"Looking at Jiuhua"
I crossed Chiyang, climbed to the county tower, looked at Jiuhua, and saw only one peak. The boat came out of the clear stream and saw it, but it was still lost in the clouds and mist. We stayed at Mengpu in the evening and saw all the peaks.
The beauty of Jiuhua is not in the mountains. Looking at it from the river, it is beautiful and clear in the distance. Taibai is also singing and singing. Every time the boat stops on the forest bank, I feel that the nine sons are leaning towards each other.
There is a saying in "The Analects of Confucius": "The benevolent people enjoy mountains, and the wise people enjoy water." (Benevolent people like mountains, smart people like water, which means that people have their own interests.) Landscape scenery , has aroused the infinite sentiments of countless literati in ancient and modern times, and they have dedicated a large number of beautiful chapters praising natural landscapes to us.
1. Understanding the author
Wang Shipeng is a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty and a native of Yueqing, Wenzhou, Zhejiang.
2. Translation
I visited Chi In Yangjun, when I climbed up the city tower and looked at Jiuhua Mountain, I could only see one peak. I took a boat out from the Qingxi River (outside the far gate of Junzheng Nantong) and saw Jiuhua Mountain, but Jiuhua Mountain was still hidden or visible in the clouds and fog. In the evening, when the ship was anchored in Megan Harbor, we could clearly see the peaks of Jiuhua.
The beauty of Mount Jiuhua does not lie in Mount Jiuhua. Looking at Jiuhua Mountain from the river, Jiuhua Mountain is handsome and elegant, clear and distant, and the afterglow of the setting sun falls on the river (adding to the charm of Jiuhua Mountain), leaving a long-lasting memory in people's hearts. I also remember Li Taibai's poem praising Mount Jiuhua. Whenever the boat is moored on the river bank, I feel that the nine peaks are reluctant to leave.
3. The poet viewed Jiuhua Mountain from various angles (fixed scenery and changing points)
Passing, climbing, and looking → only saw one peak
Take a boat out from Qingxi Later → I saw it, but it was still lost in the clouds
I stayed at Mengpu in the evening → I finally saw the peaks
(from blurry to clear, from upstairs to water) , looking at Jiuhua from afar, indistinctly among the clouds and mist, to looking at the peaks up close, one appearing and the other disappearing)
The perspectives are different, the scenery is different, the word "look" is fastened to make a full article, making the lifeless The landscape gradually emerges with interest.
4. The poet’s understanding of the “Victory of Jiuhua”
Jiuhua Mountain has beautiful scenery and ancient temples like forests. It can be said that the scenery is alluring, but the author has his own unique feelings. .
The author believes that if you want to win the victory of Jiuhua, you should look at Jiuhua from the river in the evening: the Jiuhua Mountain with its "elegant, clear and distant" appearance against the "sunset" will make people "miao". But in my heart." Finally, he used personification to express his feelings for Mount Jiuhua. He empathized with things and wrote that the peaks of Jiuhua were reluctant to leave and stood facing people. He was writing about his deep affection for the victorious scenery of Jiuhua. The author realizes the real victory of Jiuhua - things are happy with each other, and things and I are forgotten. Wang Shipeng (1112-1171), courtesy name Guiling, was a famous statesman, poet and minister of the Southern Song Dynasty. Meixi, a famous politician and poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. He was born in the second year of Zhenghe in the Northern Song Dynasty in Meixi Village, Zuoyuan, the fourth capital of Yueqing (now Yueqing City, Zhejiang Province). When he was