During the Republic of China, as a fashion girl, she appeared on the cover of "Good Friends" pictorial;
She sat in a prison in Nazi Germany and wrote in a German women's prison, which influenced the world.
She became a close friend of Gorky, a great Soviet writer, and was appointed as Gorky's coffin executioner by Stalin.
During her stay in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, she was awarded the rank of Major General, becoming the first female general in modern China.
This Sichuan beauty had a three-year relationship with Chen Yi, who later became a marshal of the Republic of China.
Recently, the book Man of the Republic of China published by China Friendship Publishing House revealed the legendary life of this heroic woman. Little known is that this "great man of the Republic of China" is the leader of the first generation of Chinese female soldiers from Wuchang.
On the evening of March 30th, Jiefang South Road, Wuchang. In front of the antique Wuchang Experimental Primary School, pedestrians are in a hurry, and few people notice that a nameplate of "the former site of Wuhan Central Military and Political School" is embedded in the front wall of the school. At this time, the children have come home from school, and the campus has been noisy for a day, and finally it is quiet.
And Hu's German friends.
/kloc-More than 0/00 years ago, 1890, Zhang Zhidong, Governor of Huguang, founded the Two Lakes Academy. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/926, the Northern Expeditionary Army conquered Wuhan, and the political, engineering and artillery departments of Guangzhou Huangpu Military Academy moved to Han. Wuhan Branch of the Central Military and Political School was established here, formerly known as Huangpu No.2 Middle School and later renamed Wuhan Central Military and Political School.
At that time, Wuhan had become the revolutionary center of the national youth. After the establishment of the Military Academy, more than 0/000 students from all over the world were recruited, and nearly 200 female students were openly recruited for formal military training for the first time, which set a precedent in the history of China.
At the beginning of 1927, Hu Jia, a 26-year-old Sichuan girl, joined the women's group in the military academy, which opened the most legendary and wonderful scene in her life.
Yang Sen wants to marry her.
Hu, male, 190 1, from Chengdu. From 65438 to 0920, Hu graduated from Chengdu Women's Normal School and became the object of many men's pursuit. My father betrothed her to my cousin Yang Jiazhi. Because of the difference in outlook on life and hobbies, Hu fled Chengdu soon after his marriage and became a teacher in a girls' school in southern Sichuan. Two years later, they dissolved their marriage.
Hu Cai is both talented and beautiful. It is said that the Sichuan warlord Yang Sen wanted to marry her, but she flatly refused. After listening to Hu's story, Mao Dun wrote his first novel Rainbow, in which the beautiful and determined heroine Mei was based on Hu.
Soon, Hu was admitted to Sichuan Southern Normal University. The dean of this school is Dai Yunying, a famous leader of the early * * * production party. On May 4th, Hu attended the Marxist research conference organized by Yun in Luzhou.
During the period of 1922, Chen Yi, who returned from work-study program in France, became the chief editor of Chongqing New Shu Newspaper, and wrote a lot of radical poems, which had a wide influence on Sichuan intellectuals, especially young students. Hu is one of the young people inspired by his articles. She went directly to the newspaper to find Rola Chen, and they became good friends.
1926 In the spring, Hu came to Guangzhou and worked in the Central Women's Department led by He Xiangning. 1927, entered Wuhan Central Military and Political School and was admitted to the women's team.
Chen Yi met her in the Yellow Crane Tower.
The experience of Hu Zaiwuhan, an expert in the history of the Republic of China and a professor at Zhongnan University of Economics and Law. According to textual research, Hu married Chen Mengyun, a young Sichuan officer, before and after coming to Korea. Chen Mengyun is Chen Yi's cousin.
The inscription in front of the "Wuhan Central Military and Political School History Exhibition Hall" of Wuchang Experimental Primary School records: 1927 In February, the school officially opened, and Wu, Wu and Dong attended the opening ceremony. In addition, more than 3,700 students were transferred from Guangzhou Huangpu Military Academy. Dai Ying presided over the daily work of the military academy, and Chen Yi was also assigned to the school as the party secretary.
