and Sima Yi moved to the Fu army as a general to command the imperial army. He was also appointed as General of the Hussars and Commander-in-Chief of the military affairs of Jingzhou and Yuzhou. He was based in Wancheng and presided over Jingzhou's offensive against Wu. In the third year of Jingchu (239), Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui died, and Prince Qi King Cao Fang succeeded to the throne. Sima Yi and Cao Shuang assisted in the administration. In the first year of Jiaping (249), Sima Yi killed Cao Shuang and his followers, as well as the Yi tribe. Sima Yi died of illness the following year, and his sons Sima Shi and Sima Zhao assisted in the administration. In 265 AD, his grandson Sima Yan replaced Wei with the Jin Dynasty and followed Sima Yi as "Emperor Xuan".
Xiahou Dun
Xiahou Dun, whose courtesy name is Yuanrang, is a famous general in Cao Wei and a native of Qiaojun, Peiguo (now Bo County, Anhui Province). He learned to shoot and stick since he was a child. When he was eleven or twelve years old, he His martial arts skills are already very strong. When he was fourteen years old, he studied martial arts with his master. Once, a man insulted his teacher. When the strong-tempered Xiahou Dun heard about it, he immediately killed the man and fled to other places. He has a strong temperament and strong martial arts skills. He fought countless battles with Cao Cao in his life, killed enemies and made achievements. He was most favored by Cao Cao. He drove a carriage with Cao Cao when he came in and out, and could freely enter Cao Cao's bedroom without being informed. After Cao Cao's death, Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, and Xiahou Dun was named a general. He died of illness a few months later.
Xia Houyuan
Xia Houyuan, whose birth date is unknown and died in 219 AD, was a famous general in Cao Wei. Named Miaocai, he was a younger brother of the Xiahou Dun clan. He was from the same clan as Cao Cao and was extremely brave. When Cao Cao was young, he committed a crime in his hometown. Xia Houyuan took the blame for him, but Cao Cao managed to save him. Xia Houyuan was a man of great loyalty. One year during the famine, Xia Houyuan gave up his own son in order to feed his dead brother's orphaned daughter. After Cao Cao raised his army, Xia Houyuan followed Cao Cao. He once followed Cao Cao to pacify Lei Xu in Lujiang, and attacked Ma Chao and Han Sui at Tongguan. He had many military exploits and was named Marquis of Bochang, General of the Western Conquest. In the 23rd year of Jian'an, Liu Bei's army attacked Hanzhong and was attacked and killed by veteran Huang Zhong.
Xun Yu
Xun Yu, courtesy name Wenruo, was from Yingyin County, Yingchuan, Yuzhou; uncle of Xun You. He first served as Yuan Shao's counselor, and later joined Cao Cao, participating in military and state decision-making and making great contributions. Later, because he opposed Cao Cao's title of Duke of Wei, he was hated by Cao Cao and committed suicide. He was posthumously awarded the title of Jinghou by Cao Cao.
Xun Yu was the first major counselor to defect to Cao Cao. Cao Cao began to trust Xun Yu very much, no less than Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, trusted Zhang Liang, the remaining marquis. Later, when Xun Yu heard that Cao Cao had ambitions to become king, he discovered that Cao Cao was not a loyal Han official. The "Ming Gong" in his mind was not like this. This is Xun Yu's personal life tragedy. Later generations lamented Xun Yu's death in poems:
Wenruo's talent was known all over the world, but unfortunately he fell into a wealthy family.
Posterity will not leave Houbi alone, as he will not be able to see the king of Han before he is gone.
Guo Jia
Guo Jia, whose courtesy name was Fengxiao, was born in Yangzhai, Yingchuan (now Yuzhou City, Henan Province). He is "rarely far-sighted" and has been invisible since he was 20 years old. He does not interact with secular people, but secretly makes friends with heroes and talks about the current situation. This laid the foundation for his career as a counselor. In order to achieve success, he first made suggestions among the stronger Yuan Shao's army. Later, he discovered that Yuan Shao was "many with many tricks and few important points, and was fond of schemes but no decisions", so he was recommended by Xun Yu and returned to Cao Cao. Cao Cao originally had special feelings for Yingchuan Xianda. He believed that "you and Yinggu have many extraordinary talents", so he paid special attention to Guo Jia.
Guo Jia analyzed Cao Cao's advantages and Yuan Shao's disadvantages from ten aspects, and believed that Cao Cao had "ten victories":
The first is "Dao victory". As an aristocratic warlord, Yuan Shao had many and complicated etiquettes, which were restricted by his formality; Cao Cao "allowed things to be natural", adapted to the circumstances and circumstances, and was superior in "Tao".
The second is "righteous victory". Cao Cao's "obedience to lead the world" followed the trend of history and was moral.
The third is "control and victory".
Guo Jia analyzed history and reality from a statesman's perspective and believed that the chaos at the end of the Han Dynasty was caused by the rulers' failure to be lenient in their governance, and Yuan Shao used lenient to give lenient, so he could not control his subordinates; Cao Cao "rectified the situation with violence and the superiors and subordinates knew how to control it." , the management measures of combining leniency and severity are in line with the times.