young, Ying Wuqiang remembered that he entered a private school at the age of 7. At the age of 14, he studied in Luyan Township School, Jinxi Yiguan School, and Yueqing County. He studied classics and history, and became famous for his poetry and prose. When he was young, he had the ambition to worry about the world and save the people. At the age of seventeen, he felt "sad for the times" and lamented that the Hui and Qin emperors were taken prisoner and the Song Dynasty was forced to move south. When he was 19 years old, he wrote the famous sentence "The city of Beidou has become more royal, and the mountains and rivers of Dongou have become clearer". At the age of 24, the small school in Yueqing County was completed. He was actually able to write and compose poems. His unparalleled talent shocked the poetry world in southern Zhejiang. At the age of 33, he founded Meixi Academy in his hometown to teach apprentices, and at the age of 34, he entered Imperial College. Due to political corruption in the Southern Song Dynasty at that time, the treacherous minister Qin Hui was monopolizing power, the examination room was dark, and he failed to succeed in repeated tests. Until he was 46 years old, after Qin Hui's death, Gaozong ascended the throne to succeed the emperor and presided over the palace examination. In the twenty-seventh year of Shaoxing (1157), he "took power" to ZTE as an opponent, ranked first among the Jinshi, and was promoted to the number one scholar, first awarded Cheng Shilang, who was also a professor at Jianwangfu Primary School, was rejected by the main peace faction and returned home because he advocated the war of resistance and recommended patriotic veterans Zhang Jun and Liu Qi. After Xiaozong came to the throne, he learned about Yanzhou. He did not go to Zhao Dui to remove the official title of Wailang, but moved to the state's son Siye. He tried his best to block the peace talks and impeached Shi Hao, the representative of the peace faction and the prime minister of the dynasty, for eight major crimes, including treason and harming the country, and dismissed him from office. In the first year of Longxing (1163), Zhang Jun failed in his Northern Expedition, and criticism arose from the peace advocates. He wrote in a letter that the great cause of restoration cannot be shaken by one defeat, but it was not adopted. He went out to Zhirao, Hu and other states to relieve disasters and eliminate malpractices, and had considerable political achievements. In terms of literature, he passed by Yandang Mountain at least seven times in his life, all before becoming a Jinshi, and all when he went north to Lin'an, so he felt extremely close to Yandang Mountain. During this period, he wrote a large number of poems about Yandang. In "The Poetry of Hui Lao on a Tour to Lingyan and the Sent to Lingfeng", he not only made a general evaluation of Yandang Mountain: "Yandang is the most beautiful in the world, but Lingyan is especially amazing!" He also related his political ambitions and bathing in Yandang Mountain. into one. The Yandang landscape created Wang Shipeng's upright and noble style, and he praised the Yandang landscape with his unrivaled talent. However, with his talent, he still felt powerless in front of the majestic and beautiful Yandang Mountains and Waters. He once said in a poem: "I am ashamed that I have no pen to help with the majesty!" From then on, "difficulty in writing" became the key to describing Yandang Mountain. The "famous saying". Wang Shipeng was well-known for his integrity, uprightness, and outspoken criticism of government affairs. When he was the Secretary and Provincial Secretary, he tried his best to negotiate peace talks, criticized the excessive military power of the three Yamen, remonstrated with Yang Cunzhong's military power, and petitioned Zhang Jun to be appointed.
