1, understand the style and characteristics of nostalgic poems, and borrow the past to hurt yourself. Feel the deep affection of poetry and understand the main idea of poetry.
2. Feel the theme of the poem. Appreciate famous sentences and experience Du Fu's gloomy and frustrated poetic style.
3. Understand historical figures, pay attention to historical figures and think about historical figures.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching:
Appreciate poetry, understand the meaning and grasp the main idea.
Teaching time:
1 class hour
teaching process
First, the introduction of new courses.
In ancient China, there was a couplet describing four beautiful women, which was called "the gesture of closing the moon and feeling ashamed of flowers, the capacity of sinking fish and falling geese". It is a historical allusion composed of wonderful stories that "the moon is closed and the flowers are ashamed, and the fish sink and the geese fall". "Closed Moon" tells the story of Diusim and Yue Bai. Shame on Flowers is about Yang Guifei looking at flowers. "Sinking Fish" tells the story of washing sand with stones. The Wild Goose tells the story of Zhao Jun leaving the fortress.
The story of Zhaojun has become an enduring story of national unity in the history of our country. At the same time, the tragedy of Zhao Jun's leaving the fortress and dying outside the Great Wall is a theme often sung by scholars in past dynasties. Today, let's go back to history and walk into Du Fu's Ode to Monument (3), which is known as "the swan song of Zhao Jun", to get to know Wang Zhaojun and feel him.
Two. A Brief Introduction to Five Poems of "Poems about the Huai"
1, poetic style: a group of seven-character poems, with five * * *;
2. Content: Remembering Yu Xin, Song Yu, Wang Zhaojun, Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang;
3. Purpose: To express one's feelings through historic sites.
Third, be familiar with words and read aloud.
Athena Chu 1
Wan He (hè) went to (Fü) Jingmen (fēi) Shuo (Shu) Desert Tomb (zhǒng).
2. Read and recite aloud (experience Zhao Jun's endless resentment)
Step 3 explain the words
(1) Fei Ming: namely, Wang Qiang and Wang Zhaojun, concubines of Emperor Han Yuan. In the Jin Dynasty, it was renamed Mingjun for avoiding Si Mazhao, and later generations also called it Fei Ming. Zhaojun Village is 40 miles northeast of Guizhou (now Zigui County, Hubei Province), which is very close to Kuizhou.
(2) There is another village: there is also a village where she grew up, indicating that there are still historical sites. Jean: Still.
(3) Go away: It means that once Zhao Jun left the Han Palace and married the Xiongnu, he never came back and was always associated with Schumer.
④ Province ":pronounced as shěng, and the textbook is interpreted as" once ". There are different interpretations of "province", some are "less", some are "less" and some are "no". Either way, this poem satirizes the fatuity of the Han and Yuan emperors who only look at pictures but not people.
5 "empty": in vain.
⑥ "Spring Breeze Face": Synaesthesia technique, which transfers vision to feeling and writes the beauty of Zhao Jun's face.
All landowners "Pei Huan" women wear ornaments to show respect for the monarch.
Fourth, overall perception.
Combine annotations to perceive poetry. Thinking: Please find the words that can point out the main idea in the original text. Tell me what this poem is about.
Clarity: The main idea lies in the word "resentment". "Going away" is the beginning of resentment, and "staying alone" is the end of resentment. The author sympathizes with Zhao Jun and feels sorry for himself.
Clear: This is an ancient poem (an epic poem), and it hurts yourself to miss the past. The poet expressed his sadness of not being reused and his life experience drifting away by chanting Wang Zhaojun's unfortunate experience of not being met by the emperor and being buried beyond the Great Wall.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) poetry appreciation
1
Qian Shan ran all the way to Jingmen Mountain, where the famous Princess Xiangxi Village was left.
A farewell to the Han Palace is connected with the desert in the north, leaving only the Qing Tomb facing the desert at dusk.
Painters used to recognize Zhao Jun's beautiful face, and only after his death did he return home on a moonlit night.
Pipa has played Alakazam music for thousands of years and still clearly expresses her inner resentment.
2. Brief analysis
The first couplet leads to the object of singing, Wang Zhaojun, and points out the place where Zhaojun Village is located.
"Zhaojun Village, in Xiangxi, Zigui County, Hubei Province today. The word "go" here expresses the momentum of the mountain going and highlights the majesty of the Three Gorges Mountain. Such a majestic sentence was originally used to set off the place where heroes grew up. In order to raise Zhao Jun's "graceful beauty", the poet used the majestic weather of mountains and rivers to set off Wang Zhaojun's extraordinary.
Zhuan Xu-writing Zhao Jun's tragic life.
