In this "Tiangong Classroom", astronauts in orbit introduce and show the work and life scenes of the Chinese Space Station. Below is an overview of the complete content of the second lesson of the 2022 Tiangong Classroom on the Space Station that I have compiled for you. Welcome to collect and share. Come on!
The complete content of the second lesson of the Space Station 2022 Tiangong Classroom
Experiment 1: Warm "ice puck"
Phenomenon Looking back at this scene, it seems like it happened in the "magic world": a transparent liquid ball was floating in the air. Wang Yaping used a small stick to point it on the liquid ball. The ball began to "freeze" instantly, and in a few seconds it turned into a snow-white " puck". Wang Yaping said that the "hockey ball" felt warm to the touch.
Expert interpretation: "The 'ice and snow' experiment in space is actually a process of nucleation and crystallization of a supersaturated sodium acetate solution, which releases heat." Zhang Lu, a researcher at the Space Application Engineering and Technology Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said, The crystallization of a supersaturated solution usually requires external "disturbance", and the "mystery" of this experiment is that the small stick is stained with crystal powder, which provides a condensation nucleus for the supersaturated sodium acetate solution, thereby precipitating sodium acetate trihydrate crystals.
Further reading When conducting crystallization experiments on the ground, the appearance of the crystals may vary greatly depending on the shape of the container. In a microgravity environment, crystals are not restricted by containers and can "grow freely" suspended in mid-air. This echoes the container-free material experimental cabinet in the Chinese Space Station. The container-free material experimental cabinet currently has two main uses: one is to realize the process of materials from melting to cooling and solidification in a container-free state, allowing scientific researchers to collect physical property parameters for research; the other is used for the in-orbit growth of special materials to shorten the time of new materials. The time when materials move from the laboratory to the assembly line and into the public eye.
Experiment 2: "Continuously Pulling" Liquid Bridge
Review of the Phenomenon Ye Guangfu squeezed water onto two liquid bridge plates, and the water balls were shaped like upside-down bowls. The liquid bridge plates are closed, and the "bottoms" of the two water polo balls touch the "bowl bottom"; the liquid bridge plates are separated, and a "bridge" with a thin middle and thick ends connects the two plates; Wang Yaping then pulls the liquid bridge plate away, and the liquid bridge Becoming thinner and longer, still not disconnected.
Expert interpretation Zhang Lu said that the microgravity environment and liquid surface tension are the main reasons for the formation of liquid bridges. Liquid bridges in daily life are not easy to detect. For example, when washing hands, two fingertips accidentally form a few millimeters of liquid column. If you pull it farther away, it will collapse due to gravity. In the space station, astronauts easily demonstrated a liquid bridge hundreds of times larger than the ground, which is a sight that is impossible to see on the ground.
Extended reading Liquid surface tension is a high-frequency word in "Tiangong Classroom". The water film and water polo experiments conducted in the Tiangong-1 space class and the first space class on the Chinese Space Station all illustrate this principle. Kang Qi, a researcher at the Institute of Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that the space station can get rid of the influence of ground gravity to the greatest extent, creating good conditions for fluid mechanics research including liquid bridge experiments. On September 15, 2016, the Tiangong-2 Space Laboratory took off with the liquid bridge thermocapillary convection experimental project.
Experiment 3: "Inseparable" water and oil
Phenomenon review Wang Yaping shook a bottle containing water and oil vigorously to allow the water and oil to fully mix, and a yellow color appeared in the bottle . As time passed, nothing changed in the bottle, and the oil droplets were still evenly distributed in the water. Ye Guangfu came to help, grabbing the string tied to the bottle and swinging the bottle. After a few turns, the water and oil are clearly separated, with oil in the upper layer and water in the lower layer.
Expert Interpretation "We all know that oil on the ground is lighter than water, and we are used to seeing oil splashes when we drink soup." Liang Wenjie, a researcher at the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, said, however, in the space station, the situation is much different. Differently, the reason why water and oil are "inseparable" and remain mixed for a long time is because the density stratification disappears in a microgravity environment, that is, the buoyancy disappears.
"The reason why water and oil are successfully separated in the sky is that the bottle rotates at high speed like a centrifuge. It can be understood that the centrifugal effect causes buoyancy to reappear." Zhang Lu said.
Extended reading Researchers can use the characteristics of microgravity environments to conduct research, such as using the disappearance of density stratification and injecting gas into molten alloys in microgravity environments to obtain important information in the fields of aerospace, energy and environmental protection. Material - foam metal.