When Emperor Xiaozong ordered all officials to report affairs, he wrote a letter titled "Reporting the Edict to Report Bad Things" and pointed out that all officials "did their duties but failed to fulfill their duties." He also pointed out that the emperor had three major duties: appointing talents, accepting advice, and rewarding and punishing, but he did not do so. good. In the first year of Longxing, when he was appointed as the censor, he impeached the prime minister Shi Hao and his accomplices Shi Zhengzhi and Lin Anzhai and dismissed them from office, which shocked the government and the public. People praised Wang Shipenglang as the true censor. When Wang Shipeng was guarding Raozhou, Prime Minister Hong Shi was from Raozhou. When he returned to his hometown to visit Wang Shipeng, he proposed to use the school grounds to expand the back garden of his private house, but Wang Shipeng refused. "History of the Song Dynasty·Biography" records: "Prime Minister Hong Shi asked me to learn from him to benefit his garden. Shi Peng said: 'How dare Shi Peng give it to others when the ancestors live in it?'" This matter was later known to both the government and the public, and it was passed down as Good story. Wang Shipeng was honest throughout his life, and his wife, Jia, was of high moral character, endured poverty and was good at giving, and always encouraged each other with his innocence. In the first year of Longxing, he resigned from his hometown. His family suffered from hunger and cold, but he did not complain about poverty. My wife died in her post in Quanzhou, and there was no money to transport her coffin back to her hometown in time because of the long distance. He said in the poem "Rejection from the Temple of Begging": "The minister's family is poor and lowly, and he relies on his salary to save his hunger." "Kang Chen has spoiled his wife, and the coffin is about to be built. The travel tree has not been returned, and the son is sad day and night." The result. The coffin stayed in Quanzhou for two years. As an official, Wang Shipeng cared about the country and the people, but he himself was so poor. Wang Shipeng is knowledgeable and has his own style of poetry. Now included in the collection of "Collected Works of Mr. Mei Xi", there are more than 1,700 poems, 7 poems, 46 memorials, and others such as notes, prefaces, letters, introductions, essays, policy questions, deeds, epitaphs, memorial texts, and inscriptions. There are more than 140 essays and essays such as , praise and so on. In addition, there are 8 lectures on "Spring and Autumn" and "The Analects of Confucius" with extensive content. He especially studied "Spring and Autumn", "The Analects of Confucius" and "Shangshu". Scholarship is opposed to the pursuit of stories, allusions or empty theoretical theories, while writing and dealing with things emphasizes utility and practicality. Zhu Xi said that his poems are "majestic in scale, well-developed in structure, and majestic and rapid in change." He called his poems "simple and straightforward in quality, with smooth thoughts and compassion, just like the person he was." He also compared him with Zhuge Liang, Du Fu, Yan Zhenqing, Han Yu, and Fan Zhongyan. Gentlemen compare it to each other and say: "People with lofty ideals in the country hear his name, recite his words, observe his actions, and win over him, and they are all convinced." ("Preface to the Collected Works of Wang Meixi") Ye Shi said that he "has always lived up to his great integrity", "The public is always ranked first among scholars." The "General Catalog of Sikuquanshu" said that "Shipeng was upright and a great man in the contemporary era." He is the author of "Collected Works of Wang Meixi" and other works handed down to the world.
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Wang Shipeng (1112-1171), whose courtesy name was Guiling and whose nickname was Meixi, was a famous politician and poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. He was born in the second year of Zhenghe in the Northern Song Dynasty in Meixi Village, Zuoyuan, the fourth capital of Yueqing (now Yueqing City, Zhejiang Province). When he was young, Ying Wuqiang remembered that he entered a private school at the age of 7. At the age of 14, he studied in Luyan Township School, Jinxi Yiguan School, and Yueqing County. He studied classics and history, and became famous for his poetry and prose. When he was young, he had the ambition to worry about the world and save the people. At the age of seventeen, he felt "sad for the times" and lamented that the Hui and Qin emperors were taken prisoner and the Song Dynasty was forced to move south. When he was 19 years old, he wrote the famous sentence "The city of Beidou has become more royal, and the mountains and rivers of Dongou have become clearer". At the age of 24, the small school in Yueqing County was completed. He was actually able to write and compose poems. His unparalleled talent shocked the poetry world in southern Zhejiang. At the age