Serenade is one of the last solo art songs in Schubert's short life, and it is also one of Schubert's most famous works. This song is composed of poems by the German poet Lyle Staber.
As one of the genres of western music, "Serenade" takes love as its theme, and this "Serenade" is no exception. "My song floats to you gently, through the night ..." Under the guidance and contrast of the sound of the lyre played on the piano, there came a young man's deep love for his beloved girl. With the gradual sublimation of feelings, the tune reached its climax for the first time, and the first paragraph ended in the mood of pleading and expectation. After the lyrical and quiet interlude, the music turned to the major of the same name, "Dear, please listen to me and come to my arms", and the mood became more exciting, forming the climax of the whole song. Finally, there is a sequel from the second paragraph, as if the song of love echoed in the melody of the nocturne. Piano interlude between phrases is the echo of singing, which means the echo that the singer expects to hear.
Serenade originated in Europe in 17 and 18 centuries. It was originally a song sung by a man when he courted his sweetheart at night, often accompanied by guitar or mandolin. Here, a series of chord-like music is played in the deep voice of piano music, which simulates the sound form of guitar accompaniment to set off quiet and affectionate singing. Many composers at home and abroad have written serenades. It is said that Schubert's One is the most popular, and her voice can still be often heard in concerts, tapes and records.
Create reason:
One day, a friend of Schubert wrote a short poem for a young girl's birthday. She asked Shu to write a short poem, and he asked Shu to write a tune. Shu knew nothing about the girl, so he scribbled some notes for his friend and said, "Sorry, I don't have time to write anything more serious now." His friend took the work home. He tried it on the piano and liked it very much. So he ... Schubert was invited to play for music lovers at a friend's house. At the appointed time, everyone arrived, except Shu. The hostess was so anxious that a friend of Paishu looked for him in a small hotel in the city and finally found him in Shu's favorite place. When he was dragged into the living room, he was very sorry to say that he completely forgot, and then he sat down to play his random music. & lt Schubert serenade >>.
Analysis of Schubert Serenade
Franz Schubert (1797— 1828) is a great Austrian composer and one of the pioneers of romantic music. At the age of 8, I began to learn violin and piano from my father and brother. 181/kloc-0 wrote his first song "Hager's Sorrow", 14 wrote his first symphony, and 17 wrote Goethe's poems "Greer by the Spinning Wheel", "Wild Rose" and "Devil". At the age of 18, he completed the second and third symphonies, two ballads, five operas and 140 songs. Schubert described individual psychological activities in various music genres with color changes in harmony, which had a far-reaching impact on the development of romantic music later. Although he died at the age of 3 1, he left a lot of musical wealth, especially songs, and was called "the king of songs". A total of 65,438+04 operas, 9 symphonies, more than 65,438+000 chorus songs and 567 songs were created. Among them, the most famous ones are: unfinished symphony, symphony in C major, death and maiden quartet, trout quintet, vocal suite Beautiful Mill Girl, Winter Journey and Swan Song, and drama rosamond.
"Serenade" is selected from his vocal suite "Song of the Swan", which consists of many unrelated themes and poems of different poets. This song is one of the last solo art songs in Schubert's short life and one of Schubert's most famous works. This song was written by the German poet Lyle Staber.
1. This song is a parallel three-stage music structure with an introduction and an ending. The structural diagram is as follows:
Intro (1-4), in D minor, the column break and chord texture of the lyre laid a lyrical and comfortable emotional tone for the whole song, and the next three chords predicted the theme material.
The first paragraph (5- 16) consists of two sentences. The first sentence starts in D minor, passes through the harmonic progression of the next three degrees, and ends with the complete termination of D minor. The piano supplement of two bars is followed by the singing part. The last sentence is the development of the first sentence, and the last two sections turn to the relative major F major, ending with the complete termination of F major. This paragraph is a square open music structure, which is a musical foil.
The middle part (17-28) consists of two sentences. The first sentence starts in D minor and gradually transitions to F major. The second sentence is the development of the material of the first sentence, and the tonal shift to D major is completely terminated, which is also the tonic major. The turning point of major echoes the gradual sublimation of feelings in the lyrics, and the tune reaches its climax for the first time. This passage ends with pleading and expectation.
After the calm and soothing piano interlude (29-36), the first two paragraphs are repeated as they are, further deepening the main image. The third paragraph (60-72), in D major, followed by the change and development of the middle material, the beginning and end are different from the middle, and the emotion is excited, forming the climax of the whole song. The next four bars (73-76) are supplemented by feelings gradually calming down, and the bar ends in D major.
Finally, the epilogue (77-82) starts from the last paragraph and ends in D major, lasting for three bars, echoing the introduction, as if the love song echoed in the melody of the nocturne.
As one of the themes of western music, Serenade takes love as its theme, and this Serenade is no exception. Beautiful melody, alternate use of big and small sounds, unified texture and colorful external sounds increase the strict function of harmony. All of them perfectly interpret the emotion of the lyrics, and the whole song is full of affectionate talk, pleading and expectation.
Second, from the balance between lyrics and music.
Schubert takes poetry as his writing support and inspires his creation with the artistic conception of poetry. Poetry determines the melody of his creation (although he doesn't approve of giving priority to lyrics). Schubert's delicate mind and keen insight into poetry make him good at capturing the poet's thoughts. He often tries to understand the meaning behind the words, go deep into the ideological realm, inner feelings and overall atmosphere of poetry, and describe it with the sharpest harmony and melody. His musical treatment of words in poetry is also exemplary, and the melody, tone and rhythm of German poetry have reached an ideal balance. "Serenade" uses the poems of German poet Lyle Staber as lyrics. Schubert grasped and excavated poetry with his unparalleled skills. The ingenious Lyle Stabber's poems are closely and perfectly integrated because of his music, and the artistic conception of the poems is vividly expressed. "Serenade" pushed the combination of lyrics and music of art songs to the extreme.
Third, rich and varied tone changes.
"Serenade" starts in D minor, and the second half turns to D major. This change of tonality caused the change of music color, from dim to bright, which naturally transformed the feelings of songs and vividly portrayed the complex mentality of girls in love who were shy and bold. At the end of the song, there are some tonality changes, which become a relative minor in D minor and D major, ending in the sixth tone of the minor, creating an atmosphere that is still unfinished, expressing the girl's yearning for sweet love and happiness. This song is very lyrical and romantic, and this change in tonality is a useful supplement to the expression of thoughts and feelings of the song.
Fourth, novel and vivid accompaniment music.
Schubert's achievements in the accompaniment of artistic songs are obvious to all. He endowed the music accompaniment with vividness, and integrated the lyrics, melody and accompaniment to achieve a perfect and harmonious artistic realm. The art song "Serenade" fully shows these characteristics of Schubert's art song accompaniment. From the perspective of texture, "Serenade" is a semi-chord decomposition of eighth notes, giving people a feeling of profound artistic conception.
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"Death has buried rich treasures and more beautiful hopes here." These words are engraved on Schubert's tombstone. As an excellent art songwriter. Schubert enjoys a high reputation in the world, and his influence has spread all over the world. All singers who study western singing should take Schubert's artistic songs as an essential repertoire. When singing Schubert's artistic songs, we must grasp its characteristics, not only to show its romantic and elegant style, but also to show its quiet and delicate feelings. A good singer of artistic songs should have rich and varied timbre, clear articulation, meticulous intonation and subtle and soft singing style, which is also an important standard to measure his artistic expression and singing level.