The ideological nature of poetry appreciation 1 1. Interpretation of test sites:
1, the ideological content of poetry and the author's views and attitudes are the social reality reflected by the poet's poetic language, and are the author's thoughts, feelings, attitudes towards life, personal ideals and political tendencies.
2. The evaluation of the ideological content of poetry and the author's attitude is to understand the ideological content of poetry, grasp its emotional tone, analyze its social significance and judge its social value.
Second, autonomous learning.
1. Understand the thoughts and feelings of poems with different themes.
① Landscape pastoral poetry
In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the poems of Tao Yuanming and others formed the pastoral school; The poems of Xie Lingyun and Xie Shu in the Southern Dynasties formed the school of pastoral poetry. In the Tang Dynasty, the poems of Wang Wei and Meng Haoran formed the pastoral school. Landscape pastoral poems mainly describe natural or pastoral scenery and rural life, or take the labor of farmers and fishermen as the theme. Create a rural life with quiet mountains, leisurely fields and simple and hardworking farmers. Its ideological content is often:? Love nature and scenery. Such as Wang Wei's "Autumn Night in the Mountain"; ? Indifferent and quiet, noble feelings of not colluding with the secular, disgusted with officialdom, longing for seclusion. For example, Tao Yuanming's calligraphy of "returning to the garden, few but not vulgar" is a quiet, leisurely and carefree state of mind.
② frontier poems
Frontier poetry is a relatively broad concept. The content either describes the military life of the frontier fortress, or shows the cold living environment of the frontier fortress, or shows the magnificent frontier fortress scenery. Frontier fortress poems express the lofty sentiments of eager to make contributions to the country; Write about the deep homesickness of border guards and the departure of women at home; Satire and admonish the rulers who expand their territory and use their weapons; Marvel Comics is good at describing the exotic scenery and folk customs on the frontier and land.
(3) Poetry.
This kind of poetry is often lyrical by supporting things or borrowing things, that is, the poet makes the things written by the poet have aesthetic feeling and expresses the author's feelings and ambitions through detailed and vivid description of things. For example, Yu Qian's Ode to a Lime uses lime as a metaphor to express his determination to be loyal to the country, not afraid of sacrifice and stick to noble sentiments. Another example is Li Bai's "Climbing Mount Tianmu in a Dream", which follows the description of fairyland to express the arrogant character of not being a powerful person.
(4) chant epic poems.
Poems about history and nostalgia are based on historical figures, events and historical records, expressing feelings of rise and fall, expressing grief and satirizing the present. Generally speaking, reciting ancient poems about history is not narrative poetry. We should integrate our own feelings and comments, satirize the present through the past, reflect our concern for reality in a tortuous way, or cherish the past and hurt the present, describe the ups and downs of the past, satirize the present through the past, or hurt ourselves through the hands of others, so it is difficult to pay for our ambitions. Such as Du Fu's Shu Xiang and Su Shi's Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia.
Send a farewell poem to a friend.
In China's poetry circles, farewell poems have always been an important theme of poets' creation. Ecstasy Just parting. As a most affectionate poet, when he leaves his close friend, there will be a passion in his heart that he will not spit out. Farewell poems generally express nostalgia and yearning for friends, or exhortation and blessing to friends. At other times, they express parting feelings and reluctance, and imagine loneliness, melancholy and loneliness after parting. Such as Liu Yong's Lin Yuling.
⑥ Homesick Poems in Travel
In ancient times, some poets lived in other places for a long time, or lived far away, or drifted away, or sought jobs, or were relegated to famous mountains and rivers on their way to work, or visited relatives and friends. The so-called detention is the intention to live in a foreign country for a long time for the above reasons. This kind of poetry often shows the hardships of travel, service and official travel, and expresses endless homesickness, endless yearning for relatives and frustration.
There are four kinds of emotions expressed in poems on the journey:
Third, describe the hardships of the journey and express the inner loneliness, desolation and homesickness. Such as a night-mooring near maple bridge by Zhang Ji and Qiu Si by Ma Zhiyuan.
Fourth, have deep feelings for your family and express your love and yearning for your loved ones. Such as Meng Jiao's Wandering Sons.