of 33, he founded Meixi Academy in his hometown to teach apprentices, and at the age of 34, he entered Imperial College. Due to political corruption in the Southern Song Dynasty at that time, the treacherous minister Qin Hui was monopolizing power, the examination room was dark, and he failed to succeed in repeated tests. Until he was 46 years old, after Qin Hui's death, Gaozong ascended the throne to succeed the emperor and presided over the palace examination. In the twenty-seventh year of Shaoxing (1157), he "took power" to ZTE as an opponent, ranked first among the Jinshi, and was promoted to the number one scholar, first awarded Cheng Shilang, who was also a professor at Jianwangfu Primary School, was rejected by the main peace faction and returned home because he advocated the war of resistance and recommended patriotic veterans Zhang Jun and Liu Qi. After Xiaozong came to the throne, he learned about Yanzhou. He did not go to Zhao Dui to remove the official title of Wailang, but moved to the state's son Siye. He tried his best to block the peace talks and impeached Shi Hao, the representative of the peace faction and the prime minister of the dynasty, for eight major crimes, including treason and harming the country, and dismissed him from office. In the first year of Longxing (1163), Zhang Jun failed in his Northern Expedition, and criticism arose from the peace advocates. He wrote in a letter that the great cause of restoration cannot be shaken by one defeat, but it was not adopted. He went out to Zhirao, Hu and other states to relieve disasters and eliminate malpractices, and had considerable political achievements. In terms of literature, he passed by Yandang Mountain at least seven times in his life, all before becoming a Jinshi, and all when he went north to Lin'an, so he felt extremely close to Yandang Mountain. During this period, he wrote a large number of poems about Yandang. In "The Poetry of Hui Lao on a Tour to Lingyan and the Sent to Lingfeng", he not only made a general evaluation of Yandang Mountain: "Yandang is the most beautiful in the world, but Lingyan is especially amazing!" He also related his political ambitions and bathing in Yandang Mountain. into one. The Yandang landscape created Wang Shipeng's upright and noble style, and he praised the Yandang landscape with his unrivaled talent. However, with his talent, he still felt powerless in front of the majestic and beautiful Yandang Mountains and Waters. He once said in a poem: "I am ashamed that I have no pen to help with the majesty!" From then on, "difficulty in writing" became the key to describing Yandang Mountain. The "famous saying". Wang Shipeng was well-known for his integrity, uprightness, and outspoken criticism of government affairs. When he was the Secretary and Provincial Secretary, he tried his best to negotiate peace talks, criticized the excessive military power of the three Yamen, remonstrated with Yang Cunzhong's military power, and petitioned Zhang Jun to be appointed. When Emperor Xiaozong ordered all officials to report affairs, he wrote a letter titled "Reporting the Edict to Report Bad Things" and pointed out that all officials "did their duties but failed to fulfill their duties." He also pointed out that the emperor had three major duties: appointing talents, accepting advice, and rewarding and punishing, but he did not do so. good. In the first year of Longxing, when he was appointed as the censor, he impeached the prime minister Shi Hao and his accomplices Shi Zhengzhi and Lin Anzhai and dismissed them from office, which shocked the government and the public. People praised Wang Shipenglang as the true censor. When Wang Shipeng was guarding Raozhou, Prime Minister Hong Shi was from Raozhou. When he returned to his hometown to visit Wang Shipeng, he proposed to use the school grounds to expand the back garden of his private house, but Wang Shipeng refused.
"History of the Song Dynasty·Biography" records: "Prime Minister Hong Shi asked me to learn from him to benefit his garden. Shi Peng said: 'How dare Shi Peng give it to others when the ancestors live in it?'" This matter was later known to both the government and the public, and it was passed down as Good story. Wang Shipeng was honest throughout his life, and his wife, Jia, was of high moral character, endured poverty and was good at giving, and always encouraged each other with his innocence. In the first year of Longxing, he resigned from his hometown. His family suffered from hunger and cold, but he did not complain about poverty. My wife died in her post in Quanzhou, and there was no money to transport her coffin back to her hometown in time because of the long distance. He said in the poem "Rejection from the Temple of Begging": "The minister's family is poor and lowly, and he relies on his salary to save his hunger." "Kang Chen has spoiled his wife, and the coffin is about to be built. The travel tree has not been returned, and the son is sad day and night." The result. The coffin stayed in Quanzhou