Shakespeare's specific information

Born in April, 1564 (exact date unknown), Stratford-on-Avon, Warwickshire, England.

1665438+died on April 23rd, 2006 (aged 52), Stratford-on-Avon, Warwickshire, England.

Professional poet and playwright

William Shakespeare (English: William Shakespeare, April1564—julian calendar1665438+April 23rd, 2006 or Gregorian calendar1665438+May 3rd, 2006, also known as Shakespeare in China society) is regarded by many people as the most outstanding in the history of English literature and drama. [1] He is known as the English national poet and the "Bard of Avon" (or "Bard" for short). His handed down works include 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two narrative poems and other poems. His plays have been translated into all major languages and performed far more times than any other playwright. [2]

Shakespeare was born and raised in Stratford-upon-Avon. He married Anne Hathaway at the age of 18, and they have three children: Susanna, twins Hamnet and Judith. From 1585 to 1592, Shakespeare began a successful career in London. He is not only an actor and playwright, but also a partner of the Palace Minister Troupe, which was later renamed the King Troupe. Around 16 13, Shakespeare seems to have retired to Stratford-on-Avon and died three years later. Few records about Shakespeare's private life have been handed down, and it is still a mystery about his sexual orientation, religious beliefs and whether his works were written by others. [3]

The period from 1590 to 16 13 is the peak of Shakespeare's creation. His early plays were mainly comedies and historical plays, which reached the peak of depth and artistry at the end of16th century. Then he came to 1608. His major tragedies include Hamlet, King Lear and Macbeth, which are regarded as the best examples of English. In the last stage of his life, he began to create tragicomedy, also known as legendary drama, and cooperated with other playwrights. During his life, many of his works have been published in various versions, with uneven quality and accuracy. 1623, two colleagues in his troupe published first folio, which included all recognized Shakespeare's works except two.

When Shakespeare was alive, he was respected as a poet and playwright. It was not until the19th century that his popularity reached today's height. The Romantic Period praised Shakespeare's talent, and the Victorian era respected him like a hero, which was called Shakespeare worship by Bernard Shaw. In the 20th century, his works were often adapted and rediscovered by new academic movements. His works are still popular today and are performed and interpreted in different cultural and political forms all over the world.

Jone Shakespeare lives in Stratford upon Avon. William shakespeare's father is Jone Shakespeare, a successful glove businessman and city councilman. His ancestral home is in Snitt, and his mother, Mary Arden, is the daughter of a rich landlord. [4] Shakespeare was born in April 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, England. According to records, Shakespeare was baptized on April 26th of that year. It is generally believed that his birthday is April 23rd, St George's Day. [5] This date was a mistake of a scholar in18th century, which proved to be only attractive, because Shakespeare died in 16 16 on April 23rd. [6] He is the third and oldest son of eight children in the family. [7]

Although there is no preserved attendance record, most biographers agree that Shakespeare was educated at King's School in Stratford-upon-Avon, [8] which was established in 1553, [9] a quarter of a mile away from his home. The quality of junior high schools in Elizabethan era was uneven, but the curriculum in England was stipulated by law, [10] and the school provided intensive education in Latin and classical literature. [1 1] 18 years old, Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway at the age of 26, and the religious court of Worcester parish issued a marriage certificate on June1582+065438+1October 27th. The next day, Hathaway's two neighbors promised that there was no obstacle to getting married. [12] The couple may have arranged the wedding in a hurry, because Judge Worcester only allowed the announcement of marriage once, but usually it was announced three times. [13] Hathaway was pregnant with Shakespeare's child, which may be the reason for her anxiety. After half a year of marriage, my daughter Susanna was born and baptized on May 26th. 1583. Two years later, his twin sons Hamnet and Judith were baptized on February 2, 585/kloc-0. 151596 August 1 1 day, Hamnet died of unknown reasons at the age of 1 1. [ 16]

