Under the new curriculum reform, in classroom teaching, teachers must be guided by the concept of new curriculum reform and effectively transform educational ideas into teaching practice. This requires us to seriously consider and design the problem design, teacher-student relationship, cooperative learning, autonomous learning, inquiry learning, life and experience, process and method, emotional attitude and values in preparing lessons from the needs of students, so as to fully reflect the equal relationship between teachers and students and give full play to students' initiative in learning. Especially in prose teaching, we must pay attention to the following two points:
First, "reading" in prose is particularly important. These two articles are both narratives. The former is a wonderful picture of three generations walking described by Mo Huaiqi, a contemporary essayist. In the author's pen, an ordinary walk embodies the harmony and warmth of home, carries the sense of mission and responsibility of middle-aged people, and reveals the author's deep thoughts and expectations between the lines. The latter is Han Niu's memory of the past closely related to the Hutuo River in his childhood, which profoundly expresses the author's love, attachment, concern and love for the Hutuo River.
How can we understand the author's feelings? Reading the text is the basis of understanding the full text. This kind of reading can be carried out in many ways: single reading, single reading, free reading and simultaneous reading, but sound and feeling must be read. When studying the article "Walking", Mr. Shen instructed the students to read the text aloud, and put forward such a reading suggestion: "Try to read the text at a medium speed, as if the author is enjoying his own work after reading the article." Although the link of reading needs to be deepened, teachers' reading consciousness is completely in line with the new curriculum concept. The young teacher Lu Ji pays more attention to guiding students to read aloud. When excavating the theme and understanding the author's analogy of Hutuo River as "the core historic river of life", it is more incisive and has achieved good results. Although the reading level still needs to be straightened out and gradually deepened.
Reading includes reading the full text as well as reading key paragraphs or sentences. Forty minutes is very short, so you should arrange the reading time reasonably when reading two articles, otherwise you will feel that reading is not targeted, or the level and clarity of reading are not enough. I think it will be better if students can share their feelings while reading. In addition, this kind of reading can be read before analysis or after reading, which is necessary, especially in the study of prose.
Second, contact life experience to taste. The learning process of students, that is, the process of students' cognition and experience, is a process from practice to cognition and then to practice. In prose teaching, teachers should attach importance to students' personal experience, actively guide students to pick up their own experiences and feelings, let students apply their own experiences and knowledge to the understanding of the text, help students understand the text accurately, cultivate students' perception ability, and then let students feel the philosophy and full emotions contained in the text. Therefore, we say that "knowledge and life are inseparable", and the experience of life will really enter the text and blend into it.
For example, introducing new lessons and entering situational experience. Whether learning to walk or Hutuo River and I,
Both teachers get down to business directly: the former listens to Sun Yuebin's reading aloud, and the latter directly connects with the last class and enters the new lesson. Personally, I think it is better to use clues to arouse students' personal experiences. This can stimulate students' interest in reading and lay the foundation for later reading experience.
When it comes to stimulating students' interest in learning, Tolstoy, a great Russian writer, said: "Successful teaching needs not coercion, but stimulating students' interest. "Interest is often the forerunner of learning. With interest, you have the motivation to learn. So, how can we stimulate students' interest in learning? First of all, we should help students adjust their learning mentality and emotions, which is the premise and foundation to stimulate their interest in learning. Of course, stimulating interest is not an overnight process, but a long-term process. In this process, teachers naturally play a key guiding role, but also need students' active participation and unremitting efforts.
As a Chinese teacher, it is very important to cultivate students' interest in classroom learning, design wonderful leads and use novel and diverse teaching methods. At the beginning of a class, whether the lead is wonderful or not is directly related to the quality and effect of this class. Therefore, at the beginning of the lecture, the teacher can tell a historical allusion or read a beautiful essay according to the content of the lecture, or entrust this time to the students to host the "three minutes before class" activity, recommend a good book to everyone and give a speech before class, which has a good effect. Introducing the new curriculum in this way will naturally stimulate students' interest in learning and let them devote themselves to classroom learning with a high mental state.
Second, with the text ideas into the classroom
In Chinese classroom teaching, teachers' teaching philosophy plays a vital role, and it is often an enlightening guide for students. In classroom interaction, teachers mainly play the role of encouragement, organization, guidance and guidance. In the words of Mr. Ye Shengtao, it means "helping students learn". At this time, the teacher's teaching ideas are particularly important. Through the teaching and guidance of teachers' thinking, students can not only think in the right direction, but also exercise their analytical ability. Teachers should formulate teaching ideas suitable for the characteristics of the course according to the teaching content, ask questions without losing time, give students some hints in time, and broaden their learning ideas.
