Who are the poets who won the Nobel Prize?
1, Suri-Prudholm (1839- 1907), a famous French poet, won the first Nobel Prize in Literature in190/0. The main works are long and short poems, loneliness, fate, justice, happiness and other poems.
2. Frederic mistral (1830- 1904) is a famous French poet, and won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1904. The narrative poem Miriyi (1859) is his famous work. Other poetry collections include Golden Island and Selected Romantic Poems.
3. Giorgio Caldu (1835- 1907) is a famous Italian poet and literary critic. He is the author of a collection of poems, such as Copy of Youth Poems, Leisure Poems, Serious Poems and Ode to Man Zi. Nobel Prize in Literature awarded 1906, "not only because of his profound knowledge and critical research, but also to celebrate the characteristics, creative momentum, fresh style and lyrical charm of his masterpiece".
4. Rudyard Kipling (1865- 1936) was an English writer and poet. Born in India. The first book of poetry was published in 1886. Most of his poems are about the military life of British colonists. His main works include poetry anthology Ballad of Barracks, Seven Seas, Kingdom and novel collection The Jungle Book. 1907 Nobel Prize in Literature.
5. maurice maeterlinck (1862- 1949), a famous Belgian playwright and poet, was one of the key figures in the late symbolism school, and won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 19 1.
The masterpiece is Jade Bird (1908). In his early years, he wrote poems, including the collection of poems "Warm Houses" (1889). His poetry has a strong modern spirit and is regarded as the pioneer and pioneer of modernist poetry. Sometimes there are some subconscious elements in his poems, and there is a tendency to integrate the external world with the inner world.
6. Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941) is a famous modern Indian poet and writer. I was obsessed with writing since I was a child, and I published poetry at the age of fourteen. He wrote more than 50 poems, 12 novellas, 100 short stories and more than 20 plays in his life. His poems inherit the excellent traditions of classical and folk literature, with fresh style, sincere feelings, meaningful artistic conception, beautiful language, profound philosophy and strong lyrical color. Famous poetry collections include Gitanjali, Crescent Moon, Gardeners' Collection, Birds' Collection, Fruit Picking Collection, Valentine's Gift, etc. Novels include shipwreck, Gora and so on. His works are full of patriotism, have high artistic achievements and occupy an extremely important position in Indian literature. 19 13 years, he won the Nobel Prize in Literature because he was "full of noble and far-reaching inspiration, developed his poetic talent in English, and integrated the beauty and freshness of western European literature".
7. Weilner von Heidenstam (1859- 1940) is a famous lyric poet and novelist in modern Sweden. His works mainly focus on his hometown and the Swedish nation, covering a wide range of fields, including poetry, prose, political theory and novels.
His poetry collections mainly include The Age of Pilgrimage and Wandering (1888), Poems (1895), Characters (1899) and New Poetry (19 15).
Haydn Stein won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 19 16 in recognition of his importance as a leader in the new era of Swedish literature.
Carl spitteler (1845- 1924), a famous Swiss poet, wrote in German. His masterpiece is the narrative epic Spring on Mount Olympus (1905), and his work won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 19 19.
9. Ye Zhi (1865- 1939) is a famous Irish poet in modern times. The main poetry collections are Rose (1893), Wind in the Reed (1899), Responsibility (19 14), Tower Castle (1928) and so on.
"Because his poems are always full of inspiration and show the' spirit' of the whole nation through a high artistic form", the poet won the Nobel Prize in Literature with 1923.
10, Eric Axel calvert (1864- 193 1), a famous Swedish lyric poet. Most of his works describe rural life and natural scenery. His poems mainly include Song of Wasteland and Love, Flower God and Fruit God, etc. 193 1 After his death, Nobel Prize in Literature was posthumously awarded as an exception in order to "commend his outstanding lyric poems".
1 1 and Puning (1870- 1953) are important Russian writers. 1933 won the Nobel Prize in Literature. His works are full of emotion, delicate, usually deeply dyed and rich in color, which is very similar to the pictures of the world. His language is accurate, pure and elegant, and he has composed many beautiful life movements.
12, mistral, G.( 1889- 1957) Chilean poetess. Originally known as Lucilla godoy Alcayaga, she was born in the Elki Valley north of San Diego and died in new york. /kloc-began to publish poetry at the age of 0/4. /kloc-When he was 0/7 years old, he fell in love with a railway clerk, who committed suicide because of frustration. The memory of the dead became the theme of her early creation, and her works were full of sadness. 19 14 won the first prize in the San Diego Flower Festival Poetry Competition for Sonnets of Death. 1922 published the first book of poetry, Loneliness, which broke through the style of modernist poetry prevailing in Latin America at that time with delicate and touching brushwork. After 1930, her poetry creation changed obviously, from personal sadness to humanitarian fraternity. A collection of poems, The Thorny Tree (1938), voiced the misery of the poor, expressed injustice for the suffering of the Jewish nation, and prayed for pity for the poor children. This creative tendency has had a far-reaching impact on the development of Latin American lyric poetry. 1In September, 945, she won the Nobel Prize in Literature and became the first person in Latin America to win the Nobel Prize.
