1. With imagination, reality and reality alternate.
The alternation of reality and fiction refers to the expansion of thinking space on the basis of real writing with the help of association and imagination, which complements real writing. For example, a detailed description of Sun Li's Lotus Lake adopts the method of alternating reality and reality, which is both interesting and reasonable. The woman's fingers trembled, and she thought it was because Mei Wei cut her hand. She put a finger in her mouth and sucked it. The first clause here is what you see, the second clause is what you think, and then what you see. Thus, vividly wrote the complex mood of aquatic sister-in-law, who wanted to show and hide. Another example is Li Jianwu's Climbing Mount Tai in the Rain, which depicts the scenery of Mount Tai pine. It is in the order and structure of "virtual+real+virtual+virtual" that the Taishan pine vividly reproduces its stance of taking root and holding its head high. This alternate writing of reality and reality, both in form and spirit, gives readers endless thinking. The reason why the description has both form and spirit is that it benefits from rich imagination. Therefore, in the guidance of college entrance examination composition review, we should take the classic model essay as the guide to analyze the language phenomenon of the coexistence of reality and reality, so that students can not only gain an insight into the vivid image in the description, but also peep at the charm of the description.
2. Alternate use of normal sentences and variant sentences
Although the use of routine sentences seems orderly, it is sometimes difficult to form a downward trend or a winding path leading to a secluded place. Therefore, the alternate use of the two sentence patterns can not only make languages such as big strings worse and worse, but also make languages such as small strings whisper to each other; It is carefree and open-minded. Variant sentences mainly include adverbial post-sentence, attributive post-sentence, predicate pre-sentence, prepositional object sentence, and the inversion of word order between the positive sentence and the negative sentence in the compound sentence with partial positive relationship. The rhetorical function of variant sentences lies in highlighting variant parts and forming preconceived psychological effects. For example, Zhu Ziqing's Moonlight on the Lotus Pond: "On a moonless night, the road is gloomy and a little scary. Tonight is good, although the moonlight is still very weak. " Here, "although the moonlight is still shallow" is used as the postposition of the partial sentence in the complex sentence with partial turning to emphasize that the transformation of the sentence pattern of "tonight is particularly good" in the affirmative sentence has the effect of emphasizing the expression of subjective feelings, which not only forms a strong contrast with the above, but also expresses the psychological situation of integrating feelings into the scene.
For another example, there is a sentence in Lu Xun's "In Memory of Liu Hezhen Jun": "However, in such a difficult life, I resolutely ordered" Mangyuan "to have her all year round." If we students were allowed to write it, it might be written as "She resolutely ordered the wilderness for a whole year". This expression at least lacks the following information: Besides Liu Hezhen, there are other young people who ordered Mangyuan. Besides, we can't emphasize "her", that is, Liu Hezhen. In the original text, pronouns or noun phrases referring to people are placed in the position of objects, which perfectly solve these two problems. Therefore, in the composition guidance of college entrance examination, let students make clear the difference between normal sentences and variant sentences, and do some rewriting exercises appropriately, so as to master the skills of tempering language in comparison.
Third, skillfully use rhetoric to add bright colors to the language.
The first element of literature is language. "Emotion moves in China, and form in words" (Preface to Zheng Xuan's Poems), the emotion of literary works is attached to a certain language form. Although college entrance examination compositions are not all literary works, they reflect the author's unique way of thinking and unique aesthetic experience of life to some extent. Therefore, the function of language is to express emotions. The clever use of rhetoric can not only add luster to the language, but also make the language more socialized and humanized.
1. the combination of hypothetical parallelism and rhetorical questions
The combination of hypothetical parallelism and rhetorical question is magnificent and shocking. For example, a candidate said in the article "Success":
The world-famous "King of the Universe" Stephen? Hawking, if he didn't endure physical and mental pain, how could he knock out the masterpiece A Brief History of Time? Sima Qian is in prison. If he can't stand the pain caused by cool style, how can he write "the historian sings a swan song, leaving Sao without rhyme"? If Edison didn't take 1000 failures as finding 1000 materials unsuitable for filament, how could he become a world-famous great inventor?
When the author demonstrates with examples, he uses both parallelism and questioning, and the momentum is like stormy waves, and the words are like pearls and jade plates, forming an irrefutable logical force.
2. Use of famous aphorisms
Famous aphorisms are the essence of tempering language. Used properly, the pen can shine. For example, when preparing the essay "Praise the second crab eater", the article wrote:
Yu Dafu said in memory of Lu Xun: "A nation without great men is a group of poor creatures in the world; A country with great people but no support, love and reverence is a hopeless slave capital. " We can also say that the first person who eats crabs is an accomplished person in his career, while the second, third and thousands of people who eat crabs are unsung heroes who support and love the first great man. They mean the prosperity of the country and the hope of the nation. ...
It is worth noting that while quoting, the author gained new insights and extended his own "famous sayings", thus showing profound thoughts and vivid emotions.
3. Magical use of thimble
Thimble, also known as gobang. Julian's use makes the sentences tenon-mortise and interlocking. For example, Lu Xun's "The True Story of Ah Q": "He won and won, and copper coins became horns, horns became oceans, and oceans became stacks." These three coins are arranged in order. The value of the concept is greater than one, and the meaning is as deep as the other, which ironically describes Ah Q's temporary "victory" situation.
The use of rhetorical devices has its own advantages. It can beautify the language and deepen the meaning.
"The beauty of operation lies in one heart." Once the source of the composition language is cleared, it will bid farewell to the embarrassment of "the ice spring is cold and the strings are frozen", thus entering the situation of "a stream of water spraying the silver bottle to an abrupt end", and the writing end will not dry up and stagnate, but will only gurgle.
Zhang Jinghua, a teacher, now lives in Tongzhou, Jiangsu.