Chen Yi's public position is a warrant officer document of the Political Department of the Military Academy. Hu and Chen Yi reunited at the military academy.
In the book1one day in April, 927, Chen Yi invited Hu to a restaurant in Yellow Crane Tower, Wuhan, and asked Hu about joining the Party. Nonsense, she applied to the party organization. The head of the party organization "asked me to divorce Chen Mengyun, but I once told Chen Mengyun that as long as he is always revolutionary, I will never be separated from him. Now, how can I divorce him for no reason? " Chen Mengyun is an officer of the old warlord. At that time, the party organization was very cautious when accepting people connected with the old warlords. In this regard, Chen Yi expressed understanding.
War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression had a great influence and was appointed as a major general.
After the failure of the Great Revolution, Hu was appointed as the female minister of Hankou Party Branch and the director of the Women Workers' Movement Committee of Wuhan Federation of Trade Unions. 1929 was expelled by Chiang Kai-shek by name, then went to Europe to inspect social relief, and joined the China * * * production party in Germany.
193 1 July, Soong Ching Ling's mother died of illness, and Hu was invited to accompany Soong Ching Ling back to China to offer condolences. After that, I went to Germany to study. 1in the spring of 933, after Hitler came to power, a large number of party member and progressives were arrested, and Hu and Hu were put in women's prisons. Three months later, under the protest of Soong Ching Ling and Lu Xun, Hu was released. Later, she published her memoirs in a German women's prison in France. This article was immediately translated into Russian, English, German and Spanish, which made Hu's reputation spread all over Europe.
1934 In August, the first meeting of representatives of Soviet writers was held in Moscow, and Hu was invited to attend. Gorky praised her: "This is the real person!" Two years later, Gorky died. As a China woman writer who Gorky particularly appreciated and loved before her death, Hu was elected to Gorky's funeral committee to preside over the funeral with Gorky's son and daughter-in-law.
After the full-scale outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Hu founded the Shanghai Working Women's Battlefield Service Corps and went to the front line of eight provinces to engage in anti-Japanese war propaganda. Because of Hu's great influence, he was appointed as an instructor by the Military Commission of the National Government.
Chen Yihai vowed to "wait for each other for three years" [S2/]
"The general why gaunt? Half melancholy, half clumsy. " These are two sentences from a poem written by Zhu, a military strategist and head of the field army of the New Fourth Army, poking fun at Chen Yi. In the poem ""refers to Hu, while "money" refers to Chen Yi's wife.
At the beginning of 1938, Hu led a service group to Nanchang. At this time, Xiang Ying, Chen Yi and other leaders of the New Fourth Army also formed the New Fourth Army in Nanchang. After the failure of the Great Revolution, Hu and Chen Yi haven't seen each other for ten years. I can't describe the joy of meeting again after such a long separation. Hu talked about his experience in recent years and also mentioned the divorce with Chen Mengyun.
As for their love affair, the great man of the Republic of China described it this way: "Chen Yi made an alliance with Hu in Nanchang. Rola Chen told his parents and got permission. However, the organization does not agree. The leaders of the Fourth Army personally talked with Hu, saying that if they got married, Hu's party member identity would be exposed. She, the general of the Kuomintang, stayed in the Kuomintang army and made greater contributions to the revolution. They said goodbye in tears. Chen Yi wrote nonsense that Kyle's death was a heroic sacrifice; Accepting justice frankly is a silent sacrifice. Let us suffer for the revolution. If we can't merge within three years, then everyone will be free and not interfere with each other. "
In more than three years, Hu led the girls of the service group to Shanghai, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Henan and other places, with a journey of more than 20,000 miles. They are called "flowers on the battlefield" and "contemporary Mulan".
During the Cultural Revolution, he was wrongly classified as a rightist.