Fifth, express the loneliness, resentment and indignation of living alone in a foreign country and not being reused. For example, Du Fu's Mountaineering Residence and Fan Zhongyan's The Fisherman's Pride.
Sixth, express the feelings of hating war and missing relatives in hometown.
⑦ Express poetry immediately.
That is, expressing one's feelings about something means that a poet expresses his feelings because something happens. The ancients often wrote poems on the topic of immediate events, which were born out of a little truth, expressing their feelings, or worrying about the country and the people, or reflecting on the war, or eager to make achievements, or frustrated in their official career or pregnant with people in their boudoir, or eulogizing mountains and rivers.
The ideological nature of poetry appreciation II. Examining the topic
Poetry title is the eye of poetry and the key to our understanding of the ideological content of poetry. Therefore, we can understand the content of the poem from the title.
1, reading a book (1) Zhu's half-acre square pond opened and the sky was overcast.
Ask where the canal is so clear, because there is running water at the source.
Example 2: Su Shi's gift to Liu Jingwen. He didn't shelter from the rain, but there were still branches of Ao Shuang in the chrysanthemum.
Good years must be remembered, when it was orange, yellow and green.
The title tells us that this is a farewell poem. Since it is for friends, it is not just to tell friends an objective fact, but to have another meaning. So the answer should be: because the cold has cultivated orange's tough character and lofty integrity. It shows that only a bad environment can exercise people and test and identify a person's character.
Second, know the author.
The ancients had an important experience in reading-knowing people and discussing the world. In other words, in order to understand the ideological content of the article and the author's thoughts and feelings, we must understand the author's life and background of the times. In fact, the themes, thoughts and feelings expressed in many poems are related to the author's life experience and the times he lives in.
Example 3. Yongmei, a diviner, broke the bridge outside Luyou Post and felt lonely. It's already dusk, and it's stormy.
I have no intention of striving for spring. Every group of people are jealous, and they are all smashed into mud and crushed into ashes. Only the fragrance remains unchanged.
We have learned Lu You's poems in class, so we should have a general understanding of Lu You's life. I learned that he was a famous patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, and he always insisted on resisting gold, which was taboo for the peace faction, and was repeatedly ousted during his tenure. From this, we can understand that the poet refers to the lonely and devastated situation of plum blossom. These two sentences are written that the poet disdains to compete with the bureaucrats who crowd him out for glory, and he is not afraid of the jealousy and blow of the capitulators.
Three. With the help of notes
Sometimes, in order to reduce the difficulty of understanding and make it easier for candidates to understand, the questioner will provide some relevant information-either the author's brief introduction, the writing time, or the notes of sentences and words. These materials can often be used to help understand the meaning of words.
In spring, Zhang Hua improvised. Grass grows at the foot of Yiyang city, and streams flow east and west.
Fragrant trees have no flowers, and birds are singing all the way to the spring mountain.
Note: This poem was written after An Shi Rebellion.
With the help of the small note provided, it is easy to answer: 1, expressing the sadness that although the country has broken mountains and rivers for a long time, flowers fall and birds sing. 2, wrote a large piece of barren land, until the head is full of lush weeds.
Fourth, understand this poem.
To understand the content of ancient poetry, the most fundamental thing is to analyze and understand poetry. To understand a poem, we should pay attention to key words and "poetic eyes". China's ancient poems pay attention to conciseness and vividness, and express the richest content with the least words. The thoughts and feelings of poetry are often contained in these keywords and "poetic eyes". So be good at understanding the feelings contained in it.
On the Dongting Lake, Prime Minister Meng Haoran came here on the eighth day of the first month, sharing the same fate with the lake in the sky.
Ozawa's water vapor transpiration on the cloud soil is white, and the waves seem to shake the whole Yueyang.
Without a boat, if you want to help, how ashamed I am of being lazy than your politicians.
Sitting around watching other people's hard river fishing can only envy the fish caught in the fish.
Ex. 6: Shangshan went early, Wen began to collect taxes in the morning, and all the guests went to their hometown to pay their respects.
When a chicken crows at the Maodian Moon, people walk on the Banqiao Frost.