"Horse Poems" expresses the heroes' extraordinary talents, lofty ambitions, and untimely feelings and resentment by chanting, praising, or lamenting the fate of horses. The method of expression is analogous.
"Horse Poems"
Author: Li He
This horse is extraordinary,
Fang Xing is originally a star.
Knock the thin bones forward,
It still has the sound of copper.
Appreciation:
This poem describes the horse's good qualities, but bad experiences. Writing about people and yourself using the technique of imitating objects is a kind of euphemistic writing method that "makes use of the theme".
The first sentence goes straight to the point, expresses the original intention, affirms and emphasizes that the poem represents an extraordinary good horse. The starting sentence is straight and doesn't really have much poetic flavor.
The second sentence "Fang Xing is the native star" seems to repeat the meaning of the first sentence at first glance. "Fangxing" refers to a horse. The sentence says that Fangxing was originally a star in the sky, which means that this horse is not a mortal thing in the world. If the meaning of this sentence is limited to this, and is almost exactly the same as the first sentence, then it is guilty of duplication. There are only four sentences in the poem, the first sentence is mediocre, and the second sentence is repeated again, then half of the poem is boring and worthless. But if you chew it carefully, you will find that the second sentence has a new meaning, but the meaning is implicit in the words, which is more obscure and tortuous. There is a passage in "Book of Jin Astronomical Records": "The four stars of the house are also called Tiansi, which is the horse that drives the chariot. If the star of the house is bright, the king will be bright." It directly connects the "star of the house" with the "king" It means that the situation of the horse is closely related to the light and darkness of the king and the chaos of the country. Since the quality of the horse is good but the misfortune is bad, then it is self-evident that the king is unknown and political affairs are ignored. This is a "penetration method" that uses twists and turns to make the actual meaning it expresses far exceed the literal meaning.
Describe the form and quality of the horse in three or four sentences. If the first two sentences are mainly about judgment and reasoning and lack vivid and vivid images, then the last two sentences are just the opposite. They are vivid and express their ideas completely with the help of images. Li He writes poems and is good at capturing images. "Scenes that are hard to see are as if they are now." These two sentences are outstanding examples. "Skinny bones" describe the form, expressing the horse's situation; "copper sound" describes the quality, reflecting the horse's quality. The horse is skinny and skinny, indicating that it is in a bad situation. In the eyes of ordinary people, it is just an exhausted ordinary horse. Only those who truly love horses and are good at reading horses will not treat it as an ordinary horse. "Knocking the thin bones forward, they still have the sound of copper." Even though it was in a bad situation and was beaten into disgrace, its bones still had the sound of copper. The word "copper sound" sounds thick and solemn when read, and has a three-dimensional feel. It also contains many meanings: the sound of copper is pleasant to the ear, indicating that the equipment is excellent, thus vividly showing the beautiful quality of the horse's strong bones, making the inner things appear audible, visible, sensible, and knowable. object image. "Quality" is originally very abstract, and "sound" is also relatively elusive. They are both "virtual" things. It is indeed not easy to write fiction with fiction and turn fiction into reality, but the poet did it in just five words. The visualization technique is so superb that it can be said that he has reached the level of proficiency. What is especially valuable is that by writing about horses, the poem creates a profound artistic conception of the harmony between things and myself. The poet's talent was not found, and his situation was desolate, just like this skinny horse. When he wrote about horses, he was just euphemistically expressing the resentment pent up in his heart.
About the author:
Li He (about 791 AD - about 817 AD), courtesy name Changji, Han nationality, was born in Fuchang, Henan (now Yiyang County, Luoyang, Henan) in the Tang Dynasty , lived in Changgu, Fuchang, and was called Li Changgu in later generations. He was a descendant of Li Liang, Prince Zheng of the Tang Dynasty. Known as the "Poetry Ghost", he is a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty who is as famous as the "Poetry Sage" Du Fu, the "Poetry Immortal" Li Bai and the "Poetry Buddha" Wang Wei. There are famous works such as "Yanmen Taishou's Journey" and "Li Ping Konghou Yin". He is the author of "Changgu Collection".
Li He was a romantic poet in the mid-Tang Dynasty. Together with Li Bai and Li Shangyin, they were called the Three Lis of the Tang Dynasty. He is a representative of the transition period from the mid-Tang Dynasty to the late Tang Dynasty. Most of the poems he wrote lamented his untimely birth and inner depression, and expressed his pursuit of ideals and ambitions; they also reflected the separatist rule of feudal towns, the dictatorship of eunuchs, and the cruel exploitation of the people at that time. He left behind some eternal good sentences such as "Dark clouds threaten to destroy the city," "When the rooster sings, the world becomes white," and "If the sky is affectionate, the sky will also grow old."
Li He's poetry is extremely imaginative, and he often uses myths and legends to support the past and present. Therefore, later generations often call him a "ghost genius" and a "poetry ghost", and his poems are called "Ghosts and Immortals". Ci". There is a saying that "the immortal talents of Taibai and the ghosts of Changji". Li He is another famous romantic poet in the history of Chinese literature after Qu Yuan and Li Bai.