The fourth is "success". Yuan Shao was generous on the outside but suspicious in his heart, and appointed only relatives and children; Cao Cao "employed people only according to their talents, regardless of distance", and was better than Yuan Shao in terms of magnanimity and magnanimity.
The fifth is "to win". Yuan Shao was helpless and indecisive; Cao Cao was alert and courageous, with "endless adaptability".
The sixth is "Victory". Yuan Shaogu was famous and liked to be praised. "The kind words of scholars are mostly appreciated by others." Cao Cao treated scholars with sincerity. He "did not seek false beauty," he emphasized practicality, promised rewards and punishments, and "will not be stingy with those who have merit." Those loyal, far-sighted and pragmatic scholars "are all willing to be used."
The seventh is "Benevolence wins". Yuan Shaohuai's benevolence as a woman showed sympathy when seeing people hungry, but he "wasn't concerned about things he couldn't see". This is not the ambition of politicians. Cao Cao may be careless about the small things in front of him, but when it comes to the big things in the world, he "thinks about everything, and there is no help", and his kindness extends to all corners of the world.
The eighth is "Mingsheng". Yuan Shao was confused by the slander, but Cao Cao clearly distinguished between right and wrong.
Ninth is "Wen Sheng". Yuan Shao did not distinguish between right and wrong. Cao Cao "advanced with etiquette" for the correct ones, and "rectified them with the law" for the incorrect ones.
The tenth is "Wu Sheng". Yuan Shao's use of troops was "preferring to use false power and not knowing the key points of the troops." Cao Cao used his troops like a god, and his soldiers had something to rely on, and the enemy was afraid of them.
From the current point of view, the ten aspects pointed out by Guo Jia include political measures, policies and laws, organizational lines and each person's ideological cultivation, magnanimity, character, literary and military strategies. and many other factors, which are the key to the success or failure of your career. Guo Jia summarized these "ten victories" for Cao Cao. It may be a compliment to Cao Cao when he first arrived, or it may be an encouragement and request to Cao Cao. He hopes that he can keep these "ten victories" and complete the great cause of unifying the world, and he himself will also There will be a day to come forward. … Any speculation is meaningless. In any case, Guo Jia's ability to mention these "Ten Victories" shows that he is not only a counselor who can provide advice on situations, but also has a complete set of theories. No wonder Cao Cao was full of praise after hearing this, "This is the person who can make Gu become a great businessman." So he "appeared as the commander of the air force to offer wine."
Like Xun Yu, Guo Jia always planned for Cao Cao at important moments. For example: Yuan Shao died of illness after the battle in Guandu. Cao Cao took advantage of the victory to attack Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang, and fought for several grams in Liyang (southeast of today's Junxian County, Henan Province). At this time, some people advocated strengthening the offensive and completely eradicating Yuan Jun. Guo Jia advocated delaying the war and waiting for changes. He believed that both Tan and Shang were deeply favored by Yuan Shao, and since Yuan Shao had no heirs during his lifetime, the two brothers' advisers "will definitely fight against each other." If we attack quickly, the two brothers will conspire against each other; on the contrary, "slow down and then fight will lead to death". "It is better to go south to Jingzhou and attack Liu Biao, wait for him to change, then attack him, and then attack him in one fell swoop." "Determined." As he said, as soon as Cao Jun took the posture of attacking Liu Biao, the Yuan family began to have internal strife. Cao's army returned and defeated them one by one, and then defeated Jizhou. Guo Jia was also granted the title of Marquis of Weiyang Ting.
In the twelfth year of Jian'an (207), Guo Jia followed Cao Cao to pacify Wuhuan. On the way back to the army, Guo Jia fell seriously ill and died soon after at the age of thirty-eight. Posthumous title Zhenhou.
Guo Jia followed Cao Cao for 11 years, "riding together and sitting on the same bed". The emperor and his ministers got along well with each other and were intimate. Guo Jia said to Cao Cao: "He is my true lord." Cao Cao said to Guo Jia: "Only by being filial can one understand loneliness." Guo Jia was seriously ill, and "Taizu asked about illness." Unfortunately, he died, and Cao Cao "was mourning him." "It's so sad." He said to Xun You and others without regret: "All the kings are alone in their youth, but they are the least filial. The world is full of things. If you want to do something in the future, you will die in middle age." Guo Jia was proposed to be given the task of governing the country and safeguarding the country, which shows how much Cao Cao appreciated his talent. Shortly after Guo Jia's death, Cao Cao went to court and fully affirmed Guo Jia's life achievements, praising him for "pacifying the world and pursuing great achievements", and awarded Guo Jia a posthumous title.
Guo Jiaying's early death had a great impact on Cao Cao's unification cause - at least that's what Cao Cao thought. The following year, Cao Cao was defeated in Chibi, and he sighed affectionately: "Guo Fengxiao is here, so he will not be alone here."
Posterity poems praised Guo Jia and said: Guo Fengxiao was born, and a hero ranks among the heroes;
The history of scriptures is hidden in the abdomen, and the armor soldiers are hidden in the chest.
His luck was like Fan Li, and his decision-making was like Chen Ping's.
Unfortunately, he died first, and Liang Dongqing in the Central Plains.