After the two separated again, Hu kept his mouth shut about Chen Yi's safety.
1June, 947, the Kuomintang newspaper published the news of "Chen Yi's death" and "Chen Yi's death" with shocking headlines, and described the process of "Chen Yi's memorial service" in great detail. Hu was very sad when he learned about it. Later, she received a letter from Chen Yi's parents and decided to support the elderly and give them orchards, fields and houses outside the East Gate of Chengdu.
1949, Shanghai was liberated, and Chen Yi was the mayor. Hu wrote him a letter, which was received by Pan Hannian, vice mayor. At this moment
Hu never married again, so she adopted her sister's daughter to solve her loneliness. After liberation, she was assigned to Beijing Institute of Technology to do logistics work. During the Cultural Revolution, she was wrongly classified as a rightist. 1978 After being rehabilitated, Hu rejoined the Party and became a member of the National Committee.
1994 12 13 died in Chengdu at the age of 93. She has experienced the ups and downs of her life, as she said in her memoirs: "All I know in my life is running on the waves." Sometimes I was hit by a reef and had to lick my bleeding wound. "
How was Hu at the party? Writer Liu published an article entitled "Shanghai Literature" in the first issue of Men in the Republic of China in 2009, describing the strange girl Hu in his memory.
"1in the early winter of 957, when I was 15 years old, a woman suddenly appeared outside my kitchen door. I looked at her and she looked at me. I don't know what she is thinking. I wonder: Is she a mother-in-law? " At that time, Liu's home was in the customs dormitory in Beijing Hutong. He described: the women walking around the kitchen were wearing old clothes and octagonal hats that were popular at that time. Although there are obvious wrinkles on his face, his eyes are big and bright.
"At that time, my parents and I came to Beijing from Chongqing, where I still kept the habit of speaking. I asked the young woman and the old woman to call my mother-in-law, but the woman in front of me was among them. I just looked at her and couldn't speak. She looked at me and smiled. " It's like heaven! "Are you his son? My father is very famous. Obviously, this woman came to my house as a guest, so I shouted to the kitchen: Mom! We have guests! Mother heard her coming out of the kitchen with a spatula. When she saw the woman, she seemed surprised, but she soon showed a sincere smile. "
"In the evening, she and we sit at the same table for dinner. At this time, my mother asked me to call her Uncle Hu. I called her. She smiles beautifully, especially when she takes off her octagonal hat, and her short black hair is still very thick. "
"Since then, Hu has never been to my house. I didn't mean to eavesdrop, but occasionally my parents' whispers reached my ears. As for Hu, on the whole, he was classified as a Rightist and sent to some places for labor reform. When my father mentioned Kun Li, a Sichuan writer, he put it down and said a few words, but he always couldn't remember, and his painting was wrong. I appreciate your tone. My mother mentioned Hu Yi; She should be insured! Then why didn't Rola Chen come out and say something to her? " Dad sighed, "it's hard! "
Senile Hu
Later, Liu slowly learned the legend of Hu from his elders: Hu surnamed Hu. Although she was married, she met Rola Chen and they fell in love. This is not a secret among relatives and friends. They vowed to wait for each other after being separated in the tide of the times. After the liberation of Shanghai, Chen Yi became the first mayor. Naturally, she wrote a letter to the city government, asking for a meeting, and got a reply soon. It was not Chen Yi who asked her to speak, but Pan Hannian, the executive vice mayor. He told Hu that Chen was married and had children, "Don't interfere with him any more". After 1950, she found a job in Beijing University of Technology, not as a teacher, but as a clerk in the general affairs department. Later, she was wrongly classified as a rightist. At that time, Beijing University of Technology was located in the former site of Sino-French University in Huangchenggen, near Liangqian Lake where I lived. "When she walked to the front of my Long Fu temple, who will notice her in the street? Who can imagine that this is a hero in the wave of China revolution and even on the international stage?