Chen Yuyi (1090-1138), whose courtesy name was Qufei and whose name was Jianzhai, was from Luoyang (now part of Henan). He was a Jinshi in the third year of Zhenghe (1113) and later became a doctor of Taichang. During the Shaoxing period, he successively served as a member of the Ministry of War, Wai Lang, and a member of Qianzhong Shushe. He went out to Huzhou to become a scholar of the Hanlin Academy and to make imperial edicts. In the seventh year, he paid homage to the government affairs department. He died of illness next year at the age of forty-nine. There is a biography in "History of Song Dynasty". He is good at poetry and created Jian Zhai style. Fang Hui believed that Yuyi was the third sect of Jiangxi school after Huang Tingjian and Chen Shidao. There are ten volumes of "Jian Zhai Ji" and one volume of "Wu Xiang Ci".
●Linjiang Fairy
Climb the small pavilion at night and recall the old tours in Luozhong
Recalling the old days of drinking on the Wuqiao Bridge, most of them were heroes. The long ravine flows away silently. In the sparse shadows of apricot blossoms, I play the flute until dawn.
More than twenty years have been like a dream, although this body is in shock. I leisurely climbed up to the small pavilion to see the new weather. There are so many things in ancient and modern times, fishermen sing the third watch.
Appreciation of Ci Works
This poem "Linjiang Immortal" was probably written in the fifth year (1135) or the sixth year (1136) of Emperor Gaozong's Shaoxing period when Chen Yuyi retired to Qingdun Town. It was written while living in a monk's residence, when the author was forty-six or forty-seven years old. Chen Yuyi is from Luoyang. He recalled his trip to Luoyang more than 20 years ago. It was during the Zhenghe period of Emperor Huizong, when the world was peaceful and peaceful, and people could enjoy sightseeing. Later, the Jin soldiers went south and the Northern Song Dynasty was destroyed. Chen Yuyi fled and faced hardships. After the Southern Song Dynasty moved south, it could only stand on its own. Looking back on the past twenty years, I really have mixed feelings. But when he wrote lyrics to express this kind of sadness, he did not express his feelings directly, but used a euphemistic tone to sing out sighs (this is the key to writing lyrics). The first film is a recollection of old travels in Luozhong. Wuqiao is in the south of Luoyang, where Pei Du had a villa in the Tang Dynasty. The two sentences "In the sparse shadows of the apricot blossoms, playing the flute until dawn" are indeed a coinage of the word "wonderful" (Hu Zai's comment, see "Tiaoxi Yuyincong Huahou Collection" Volume 34), a kind of beautiful scenery at a good time, appreciate Happy things appear in the mind of the poet. But this is not the current reality, but the reappearance of the vast past twenty years ago. Liu Xizai said it well, "Chen Qufei..." Linjiang Immortal": "In the sparse shadows of the apricot blossoms, I played the flute until dawn." Therefore, I admired "Recalling the First" and wrote "A Dream", so I didn't notice these two sentences. The excitement turns into melancholy, which is the so-called good thing outside the sentence. "(Volume 4 of "Yi Gui") The next sentence begins: "More than twenty years have been like a dream, although this body is in a state of desolation. "Let's talk about the present at once. The two sentences contain the infinite vicissitudes of national affairs and the loss of close friends over the past twenty years. The content is very substantial and the writing is very ethereal." To further express his lamentation, but to write directly, the author thought of the rise and fall of the country and his own displacement, so he watched the sunshine and listened to the fishermen's singing, transforming the heavy emotions of sorrow and anger into broad-minded feelings.
The rhythm of this poem. It is bright, pure and natural, and there is no trace of artificiality. Zhang Yan calls this word "really natural" (Volume 2 of "Etymology"). However, "natural" does not mean crude and superficial, which requires the author to be higher. Literary literacy. Peng Sunjiong said well, "Ci is based on nature, but nature does not come from the pursuit of ideas, and it is also easy and tasteless. As mentioned, the extremely brilliant things still return to dullness. ... Just like "In the sparse shadows of the apricot blossoms, playing the flute until dawn" in "Wuzhu Ci", it is natural." ("Jinsu Ci")
Although Chen Yuyi has few Ci poems, he is well received. Later generations praised it highly and believed that its characteristics were very similar to Su Dongpo's. Huang Sheng of the Southern Song Dynasty said that Chen Yuyi "Although there are not many words, the meaning of his words is extraordinary. Those who know him say that he is the base of the Immortal of Mopo." "(Volume 1 of "Selected Poems Since the ZTE") Chen Tingzhuo of the Qing Dynasty also said that the poems such as "Linjiang Immortal" have "an extraordinary broadness of writing style, approaching that of Dasu." "(Volume 1 of "Bai Yuzhai Ci") Did Chen Yuyi intentionally imitate Su Dongpo when he wrote lyrics? From his personality and poems, we can see that he did not intentionally imitate, but the natural expression of emotions. Chen Yuyi's poems are similar to those of Huang ( Ting Jian), Chen (Shi Dao), a distant ancestor of Du Fu, was not influenced by Su Shi. As for writing lyrics, it was a work of pleasure when he retired in his later years. He was not a professional lyricist before, so he paid little attention to the lyrics at that time. It can be seen that the trend of Ci poetry has not been affected by it. For example, since Liu Yong and Zhou Bangyan, slow Ci has been popular, but Chen Yuyi has not written a slow Ci. By the late Northern Song Dynasty, his Ci was specially carved and had a sense of artificiality. Bang Yan is famous for his "rich and refined craftsmanship", and He Zhu is also the same. Chen Yuyi's lyrics are free, fast and natural, without any artificial decoration. It can be seen that Chen Yuyi writes lyrics alone and does his own thing, and naturally he does not intend to imitate Su ( Dongpo).
However, since he was good at composing poems and writing lyrics in his later years, he naturally used poetic methods to coincide with Su's. It is possible to expand the content and create original ideas, but it is still necessary to maintain the essential beauty of the word style, and not to reveal the bluntness and roughness of the words, and lose the meaning of the words. Su Dongpo was the first to "use poetry as words", but Su Dongpo's masterpieces of poetry, such as "Bu Suanzi". (The missing moon hangs on the sparse tung trees), "Shui Tiao Ge Tou" (When will the bright moon appear), "Yong Yu Le" (the bright moon is like frost), "Dong Xian Song" (Bing Muscle and Jade Bone), "Eight Sounds of Ganzhou" ( Works such as "The Love Wind is Coming" and "Yu Meiren" (Swallows Flying in the Flower House) are all "like spring flowers scattered in the sky, leaving no trace, making the willow branches sing, just like the song of the sky wind and sea waves, with many deep breaths" "The sound of resentment" ("Dongpo Ci" hand-written by Xia Jingguan, quoted from Long Yusheng's "Selected Poems of Famous Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties"). Commentators must not know this meaning.