On a winter day in 2007, I came to Yiyang from Luoyang with three or five friends to look for Li He's hometown. After many twists and turns, under the guidance of many fellow villagers, we came to Changgu. Here, I have traveled all over Changgu, and I can't find anything to mourn Li He. There is only one stone tablet with the words "Li He's hometown" written in rough font, which is isolated from the village entrance.
Alas, it's a pity that Li He was down and out before his death.
Now, ask all the villagers, do you know Li He? Surprisingly, the villagers here, from old people to children, all know Li He, and some can even recite many poems of Li He, which is amazing.
Speaking of Li He, we know more about his talent than his down-and-out life.
As a descendant of Li Tang's royal family, Li He should live a luxurious life. In fact, it's far from it. In reality, Li He's life is full of frustration and despair, and he has not touched the royal light at all. If I sum up Li He's life experience in one sentence, I think it is: "Being named Phoenix is really a bald chicken".
It's not too early to study until you tie your hair.
Swallows grow old before the final army takes the pass.
This is Li He's Spring Back to the Long Valley. From this poem, we may be able to read Li He's lofty aspirations under his grim face.
In the quietness and dullness of Changgu, Li He may have experienced the general situation of poetry. He can even do it. Poetry grows in the long valley and moves in the sea. However, this is not entirely what Li He pursues. What he hopes is that, just like many scholars in ancient times, "learning to be excellent is an official."
"Swallows get old before the final army is taken." Li He wants to write a letter to the final army. It's a pity that he is not yet eighteen years old, but he is as ashamed as Yan Hui, a student of Confucius.
If Li He wants to be an official, he has to go out.
The pulley on the well rotates on the bed,
The underwater sound is complex and the chord sound is shallow.
What's it like? Xun ... The first day of Chengtou, you lived in Chengtou;
A thousand years a day, no need to shed.
In the second year of Yuanhe in Tang Xianzong (AD 807), Li He used this poem to bid farewell to his newly-married wife, who was reluctant to part with him, and went from Changgu to Luoyang, the eastern capital, with a splendid atmosphere.
This year, Han Yu was appointed as Dr. imperial academy in Luoyang. Han Yu naturally met Li He, but there is a beautiful legend about their second meeting. Whether the legend is true or not, we will no longer verify it, but it is indeed a beautiful talk and worth spreading for thousands of years.
During the Yuanhe period, Han Yu, who had been in decline for eight generations, was not confused, and he was already famous in Lin Wen. About this, Li He naturally knew that after he arrived in Luoyang, he first threw poems at Han Yu in order to win the sword. One hot summer day, Han Yu woke up from a nap, and when he was tired, his master came to report that a young man threw a poem at the door. For such a thing, Han Yu has long lost interest, but there is nothing to do, so he just flipped through the manuscript. It doesn't matter if you don't look at it. It looks like an electric shock. "Dark clouds press the city, and armor is scattered to the sun." When Han Yu saw the first sentence, he was sighing and crying. Han Yu has long been obsessed with that artistic conception, forgetting that there are masters around him and teenagers outside the door. It was not until the master reminded him that he woke up like a dream, and he quickly ordered the master to invite him.
The meeting ten years later naturally made the two poets feel more deeply. Han Yu lamented that Li He went further and stood out as a poet. After eight generations, Li Hezan and Han Yuwen became the pillars of Lin Wen in the Tang Dynasty.
Li He, who just arrived in Luoyang, is very happy. Li Shangyin's Biography of Li Changji contains: "We are close travelers, including Wang Shenyuan, Quan Kun and Cui Zhi. Every day at sunrise, I travel with gentlemen, I have no problem, and then I write poems if others think the connection and time are limited. " It can be seen that after Li He found his bosom friend, he felt quite happy.
It's a pity that it didn't take long for such a day, and Li He suffered a major blow in his official career.