Relatedly, the high microgravity scientific experiment cabinet can provide a high microgravity environment. Its internal microgravity level is a hundred to a thousand times that of the space station cabin, which is closer to the real universe; the external design is air-floating , two-stage maglev levitation, which reduces the impact of interference factors such as acceleration caused by the attitude and orbit control maneuvers of the space station, torque and vibration caused by the operation of various instruments, changes in the center of mass and impact caused by astronaut activities, and disturbances from the solar wind and thin atmosphere. Can support more precise scientific experiments.
Experiment 4: "Bing Dundun" doing somersaults
Phenomenon review The Beijing Winter Olympics mascot "Bing Dundun" made his final appearance, ushering in the "highlight moment" of the space journey . Wang Yaping threw the "Ice Dun Dun" ornament forward horizontally. His always naive "Dunt Dun" posture was particularly light. He drew a beautiful straight line with several "somersaults" and stood firmly in Ye Guangfu's hands.
Experts interpret the space parabola experiment to demonstrate the phenomenon described by Newton's first law. In the space station, the "Ice Dundun" ornament is almost unaffected by external forces after being thrown, and maintains approximately uniform linear motion. Zhang Jian, the main classroom teacher on the ground at the "Tiangong Classroom" and a physics teacher at the Second Affiliated Middle School of Beijing Normal University, said that the ideal state of object movement in the eyes of people on earth can now be explored in space.
Extended reading Why should we carry out on-orbit scientific experiments? Zhang Lu introduced that the experimental projects currently underway are to reveal special phenomena in microgravity environments and to understand the world from a scientific perspective; Assist ground scientific research and improve technological level through on-orbit experiments; third, there is a high vacuum environment, radiation, sub-magnetic field, etc. outside the cabin. The impact of these special environmental factors on organisms, materials, components, etc. is also what we need to study; The fourth is to further explore unknown areas, including dark matter detection, planetary origin exploration, etc. After the Wentian and Mengtian experimental modules are launched, a large number of cutting-edge scientific experiments will be carried out on the Chinese Space Station.
Complete content of the first lesson of the Space Station’s 2022 Tiangong Classroom
Display of astronauts’ work and life scenes on orbit
——Zhai Zhigang introduces the secret weapon “Penguin Suit”
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Astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping, and Ye Guangfu of the Shenzhou 13 flight crew vividly introduced and displayed the work and life scenes of the space station.
Being in space, the weightless environment will cause the astronaut's blood distribution to be different from that on the ground, and the blood in the lower limbs will surge up, so the astronaut's face will look "fat". So, how will astronauts combat weightlessness through exercise?
Astronaut Zhai Zhigang said that weightlessness has an impact on our cardiovascular system, our bones, and our muscles. In order to protect our muscles from atrophy caused by weightlessness, in addition to treadmills, bicycles, and tensioners, there is also a secret weapon in our space station. Students, do you think there is anything different about the clothes Teacher Ye is wearing? From the outside, there is no difference. Let’s take a look at its internal structure.
These are the two adjustment rings of the chest strap, used to adjust the tightness of the chest elastic strap. These straps bind the human body tightly so that the muscles can maintain a certain tension for a long time, which can effectively prevent muscle atrophy caused by weightlessness. The name of this suit is called the penguin suit.
During the teaching process, netizens discovered that Wang Yaping was in the sleeping area of ??the space station, posting photos with her family. She also said that in the space station, "you can talk to your family on the phone at night." Netizens lamented: Family is eternal dependence!
Project 2
Space cytology research display
——Ye Guangfu shows you the beating heart muscle in weightlessness Cells
Shenzhou 13 crew astronaut Ye Guangfu: We are currently conducting research on cell growth and development under weightless conditions. In the early stage, we carried out a lot of research on cells, with different cycles, different times and different units. The cells were cultured in two states of artificial mobility and complete weightlessness. Then compare these two groups of cells to see what kind of changes their growth and morphology undergo under powered and unpowered conditions. Then we will further study its changing rules and mechanisms, etc., and we also selected different types of cells for research, including skin stem cells, cardiac muscle cells, etc.
Shenzhou 13 crew astronaut Ye Guangfu: This is a picture of myocardial cells observed under a fluorescence microscope. Have you seen a flash of fluorescence? Do you know why? In fact, This is a reaction of the cells' own bioelectricity. Because these cells are alive, we can see such a picture by using a special method such as bioelectricity to stimulate fluorescence, which is very magical.
Shenzhou 13 crew astronaut Ye Guangfu: These are also myocardial cells. They are contracting in sheets. You can take a closer look. They are moving like myocardium, and their Movement is very rhythmic. They are jumping happily inside, as if telling everyone that we are living well, isn't it amazing? Welcome everyone to come to space to participate in cell research!