After the twins were born, there were few historical records about Shakespeare until he appeared in the drama company in London on 1592. Due to the absence of this period, some scholars call 1585 to 1592 Shakespeare's "lost years". The biographer tried to explain his experiences during this period and described many fictional stories. Nicholas rowe, Shakespeare's first biographer, told a legend circulating in Stratford-upon-Avon. Shakespeare was accused of illegal deer hunting and came to London from his hometown to escape prosecution. [18]1another version of the story in the 8th century is that Shakespeare became a theater partner in London and began his drama career. John Aubrey described Shakespeare as a country headmaster. [20] Some 20th-century scholars think that Shakespeare may have been hired as the headmaster by Alexander Horton of Lancashire, a Catholic landlord who mentioned a certain "william shakespeare" in his will. [2 1] There is no evidence that these stories are different from some rumors after his death. [22]

= = = London and drama career = = =! ! The exact time when Shakespeare began to write is still a mystery, but clues and performance records of the same period show that several of his plays have been staged on the London stage from 65438 to 0592. [23] At that time, he was very famous in London, and playwright robert green wrote an article attacking him:

"... there is a crow who beautifies arrogance with our feathers. His "performer's appearance is wrapped in a tiger's heart", and he thinks he has enough ability to pad out a blank poem like the best among you; Moreover, he is a handyman who does everything and thinks he is the only "rocker" in the country. [24] "

Scholars have different opinions on the exact meaning of these comments, [25] but most people think that Green made fun of Shakespeare and tried to compare himself with christopher marlowe, thomas nashe and Green, who had received college education, and achieved a higher status than he should. [26] "The tiger's heart is wrapped in a player's skin" imitates Shakespeare's line "Henry VI III" (Oh, the tiger's heart is wrapped in a woman's skin). The pun "shake-scene" implies the target of Green's attack-Shakespeare's name-"shake the spear". [27]

The Attack of Grimm is the earliest record of Shakespeare's dramatic career. According to the biographer, his career may have started from the mid-1980s to any time before Green's comments. [28] Since 1594, Shakespeare's plays have only been performed in the Palace Minister's Troupe, which is composed of playwrights, and Shakespeare is also one of the shareholders, and later became the most important troupe in London. [29] 1603 After the death of Elizabeth I, the new King James I awarded the royal emblem to the troupe and renamed it the King's Troupe. [30]

The reconstructed Globe Theatre in London 1599, a partner of the troupe built their own theatre-Globe Theatre on the south bank of the Thames. 1608, the Black Friar Theatre was also taken over by them. Shakespeare's property purchase and investment records show that the troupe made him rich. [3 1] 1597, he bought the second largest house in Stratford on Avon; 1605, he invested some parish tithes in Stratford-upon-Avon. [32]

From 65438 to 0594, some of Shakespeare's plays were published in quarto. By 1598, his name has become a selling point and began to appear on the title page. [33] After becoming a successful playwright, Shakespeare continued to perform in his own and others' plays. Shakespeare's name was included in the list of actors in Ben Jonson drama published by 16 16, such as 1598' s Different Personality and 1603' s West Jenas. [34] His name did not appear in the cast of Jonson 1605 "Falbourne Nye", which some scholars think is a sign that his acting career is coming to an end. However, first folio, a collection of Shakespeare's plays published by 1623, lists Shakespeare as one of the main actors in all plays, some of which were staged for the first time after Foulponnet, although we can't confirm his specific role. [36] 16 10, john davis of hereford wrote that he played the role of a monarch. [37] 1709, Luo continued the traditional view that Shakespeare played the soul of Hamlet's father. [38] Later, according to the traditional view, he also played Adam in Happy Everyone and played a chorus in Henry V [39]. However, many scholars doubt whether the sources of these materials are reliable. [40]

Shakespeare spent half his time in London and the other half in Stratford-upon-Avon. 1596 the year before buying a new house in his hometown, Shakespeare lived in the suburb of St. Helen on the north bank of the Thames. [4 1] 1599 He moved to the south bank of the river, where the troupe built the Globe Theatre in the same year. [42] 1604, he moved to an area with many high-grade houses on the north bank of the river in the north of St. Paul's Cathedral again. He rented a house from a man named Christopher Montjoy, a French Huguenot who made wigs and other headdresses. [43]