I believe that friends who like to read ancient Chinese have read an article "Debate on Taboos" written by Han Yu in "The View of Ancient Chinese". This article is written for Li He's application.
Li He's father's name is Jin Su. Because "Jin" and "Jin" are homonyms, scholars who are often jealous of Li He's talent have created a reason that Li He should avoid his father and should not promote Jinshi. Although Han Yu's Chen Shu has caused a heated debate, it is a pity that there are too many black hands behind it, including the famous Yuan Zhen. Li He is very helpless and can only comfort himself by sighing deeply for his career as deep as the sea. Since then, Li He's mood has become even lower, and his thoughts are hard to accept.
With the support of some friends in Beijing, Li He managed to give gifts for three years. Do you know what this Li Lang does? According to the Records of Officials in the Book of Tang Dynasty, this Li Lang was a small official with nine accomplishments, but he was in charge of all the people's teams and places of worship when the princes held sacrifices. Seeing this, we can really sigh. Such a genius has made these deeds, which shames us in Datang.
Whose Feng Huangming? It's not his choice.
Li He, a person, without comfort, can't grasp the direction of life more and more. This young man, who is famous in Beijing, has already exhausted his will, and he can't get out of this boundless loneliness more and more.
Li He felt the coldness of life, which made him almost unable to support it. He couldn't hold on any longer and missed the quiet Long Valley more and more.
Finally, one day, he is leaving. Poor Li He didn't give any thoughts, so he wrote down unspeakable sadness and bid farewell to Chang 'an, which was drifting away.
Maoling Liulang is a guest in the autumn wind, and I heard Ma Si's ignorance at night.
The osmanthus tree in the painting column hangs autumn fragrance, and the soil in the thirty-six palaces is green.
The morning glory of Wei Guan refers to a thousand miles, and the sour wind of Dongguan shoots eyes.
Empty sent John out of the palace door, thinking of your tears like lead water.
Declining orchid to send guests to Xianyang Road, if the sky is old.
The lonely moon is bleak, and the acropolis is low.
Since then, there has been another walker in the land of Long Valley. He is thin and eccentric, riding a weak horse, learning from slaves since childhood, carrying an old and broken toolkit and lamenting between Shan Ye. If he has any income, he throws a book into his toolkit, and when he gets home, he will definitely take it out and grind it carefully. After the poem was finished, Li He ignored it again, stopped asking, and let others take it.
Li He is a poet, good at walking and obsessed with nausea. In this way, Li He's white hair is like frost at an early age, and he is in his twilight years. In modern terms, Li He is overdrawing his life. When mother Li saw this, she felt sorry for her son and asked the maid to probe into her bag every day. There are too many books, so she said angrily, "What my son wants to vomit is my ear."
Disgusting poems are naturally shocking.
From "dark clouds crush the city to" rock-breaking autumn rain ",from" if the sky is sentimental, the sky is old "to" the cock crows all over the world ",from" the desert sand is like snow, the Yanshan moon is like a hook. " To "look at nine cigarettes in qi zhou, a glass of seawater flows backwards" ...
These sentences can really be described as "an eternal sentence, an eternal sentence".
Whether it is Li He's love for nature or the brand of his later sufferings, Li He's poems are independent in personality and different in style, and stand out among thousands of poets in the Tang Dynasty.
When I read Li's poems, I always find his style intoxicating, but his indifference is more urgent. Later generations used the word "strange, gorgeous and cold" to describe his poetic style, which I think is very appropriate.
Strangely, many poets in the Tang Dynasty had such a style, and Li He and Li Bai were the two most prominent. However, I think Li Bai's weirdness is normal. He just exaggerates with people's thinking, such as "three thousands of feet with white hair" and "I suspect that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days" and so on. We can all see these marks. Where is Li He? In my opinion, that's strange, beyond the imagination of ordinary people. Take his most famous sentence, "If there is love in the sky, it will grow old". This "heaven is full of love" is also very strange, but he came to a "heaven is easy to get old", which not only makes people angry, but also makes people think deeply. "Breaking the Rock" and "A Glass of Clear Water" are the direct manifestations of this style.