for two years. As an official, Wang Shipeng cared about the country and the people, but he himself was so poor. Wang Shipeng is knowledgeable and has his own style of poetry. Now included in the collection of "Collected Works of Mr. Mei Xi", there are more than 1,700 poems, 7 poems, 46 memorials, and others such as notes, prefaces, letters, introductions, essays, policy questions, deeds, epitaphs, memorial texts, and inscriptions. There are more than 140 essays and essays such as , praise and so on. In addition, there are 8 lectures on "Spring and Autumn" and "The Analects of Confucius" with extensive content. He especially studied "Spring and Autumn", "The Analects of Confucius" and "Shangshu". Scholarship is opposed to the pursuit of stories, allusions or empty theoretical theories, while writing and dealing with things emphasizes utility and practicality. Zhu Xi said that his poems are "majestic in scale, well-developed in structure, and majestic and rapid in change." He called his poems "simple and straightforward in quality, with smooth thoughts and compassion, just like the person he was." He also compared him with Zhuge Liang, Du Fu, Yan Zhenqing, Han Yu, and Fan Zhongyan. Gentlemen compare it to each other and say: "People with lofty ideals in the country hear his name, recite his words, observe his actions, and win over him, and they are all convinced." ("Preface to the Collected Works of Wang Meixi") Ye Shi said that he "has always lived up to his great integrity", "The public is always ranked first among scholars." The "General Catalog of Sikuquanshu" said that "Shipeng was upright and a great man in the contemporary era." He is the author of "Collected Works of Wang Meixi" and other works handed down to the world. I also wrote a couplet, the first couplet "The fog disperses" and the second couplet "The water falls long and long long long long long".
Appendix 1: Don’t harm the public when you get promoted
Wang Shipeng has been very smart and hardworking since he was a child. When he was studying in the county town, he was already full of knowledge and good at writing. The reputation has spread throughout the county. There is an alley in the county town, and there lives a wealthy official. He doesn't have much ink in his belly, but he likes to make friends with famous people, put on a facade for himself, and increase his worth. Several times, Wang Shipeng of the Qing Dynasty went to banquets and wrote poems, but Wang Shipeng politely declined. Despite this, he still never forgets to invite Wang Shipeng. Once, he heard from a traveler that Wang Shipeng respected the old gentleman who taught in the academy. When the old gentleman went out to visit relatives and friends, Wang Shipeng always accompanied him. This traveler was full of ideas and immediately came up with an idea for Qian Baixiang: "Sir, please choose an auspicious day and invite the old gentleman and Wang Shipeng to have a drink with him. As long as the old gentleman is willing to reward him, Wang Shipeng will come. He will come." As soon as he comes to the door, the master can stop him from writing poems." Qian Baixiang smiled happily and nodded repeatedly. On this day, Qian Baixiang sent someone to deliver the invitation, and specially prepared a table of fine wine and food, waiting for the old gentleman and Wang Shipeng to come as guests. It didn't take long before the old gentleman was invited, and Wang Shipeng actually came with him. As soon as he arrived at the door of Qian's house, Wang Shipeng wanted to go home alone, but was stopped by Qian Baixiang's arrangement. In this way, Wang Shipeng couldn't escape, so he had no choice but to walk into Qian's house and accompany the old man to the banquet. After eating for a while, Wang Shipeng helped the old man stand up to express his gratitude. Just as he was about to leave, Qian Baixiang's servant stopped him. Qian Baixiang handed over the paper and pen he had prepared with both hands and said respectfully: "I have nothing else to ask for. I just hope that the talented scholar will write a poem for me." , as a souvenir."
Wang Shipeng saw the leech biting the heron's feet and had no choice but to take the pen and paper and said: "I am a poor scholar who cannot write good poems. I don't know what the master is doing. What's the title?"
"How about calling it 'Qian Baixiangsheng'? If you want to win, please embed these four little words at the beginning of each sentence."
Wang Shipeng frowned after hearing this, and with a stroke of his pen, he wrote a limerick:
The Qian family has baskets full of fish and meat,
The people are hungry with bran and vegetables.
When you enjoy happiness, don’t Don't forget to create blessings for others.
When you get promoted, don’t bring disaster to the people.
While reading, the old gentleman praised: "What a poem! What a poem!" Qian Baixiang read it, but he was dumb and couldn't tell the pain.
Because Wang Shipeng wrote his poem after he was stopped here, people call this nameless alley "Poetry Blocking Alley".