[Editor] Old Age and Death

From 1606 to 2007, Shakespeare wrote fewer plays, and no new works came out after 16 13. [44] His last three plays were probably written in cooperation with john fletcher. [45] After Shakespeare, Fletcher became the chief playwright of the King Company. [46]

Luo was the first biographer who traditionally believed that Shakespeare retired to Stratford-upon-Avon a few years before his death, [47] but he rarely stopped all his work at that time, [48] and Shakespeare continued to go to London. [47] 16 12, summoned by the court as a witness in the lawsuit of marriage property contract of Mary, the daughter of mountjoy. [49] 16 13 In March, I bought a cabinet room in Heiseng Temple. [50] Since June 16 1 1, he and his son-in-law John Hall have been in London for several weeks. [5 1]

1665438+On April 23rd, 2006, Shakespeare died, [52] leaving his wife and two daughters. The eldest daughter Susanna and physician John Hall got married in 1607, [53] and the second daughter Judith married the wine merchant Thomas Kinner two months before Shakespeare died. [54]

Shakespeare left most of his legacy to his eldest daughter Susanna in his will. [55] This clause stipulates that she will pass the property to "her first son" intact. [56] There are three children in the Kiner family, all of whom died before they got married. [57] There was a child in the Hall family, Elizabeth, who was married twice, but died in 1670. There were no children, so there were only so many direct descendants of Shakespeare. [58] Shakespeare rarely mentioned his wife Anne in his will, and she probably inherited one third of his property automatically. But he deliberately mentioned that she was left with "my second best bed", which caused a lot of speculation. [59] Some scholars think that this relic is an insult to Anne, while others think that this bed next to it was once a wedding bed, so it is of great significance to commemorate it. [60]

Two days after his death, Shakespeare was buried in the high altar of Trinity Church in Stratford-upon-Avon. Sometime before [6 1] 1623, a memorial tombstone and his bust were erected on the north wall, and the portrait was engraved with what Shakespeare was creating. The inscription compares him with Nestor in Greek mythology, Socrates in ancient Greece and Virgil in ancient Rome. [62] A slate was covered on his tombstone to remove the curse caused by moving bones.

work

Notes on English Original Names of Chinese Classified Translation Names

Everything is fine if the ending is good, and the comedy "Happy Ending" is once again translated as: wish #

As you wish.

The wrong comedy is translated into: wrong comedy, wrong comedy.

The effort of love was in vain.

Another translation of tit for tat, tit for tat: Please go into the urn, measure your sin and compare it with your heart #

The Merchant of Venice

die lustigen weiber von windsor

A Midsummer Night's Dream

Much ado about nothing and translation: catching the wind and catching the shadows

"Prince Pelikles of Tyre" Perikles, Prince of Tyre? 6? 9[a]

Taming the Shrew

Storm *

Twelfth Night or something.

Two gentlemen in Verona, translated again: two dear relatives

Two noble relatives *? 6? nine

The story of winter

Historical drama King John, King John

Richard II

Henry IV, part 1.

Henry IV (Part II) Henry IV, Part II

Henry V.

Henry VI (Part I) Henry VI, Part 1? 6? 9[c]

Henry VI (Part II) Henry VI, Part II.

Henry VI (Part III) Henry VI, Part III.

Richard

Henry VIII? 6? 9[d]

Tragedy Romeo and Juliet

Ko Leoline Nas, Colio Lan.

Titus Andlau Knicks, Titus Antelo Knicks? 6? 9[ England]

Timon in Athens? 6? 9[f]

Julius Caesar

Macbeth. Macbeth 6? 9[g]

Hamlet Hamlet

Troy Ross and Cressida Trollous and Cressida #

King Lear

Othello Othello

Anthony and Cleopatra

Cymbeline *.

Sonnets Sonnets Sonnets

Venus and adonis Venus and adonis.

The rape of Lucretius: the rape of Lucretius

Re-translation of Enthusiastic Pilgrim: Enthusiastic Wanderer [h]

Phoenix and tortoise

A lover's complaint and translation: love for women.

get lost

Love comes from labor, and work "love is well deserved"

Cardeno? 6? nine