When the poem said that it could not help the world by borrowing stubborn stones, it was abandoned by the world and spent half its life down and out. I had to turn to a book and write my own observations and feelings about reality into a novel A Dream of Red Mansions. The so-called "no talent", seemingly ashamed, is actually conceited, which is the author's angry words and a feeling of "treating a strange man as a poet"; Take a hard stone as a metaphor to show unconventional pride. The Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty produced by the novel is the turning point of the last dynasty in China history from prosperity to decline. Some old-fashioned economic bases have absorbed the ideas of other countries with the trend of the times and transformed into a new production relationship. The author sees that the social system will change after the emergence of "peaceful and prosperous times". He is dissatisfied with the reality, but he wants to "mend the sky" and save the decline. But he also saw that the "sky" of the society at that time was so broken that it could not be repaired at all, so he lamented that he had wasted his life. This is also the nihility and pessimism often revealed in A Dream of Red Mansions.
However, in A Dream of Red Mansions, Cao Xueqin insisted on the realistic creation principle of "following the track, not daring to make any loopholes and distorting for the people". In this way, it is bound to be as Engels said: "I have to go against my class sympathy and political prejudice." He saw the inevitability of the demise of his beloved nobles and described them as people who did not deserve a better fate. " (To Ma Harkness) This makes us see the irreversible historical fate that the whole feudal class is bound to "fail" from Cao Xueqin's Before and After, that is, the decline and fall of a typical feudal family depicted in the novel. The original title of A Dream of Red Mansions, The Story of the Stone. This is the first poem in an open book, and it is also the focus of the book. The poem on the stone is the poem on the stone, which is a transliteration of the Sanskrit "Luotuo", and the free translation is "ode", that is, Buddhist poetry. The author begins with a fictional fairy story in Shan Hai Jing, which not only implies that the "heaven" in feudal society is incomplete, but also expresses the author's strong feeling that he can't realize his ambition in the face of the riddled feudal society. It seems that the author is ashamed of his inability to save the tide of feudal society, but in fact it is the author's angry words about his untimely birth and inability to realize his political ambitions. Here, he not only saw that the "heaven" of feudal society was broken, but also realized that the break was irreversible. Since the decay and collapse of feudal buildings can't be saved, and the author is independent of the world, he refused to go along with the corrupt feudal rulers, hoping that he would "return to the original", so he had to divert his life energy, borrow the pen of literature, hold the mouth of a stubborn stone, and write his life experiences and stories into 1000 ancient books, hoping to spread them widely in order to awaken all beings in the world of mortals.
In order to express feelings and arouse readers' interest, the author of A Dream of Red Mansions introduced readers into a dreamy world at the beginning of the book, and skillfully invented a story of "illusory life" with the help of the familiar myth of goddess mending the sky. The experience of stone is the experience of Jia Baoyu; Stone is a symbol of Jia Baoyu, and it also contains the shadow of the author Cao Xueqin.
Nothing can fill the sky, which is the author's grief and feeling for his helplessness in the last days of feudal society. From his own experience, he saw the corruption and depravity of the aristocratic society where he came from, and everything he once loved was irretrievably destroyed. He realized the inevitability of this ending from a simple dialectical point of view, and realized that the aristocratic class did not deserve a better fate, so he mercilessly exposed and whipped them. However, the author is not without nostalgia for his rich and prosperous life in the past, especially for many characters (mostly pure and kind young women) who he warmly praised and burned with the collapse of feudal families. He also wanted to do something to make up for the broken "heaven" in feudal society, but society did not give him such an opportunity (there may be no way to do anything). So that he was "half down and out, accomplished nothing" and spent the rest of his life in poverty and loneliness. Therefore, "Waste into the world of mortals for many years" is about the lament of Jia Baoyu and the author himself. (1) Color Paradise: From ancient myths. Legend has it that the sky collapsed in ancient times, and Nu Wa was refined into five-color stones to repair it. It is a fairy tale that the author is unable to save the disintegration of the feudal social system. "Huainanzi Lan Mingxun": "In the past, the four poles (four pillars supporting the sky) were abolished, Kyushu was divided, the sky was not covered (the land could not be covered due to collapse), and the land was underdeveloped (the land could not carry everything due to collapse). The fire rages (like an extension of violence) but does not go out. The water is huge and endless. Beasts eat people (kindness), while raptors catch the old and the weak. Therefore, Nu Wa refined five-color stones to make up the sky, broken turtles (big turtles) set up four poles, killed the black dragon to help Jizhou (Central Plains), and accumulated reed ashes to stop prostitution (flooding). Tian Bu, four poles are positive, lewd water is exhausted, Jizhou is flat, sly insects die, and people's livelihood is destroyed. "
(2) The sentence "I left for nothing": I came to this world for so many years for nothing. The author lamented the wasted years. The world of mortals, Ban Gu's Ode to the Westward Journey: "The world of mortals is four in one, and the sea of clouds is connected." It was originally written about the prosperity of Chang 'an, and later used to say that the world is bustling. There is a plot in the novel that the stone was "brought into the world of mortals by scholars and mysterious real people".
(3) "This Line" sentence: This is the story of the stone before and after. The novel said that Jia Baoyu was a stone in front of him, but after some experience in the world, he was "led to the other side" and still turned into a stone, so he said so.
(4) The sentence "Who is the money (gas)" means: "Who will copy it for me and make a legend?" Please call me money. Zhou Note: The sender entrusts the dissemination. Vivid expression is the highest theory of Gu Kaizhi, a great painter in Jin Dynasty, and the writer takes it as the criterion. I don't have the talent to repair the broken sky,
I have lived in the world for so many years in vain;
What is recorded here is my experience before and after my death.
Please look at the person who copied the legend to the world.