Project 3
Turning around in space
——Ye Guangfu tried to turn around in space without using handles
A classmate from Beijing asked whether he could walk normally in space as on the ground. Ye Guangfu answered his question with action: No! It turns out that in space, without the help of gravity, people cannot walk like they do on the ground and can only float around.
If you can’t walk in space, what about turning around in space? The answer is that it’s not that easy! After trying many methods, Ye Guangfu finally succeeded in turning around.
"Hey, I'm floating." "I took a deep breath." First, he showed off the secret space weapon "Penguin Suit", then he performed a "space walk" non-stop, and finally he was asked to try to complete space without using handles. Turn around. Ye Guangfu is called Mr. Ye, the tool man of Tiangong, by netizens.
Wang Yaping said: "Although Teacher Ye has worked very hard, it seems that he has not succeeded yet... Come on, try harder!"
Project 4
Buoyancy Disappearance Experiment
——Wang Yaping reveals why table tennis balls can stay in water in space?
In the first lesson of "Tiangong Classroom", Wang Yaping also conducted an experiment in which buoyancy disappeared. In space, the table tennis ball does not float on the water like it does on the ground, but stays in the water. Why is this?
Astronaut Wang Yaping said that this is completely different from the phenomenon on the ground. Yes, this is because the buoyancy force is generated by gravity. In the weightless environment of space, the buoyancy force almost disappears, so the table tennis ball cannot float like it does on the ground.
Project 5
Water Film Tension Experiment
——The flowers made by Wang Yaping and his daughter bloom in space
In the "Tiangong Classroom" , astronaut Wang Yaping, with the assistance of Zhai Zhigang and Ye Guangfu, took out an origami flower he completed with his daughter to demonstrate the water film experiment. Subsequently, the flower "bloomed" in space
Project 6
Water polo optical experiment
- Wang Yaping demonstrates how a water polo appears to be one positive and one positive under microgravity Two reverse images
How does a water polo form in a weightless environment? Why are there two images, one forward and one reverse? Wang Yaping will take you to do an interesting experiment.
Wang Yaping, astronaut of the Shenzhou 13 crew: Now we inject water into the water film to turn it into a big water ball. Students all know that this is because the surface tension of water will be greater in a weightless environment. Show your power, so we can make a water balloon that cannot be made on the ground.
Shenzhou 13 crew member Wang Yaping: Let’s add a little more water to make the water polo bigger, rounder and more beautiful.
Shenzhou 13 crew astronaut Wang Yaping: Students, can you see a magnified version of me now? I did this during the last space lecture. Everyone knows that this is a convex lens. Imaging results.
Wang Yaping, astronaut on the Shenzhou 13 crew: Let’s first ask Teacher Ye to extract the bubbles in the water balloon, and then we inject another large bubble into the water balloon. Classmates, now do you see two images, one positive and one negative? This is difficult to see on the ground.
Wang Yaping, astronaut of the Shenzhou 13 crew: Students can also think about why there are two images, positive and negative. Interested students can study it in depth. Here I can give you a small Hint, this is because the bubbles split the water sphere into two parts and imaged them separately.
Project 7
Effervescent tablet experiment
- What will happen if the effervescent tablet is placed in a space water balloon? Wang Yaping: Fragrant and happy bubble ball
Everyone knows that effervescent tablets will produce a lot of bubbles when they meet water, so what will happen when effervescent tablets and water balloons meet in space?
Today’s (9th) “Tiangong Classroom” In the first class, space teacher Wang Yaping conducted such an experiment. The effervescent tablets were seen bubbling continuously in the water balloon. However, in the weightless environment, although the bubbles were continuously generated, they did not leave the water balloon. As the bubbles continue to increase, the water ball gradually turns into a "bubble ball" full of joy, and produces bursts of fragrance.
The significance of Tiangong Classroom
This is a vivid patriotic education class. The significance of "Tiangong Classroom" is not only science popularization. The podium is located in the infinite space, and the classroom is in the land of China. The world is far apart, but teachers and students interact freely, as if they are in the same classroom. Behind this seemingly simple interaction is a true demonstration of my country’s aerospace technology strength. Not only that, in this unique class, astronaut Wang Yaping took everyone to visit the space station. Whether it is recycled water or a "penguin suit" that can reduce the impact of weightlessness on the body, every item full of technological content makes people admire our country. Technological strength. This is also refreshing and eye-opening for young people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang, and will surely strengthen their ambition, backbone and confidence to be Chinese. From this perspective, "Tiangong Classroom" is a rare patriotic education.
Science is the cornerstone for a country to go a long way. "Tiangong Classroom" ignites the dream of science and the dream of a strong country. As more young people look up at the stars, let the seeds of dreams germinate in their hearts, and let the scientific spirit be carried forward, they will surely become a solid force in building a world that is powerful in science and technology.
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