Wang Wei's realm reader
(1) recently accidentally read a dream of red mansions, there is a passage, now as the beginning. Lin Daiyu talked about Lu Fangweng's two poems:
Heavy curtains don't roll for long.
Guweiyan' aogumodo
A servant girl likes this couplet very much and asks Lin Daiyu. Daiyu said, "You must never learn this kind of poem. If you learn to write this kind of poem, you can't write it. " Next, she told the girl how to learn poetry. She said, "You should read the poems of Wang Momo, Du Fu, Li Bai and Tao Yuanming. Every family reads dozens of songs, or one or two hundred. When you know it, you will know how to write poetry. " This passage is very interesting.
(2) the two poems of Weng, arranged very neatly. In fact, it's just a literal pile, and there is no one behind it. If it is completely empty, it is not completely true. There should be someone inside. The man burned a furnace of incense in the study, and the incense went out only after hanging the curtain. He writes or writes poems there. There is a good inkstone, and it is useless to polish it. There was originally a person behind this poem, but this person taught anyone to do it, so people didn't see the special artistic conception and special taste. No mood, no interest, just a layman.
(3) Take Daiyu, Wang Wei, Du Fu and Li Bai for example. They just represent three personalities and three schools of thought. Wang Mancha is a Buddhist Zen. Li Bai is Tao, Lao Zi and Zhuangzi. Du Fu is a Confucian, Confucius and Mencius. The poems written by Mosha are full of Zen. Later generations commented on poetry and thought it was silent and romantic. But how to write poetry without words, how to be romantic without words? We can choose a joint sentence as an example:
Wild fruits in the mountains fall in autumn.
The insects in the grass came to the lamp and sang in a low voice.
This couplet is compared with the one introduced by Shanghai Weng. Both couplets have boundaries, and each boundary has a person. "The heavy curtain does not roll for a long time, and the ancient inkstone is slightly concave and gathers more ink", as mentioned above. Now let's talk about this link. There is a house in the deep mountains. Someone is sitting in this house. It rained at night. I heard the fruit on the tree was hit by the rain outside the window and simply fell. There are many bugs in the grass, all of which are barking under the rain. What about that guy? In the light of the rain in the house, I heard the sound of fruit falling outside, the song of grass insects and, of course, the rain. Such a situation is full of emotion and scenery. Compared with the land link, we know that one side is alive and the other side is dead and stagnant.
(4) The important words in this couplet are inscribed words and voiced words. These two words are full of natural life breath of heaven and earth. It's probably autumn, and all the fruits in the mountains are ripe. You can't afford to fall when the rain hits you. There are always grass bugs in autumn. Sound and scenery blend into the audio-visual feelings of people in this room. People sitting in the room suddenly felt this kind of life, but also felt this desolation. Life is displayed on the grass insects, desolate in the dead of night rain. We asked the person who wrote this poem at that time, how did he feel when he met that realm? When you think about it like this, you understand the meaning of the word "nothing to be romantic". Just because he didn't say how he felt, it was an artistic conception. The beauty is that he doesn't talk about it. He just put this foreign land in front of you and let the readers enjoy it themselves. If a philosophical theory, or outlook on life, or any miscellaneous feelings are developed below, then the value of this poem will be reduced, the taste of the poem will be weak, and the style of the poem will be low.
But when we see these two poems, we always ask, what is this feeling in the author's heart? We will also feel the meaning of these two poems in our hearts because we read them. This is a kind of empathy. The so-called appreciation When we read the couplets of Tiaoweng, it seems that there is nothing behind the poem, and there is no interest and artistic conception like Mocha couplets. The beauty of this poem is that he has some views on the life of the universe. Although he didn't write it, it was all on paper. This is a very high realm of poetry, and it can be said that people only realized this realm from the beginning of learning Zen.
Excerpt from Essays on China Literature? Talk about poetry has been deleted.
The reading theme of Wang Wei's realm
Question 1: the correct understanding of the meaning of "nothing, everything is romantic" is:
A. it means that the whole poem has a special artistic conception and taste, and there must be someone behind it.
B. it means that poetry should be Zen, affectionate, scenic and dynamic.
C. It means that readers can feel the breath of life in nature without writing a word.
D. it means not to tell the author's feelings directly, but to let readers experience the artistic conception of poetry through the outside world.
Question 2: According to the fourth paragraph, one of the following statements is wrong:
A. The words "falling" and "singing" are well used because they reveal the breath of life in nature.
B. The word "falling" shows the fragility of life that can't be attacked by autumn rain, and the word "singing" shows the desolation of grass insects whining at midnight.
C. Wang Wei "suddenly" felt this kind of life and this kind of desolation at the same time, which is the Zen meaning in the poem and the unique artistic conception.
D. the advantage of this connection is that it leaves readers with room for appreciation. If you express your opinions directly, it will reduce the poetic style.
Question 3: Which of the following statements or inferences related to the article is correct:
A. Learning poetry should be based on Wang Wei, Du Fu, Li Bai and Tao Yuanming. Studying in Shandong is tantamount to asking for directions.
Although Lu Fangweng's antithetical couplets are neat and formal, they have no special artistic conception and interest.
C. Only by meditation and enlightenment can we realize the infinite meaning of "the fruit falls in the rain and the grass flies under the lamp".
D According to the author's evaluation criteria, "to see the sun, for all his glory, being buried on the night before" is more wonderful than the two examples mentioned in the article.
Interpretation of Wang Wei's realm
Question 1:D
Question 1:B
Question 1:B