The first two sentences are about Zhaojun Village, and these two sentences are about Zhaojun himself, which forms a contrast between the place of birth and the place of death. These two short poems describe Zhao Jun's life tragedy. Wang Zhaojun left the Han Palace alone, married to the desert land in the north, and never came back. Finally, he died in a foreign country, leaving only a blue grave, shrouded in yellow sand.
"The word' Lian' wrote the scene of jam, and the word' Xiang' wrote the heart of missing Han, and there was a god in the pen." The word "dusk" here refers not only to time, but also to space. It refers to the boundless twilight, which is connected with the boundless desert and covers the fields.
"Zhong Qing" refers to the tomb of Wang Zhaojun. It is said that the grass beyond the Great Wall is white, but the grass on Zhaojun's tomb is evergreen, so it is called "Zhong Qing". Compared with the color of Purple Terrace and Green Grave, the artistic conception of Shuomo and Dusk creates a strong sad atmosphere and reveals a strong tragic color. These two sentences give people a feeling that heaven and earth are ruthless and green graves are born with hatred. It has artistic originality.
Necklace-the root of Zhaojun's tragedy: Emperor Han and Yuan only looked at pictures but not people's fatuity, which caused Zhaojun's hatred.
These two sentences begin with the turning point of Zhaojun's fate, and write that from the moment she stepped into the palace gate, she was doomed to be lonely in this life. A tearful mole in Mao Yanshou made Zhao an outsider for three years. Then, with a piece of paper and a book, her beauty will always be in the arms of Khan and his son.
The word "empty return" highlights Zhao Jun's deep resentment and deeply embodies the poet's sympathy. The word "moonlit night" vividly renders the desolate and cold environment when the soul returns. "Spring Breeze Face" and "Soul on a Moonlit Night" compare the youthful beauty before death and the ghosts under the moon after death. A beautiful appearance, a lonely soul of Leng Yue. The same Zhaojun, as before, as now, irony and sympathy are hidden in six words with different colors. The two sentences are mutually causal, accompanied by light and shadow, and written vividly, mixed with scenes. Skillful in writing, it also contains infinite feelings: I missed the opportunity to meet people before my death, and it is futile to return my soul after my death.
Of course, when poets write about Zhao Jun, they also write about themselves. While expressing deep sympathy for Zhao Jun's experience of being buried in the Palace, the Great Wall and living alone all his life, he also expressed his feelings of lack of talent.
End couplet-write Zhao Jun's resentment in a positive way, and point out the theme of the whole poem.
Zhao Jun is dead, but his resentment is hard to level. For thousands of years, Alakazam's pipa music has been full of resentment. "Resentment" means complaining that you have married far away and hating the ingratitude of Emperor Hanyuan. "Millennium" points out how long music has been circulating, thus showing the depth of Zhao Jun's resentment. This is also through the complaint of pipa to show dissatisfaction with the court. Du Fu's life situation is similar to Zhaojun's, so Zhaojun's misfortune is Du Fu's misfortune. Zhao Jun's resentment is Du Fu's resentment.
Sixth, summarize the main meaning.
This is an epic poem written by Du Fu when he passed by Zhaojun Village. In fact, the main idea of poetry is to recite historical sites to realize oneself. Although it is ostensibly written about Zhao Jun's "resentment", it is difficult to describe the resentment that Zhao Jun was born in the beautiful Yangtze River area and died in the desert outside the Great Wall. However, in connection with the background of writing, we can know that when expressing Zhao Jun's grievances, it includes his own life experience. Du Fu's ambition to help the world all his life was very high, but it didn't show up in the end. Although Su Zongchao worked in the capital, he was only a left-handed man. In this regard, he saved the house because he was worried about his country and loved his talents, angered Su Zong and was almost sentenced. Although he was rescued, he was finally alienated and finally resigned and drifted southwest. Zhaojun also married in a foreign land because the Emperor of the Han and Yuan Dynasties was fatuous and could not distinguish beauty from ugliness. He was displaced and couldn't go back, but he died and had an unforgettable hatred. Their experiences, experiences, situations, and places are similar. Obviously, the author hurt himself in nostalgia. While lamenting Zhao Jun's misfortune, he also expressed his deep resentment while expressing Zhao Jun's Millennium resentment.
Zhaojun poet
Beauty, when she entered the palace, was brilliant, and when she entered the DPRK, she was envious.
Draw pictures to save knowledge and stay away from the Han Palace? Ignoring loyalty, innocence is depravity.
Died in a foreign country, drifted southwest, and it was difficult to return home.
A thousand years of resentment (deep resentment)
Theme: The poet expressed his sadness that he could not be reused and his life experience drifted away by chanting the unfortunate experience that Wang Zhaojun was not received by the emperor and was buried outside the Great Wall.
Seven, summarize the artistic skills
1, use the past to satirize the present, miss the past and hurt yourself.
2. Contrast, against stability.