The thinking of these two classes is clear. The first class emphasizes the application of "exploring the theme", and the whole class is strung together by three questions asked by students; In the second class, we follow the order of "straightening out emotional clues" and closely follow the text. In sentence appreciation and reading, we can better understand the interdependence between the author and Hutuo River, as well as the similar character between man and river. Moreover, in Walking, Mr. Shen tried to "surpass himself" and deepened the theme of "harmony and warmth" into "responsibility and mission"; In Hutuo River and Me, Mr. Ji devoted himself wholeheartedly to the characteristics of Hutuo River and read the language, paving the way for the relationship between Hutuo River and people, which reflected the teacher's clear guiding ideology and was worth learning.
Third, with the accumulation of teachers into the classroom.
The connotation and thickness of a class are often related to the teacher's own knowledge reserve and thinking method reserve.
In order to help students better understand the original intention of writing Walking, Mr. Jie Shen supplemented the information of "the author's writing opportunity" to make students understand that "respecting the old and loving the young" is the essence of China culture, which laid the foundation for the combination of words and feelings. In the article Hutuo River and Me, Mr. Lu Ji also mentioned the author Han Niu's "wandering" all his life. If you present a story, background information or one of his poems to promote the interpretation of the course, you should achieve better results.
When I visited the provincial special-grade teachers just after the summer vacation, the topic of my lecture was "Stomatology". In the expansion link, I made two projects on the spot: one is to recommend reading Jingzhou Folk Songs in the form of counseling cases to enhance students' sense of responsibility in protecting traditional culture and achieve the goal of emotional attitude and values; Second, with the help of electronic whiteboard, use the fragment of "Wang Xiaoyu telling stories" to guide students to turn sounds into words. For example, "the sound was not very loud at first, but I felt an indescribable wonderful sight: the internal organs were like soldering irons, and there was nowhere to stick them;" Thirty-six thousand pores are like eating ginseng fruit, and no pore is not carefree. After singing a dozen words, I gradually sang higher and higher, and suddenly pulled out a gyro, like a steel rope thrown into the sky, and could not help secretly exclaiming. Knowing that you are in that extremely high place, you can still turn around; After several times, it went up a layer, three or four times in succession, one after another. It's like climbing Mount Tai from the west of Ole Peak: at first glance, Ole Peak cuts thousands of walls, thinking that heaven is connected; When I turned to Ole Peak, I saw that Fan Cliff was more on Ole Peak; Turning to Fanya, I saw the Nantianmen on Fanya: the more dangerous it is, the more dangerous it is. " When a teacher dictated the essence of this passage and expressed his teaching ideas and goals, the effect was obvious. Therefore, accumulation lies not only in knowledge, but also in ideas and methods.
Fourth, walk into the classroom with teaching personality.
The teaching profession is a process of professional development, which is creative. Teachers are not spokesmen for imparting knowledge, but should be guides for creatively integrating texts, connecting with life and promoting students' growth, and are the same body for students to learn. In the long-term practice, experienced and profound research-oriented teachers often form their own unique teaching style. Specific performance in:
1. Flexibility is very important. Teachers are students' study partners, and the content of study should not be arranged by teachers in advance. Teachers should use classroom wit to coordinate the content and order of the classroom, fully respect students, and fully mobilize their enthusiasm and participation spirit.
For example, in the discussion and discussion of the second question in Walking, "Isn't it good to split a family into two parts and get their own places?" Why don't I want to ",a boy expressed his opinion:" For safety, there are strategies. "Such a good generative resource has not been well grasped by teachers, thus igniting the sparks of students' thinking and tapping the center of walking. This is also what we should pay attention to in class!
2. Cultivate students' critical thinking ability. "I would rather believe that there are books than no books." Nowadays, many students lack the spirit of inquiry and do not consider Chinese and the words "doubt" and "criticism" together. Of course, this is not necessarily their fault. Under the traditional exam-oriented education, Chinese teaching is standardized, formulated and mechanized; Students can only learn Chinese by rote, and learning spirituality is stifled. Now, although the teaching under the new curriculum standard has turned to the implementation of quality education. However, in the current Chinese teaching, a very common phenomenon still exists: many teachers are only "information sources" and "disseminators of truth" of knowledge, while many students are "containers of knowledge" and "stuffing ducks" without sufficient opportunities for independent thinking and learning. This kind of teaching hinders the development of students' ability and inhibits their initiative and enthusiasm for learning. Therefore, it is an urgent problem to cultivate students' independent thinking and critical ability in Chinese class. Mr. Ye Shengtao has a famous saying: "Teaching is to avoid teaching". So as a teacher, you should know that it is better to teach people to fish than to teach them to fish. In the process of knowledge transfer, we should pay attention to cultivating students' Chinese literacy and practical ability. Only when students have their own thinking ability and unique opinions will they be brave and willing to exchange their ideas and opinions with their classmates in class. In this way, the classroom atmosphere is naturally active, students' critical thinking ability can be cultivated, and classroom efficiency will be doubled. In these two classes, teachers pay attention to the cultivation of students' critical thinking ability and have achieved remarkable results, but they still need to pay attention to details and increase classroom tact.