1955 published a collection of poems, Grape Squeeze, which expressed his love for the motherland and people.
13, hermann hesse (1877- 1962), a famous German writer and poet in the 20th century, was born in Germany and became a Swiss citizen in his later years. He is the author of poetry anthology Song of Romanticism, Novels under Wheels, Wolves in the Wilderness, etc. 1946 Nobel Prize in Literature.
14, Eliot (1888- 1965), full name Thomas stearns Eliot, a famous British modernist poet and literary critic. Born in Missouri, USA. From 65438 to 0906, he entered Harvard University to study philosophy, then went to Oxford University in England, and then stayed in England to teach and be a clerk. 1908 began to create. There are poems such as Pruefer Locke and Other Observed Things, Selected Poems and Quartet. As a representative poem, The Waste Land expresses the spiritual disillusionment of the western generation and is regarded as an epoch-making work in modern western literature. 1948 won the Nobel Prize in Literature for "innovating modern poetry and achieving outstanding pioneers".
15, Italian poet Salvatore Quasimodo (190 1- 1968) won the prize in 1959.
(Award-winning reason: because his lyric poems express the tragic sexual life experience of our time with classical passion) Representative works include: The Lost Flute, erato and Apollo, The Moment is Night, Day after Day, Life is not a Dream, False Green and True Green, Promised Land, Milan in Mo Xiang and so on.
Further reading
Nobel Prize in Literature's Award Setting
Award summary
Nobel Prize in Literature includes a gold medal, a certificate and a bonus. The amount of prize money depends on the income of the Nobel Foundation in that year (please refer to the Nobel Prize official website for all awards since 190 1). In the case of more than one winner, the prize money will be distributed equally, or one of them will get half and the other two will get a quarter each. If the winner refuses to accept the prize, or fails to cash the bonus check according to the requirements of the Foundation before June 10 of the following year, the bonus will be automatically merged into the main fund.
bonus
Nobel Prize in Literature is managed by the Stockholm Nobel Foundation, and the winners are decided by the Swedish Academy. Therefore, a special institution was set up in the institute, and the Nobel Library was established to collect literary works, encyclopedias and newspaper articles from various countries.
Each Nobel Prize in Literature winner will receive a bonus and a document indicating the amount of the bonus. In 2009, the bonus was100,000 Swedish kronor (about140,000 USD). In 20 12, due to budget cuts, the bonus was reduced to 8 million Swedish kronor (about 165438+ million USD). The amount of prize money will change with the income of the Nobel Foundation in that year. If there are multiple winners at the same time, the prize money can be divided equally.
Nobel Prize in Literature organizational process
Selection process
Candidates recommended by various Nobel Prizes are accepted from September to 10 of the following year. There are usually 1000-2000 candidates recommended every year.
Do not recommend yourself.
The Swedish and Norwegian governments have no right to interfere in the selection of the Nobel Prize, nor can they support or oppose the recommended candidates.
From February 1 every year, the Nobel Prize jury will screen and review the recommended candidates, and the works will be kept strictly confidential.
The Nobel Prize winners are announced every year in the middle of June 5438+ 10.
Every year 65438+February 10 is the anniversary of Nobel's death. The Nobel Prize awarding ceremony was held in Stockholm and Oslo respectively, and the King of Sweden attended and presented the prize.
Nomination process
According to the regulations, the Nobel Prize in Literature Committee will send confidential documents to those who have the ability and qualifications to nominate, and they will recommend the Nobel Prize in Literature Prize winner. A qualified nominee needs to meet the following conditions:
1. Academician of the Swedish Academy of Literature and people from all countries who are equivalent to literary academicians;
2. Professors of literature and linguistics in institutions of higher learning;
3. Nobel Prize in Literature winner;
4. Chairman of the National Writers Association.
Selection and evaluation
According to the relevant articles of association of the Nobel Foundation, the Swedish Academy is responsible for the selection of Nobel Prize in Literature. The Swedish Academy has 18 members, and is responsible for selecting Nobel Prize in Literature winners from the candidates recommended by the Nobel Literature Committee. The Nobel Literature Committee is a working body that examines nominations and selects candidates, and consists of four to five members.
According to the regulations of the Nobel Foundation, the list of nominees is never made public, and the nominees themselves will never know that they have been nominated. Nomination records are sealed for 50 years.