Sophistication is the essence of Li He's poetry and the main reason why Li He is called "Shi Gui". It seems that there are not many poets in this style in the Tang Dynasty. Old rabbit, cold toad, thin dumpling, snake venom, blue donkey and so on are all animals in our general life, but in Li He's poems, their appearance makes people feel chilly. Not only animals are mysterious in Li He's works, but also metals are mysterious in his poems. "Knock thin bones forward and bring your own copper sound." "Black flag ringing three-point bronze drums" and "Xi riding a bronze chain mail" are all evidence. If you think about it carefully, copper does have a cold quality, which makes people feel more mysterious because there is no life. In order to show the paradox, Li He finally moved the ghost out directly. Such as "Gui Mu Qiu Jiao Cry", "I'd like to take Han Ji to invite a ghost to write a book" and "The first night of the ghost lamp is like a picturesque pine blossom", all of which make people feel cold behind them.
Leng Yan is another feature of Li He's poems. If it's just coldness, that's normal. But Li He tied cold and bright together, which was a disaster. Look at this song "Qiu Lai", we know that this kind of "cold" and "gorgeous" can be so perfectly combined.
Autumn wind hits the heart, the strong man works hard, there is a faint light, and the owl cries for weaving a warm dress.
Who saw Qing Jian weaving books without sending flowers, insects, powder and empty moths?
This thought involves, my stomach should be worried tonight, the rain is cold, like an ancient poet comforting a hanging soul.
In the autumn night, in the cemetery, Bao's poems were recited, and their blood feud turned into jasper on the earth, which is hard to disappear for thousands of years.
This poem seems to be immersed in the cold from beginning to end. However, when we read it carefully, we will find some gorgeous places. For example, "Yu Han Xiang hangs a book", and he makes Yu Han Xiang marry, which makes people shine. Another example is "a thousand years hate blood", and the word "green" makes people think more. These Leng Yan combinations are like seeing the plum blossom in full bloom in the cold winter, which makes people feel a little warmer while being full of chill.
Datang, it was an era of poetry. Li He, however, stands out among thousands of poets in the Tang Dynasty with his strange coldness. It is also that strange and cold, "Shi Gui", I think, may be the best name for him by later generations.
"Shi Gui won't live long." Li He, who overdraws his body in exchange for his success in poetry, will eventually pay the price. Who can read the book written by Jian Yi? Only after twenty-seven years, Li He died of depression in grief.
Regarding the death of Li He, Li Shangyin wrote a story in Biography of Li Changji.
When Chang Ji was dying, he suddenly saw a man in red driving to Li He's bed in broad daylight, holding a blackboard in his hand and saying, "His name is Chang Ji." He complained bitterly that he still had an old mother and didn't want to go. The man in robes smiled and said, "The emperor has become a white jade building, and I will call you as a souvenir at once. There is no pain in the sky. " Alas, the sky is grey and high, and there is an emperor in the fruit If there is, there may be an emperor in the sky without Li He. Li He, not only on the ground, but also in the sky.
Li He left with a broken heart. Later generations came, but there was more sadness.
On a winter day in 2006, I also came to Changgu, Li He's hometown, with inexplicable sadness. There are no historical relics about Li He here, only an isolated stone tablet on the side of the road with four rough characters: "Li He's hometown". I stood by the stone tablet and looked around, looking for the back of Li Heyuan who had died for thousands of years. Unfortunately, I can't find anything, except the long river that has been practiced for thousands of years, and it is still smooth sailing.
The past is gone, and the newcomer is still hurt. The wind is unintentional and the water is affectionate.
When I was alone and silent on the banks of the Abeno Masahiro River, my eyes followed the stream, and wherever I looked, I seemed to see broken crystals, which were just Li He's tears whispering in a low voice. ...