Year: Song Author: Wang Anshi School: Four Wonders Category: Lv Ji
Jingkou and Guazhou are just separated by a water, and Zhongshan has only a few heavy green mountains.
The gentle spring breeze turns green again, but, moon in the sky, when can you take me home?
[Introduction to the author]
Wang Anshi (102 1- 1086), an outstanding politician in the Northern Song Dynasty, was born in Linchuan (now Fuzhou, Jiangxi). Song Renzong was admitted as a scholar and later served as prime minister twice. After Wang Anshi came to power, he actively promoted new laws to restrict the interests of big bureaucrats, big landlords, big businessmen and usurers, so as to increase national income and strengthen national defense forces, which had certain progressive significance under the historical conditions at that time. Due to the resolute opposition of big bureaucrats and landlords, the new law finally failed, and Wang Anshi was forced to resign and died in Nanjing on 1086. He is one of the eight masters of ancient prose in Tang and Song Dynasties, and is famous for his poems. His poetic style is vigorous, his language is concise, and he often uses prose syntax to enter poetry.
[Notes]
(1) Berthing: Docking.
② Guazhou: North bank of the Yangtze River, south of Yangzhou, opposite to Jingkou.
③ Jingkou: south bank of the Yangtze River, now Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province.
④ Zhongshan: Purple Mountain in Nanjing today.
⑤ Weight: How many floors?
⑥ Green: This is an adjective, which is used as a verb here, meaning "blowing green".
⑦ When: When.
[translated poem]
Jingkou and Guazhou face each other across the sea.
It is only a few floors away from Nanjing.
The spring breeze blew the south bank of the river green again,
Mingyue, when shall I return it?
[Appreciation]
Through the description of the spring scenery, this poem shows the poet's helplessness in becoming an official and his urgent desire to return to Jiangning. The first two sentences describe a trip to the north. The poet went to Beijing, but only looked back at Jiangning, showing a complicated psychology of not wanting to go to work. In the last two sentences, I wrote down my thoughts with the scenery, which not only brought me comfort from the reform, but also had the idea of early retirement. When the poet looks back at the south of the Yangtze River, the land is green, which is of course the green of spring breeze, but isn't the lush rice seedlings the actual effect of the reform measures such as the Young Seedling Law? However, officialdom is full of dangers. The poet looked at Guazhou Ferry and Zhongshan Moon and sighed, "When will the Moon shine on me?" The poet wants to leave the officialdom early, which is very touching. This poem is not only lyrical with scenery, but also full of emotion, open realm and fresh style. The most fascinating thing is the tempering of rhetoric. According to Hong Mai's "Rongzhai Essays" manuscript "Spring Breeze and Green Jiang Nanan", "the first cloud has arrived in Jiang Nanan again", and the word "arrived" is circled and marked as bad. Change it to' country', change it to' gold' and change it to' people' after a circle. If it is ten words, it is designated as' green'. It has really reached the situation of "the language is not amazing and endless". In fact, the poet is not only refining words, but also refining ideas, which is in line with the situation of poetry.
[Brief analysis]
This is a famous lyric poem, which expresses the poet's deep affection for overlooking the south of the Yangtze River and missing his hometown.
The title of this poem is "boating in Guazhou", which points out the poet's foothold. The first sentence "Guazhou in Jingkou is a water room" describes the scenery in front of us. The poet stood at Guazhou Ferry and looked south. He saw that Jingkou and Guazhou on the south bank were so close, separated by a river. Therefore, the poet thinks that Zhongshan, where his home is located, is only a few floors away, and it is not far. The second sentence "Zhongshan is only separated by several mountains" implies the mood of the poet anxious to return. The third sentence also describes the scenery, pointing out that the season is spring and depicting the scenery on the south bank of the Yangtze River. The word "green" means blowing green, and it is used wonderfully. Legend has it that Wang Anshi changed the word more than ten times in order to make good use of it, and finally chose the word "Qing" from more than ten verbs such as "Zhi", "Zhi", "Zhi" and "Zhi". Because other words only express the arrival of spring breeze, but they don't show the changes of a new green landscape on the banks of Qianli River after the arrival of spring. The last sentence "When will the bright moon shine on me?" The poet has been waiting for a long time, but he didn't realize that at the beginning of the bright moon, the poet imagined a picture of "the bright moon shines on me" with interrogative sentences, further expressing the poet's feelings of missing his hometown.
Literally, this poem shows nostalgia for my hometown. I have a great desire to fly across the river and reunite with my relatives. In fact, there is also a strong desire to return to politics and implement the New Deal between the lines.
This poem is famous for "Ci changes frequently, and it comes out from time to time" ("Tong Meng Shi Hua").