Note
(1) Xie Taifu: Xie An (32-385), whose name was Anshi, was born in Yangxia, Chenjun, Jin Dynasty (now Taikang, Henan Province). I have worked in Xing Wu as a prefect, an assistant, an official department minister, and a Chinese guard army. Posthumously awarded as a teacher.
(2) Episode: Family gathering.
(3) Children: sons and nephews.
(4) Talking about the meaning of the paper: talking about poetry.
(5) er: soon, not for a while.
(6) sudden: urgent, tight.
(7) gladness: a happy look.
(8) What is it like? What is it like? What, what; Like, like.
(9) Hu Er: Xie Lang. Xie Lang, word length, the eldest son of Xie An's brother. Worked as a prefect of Dongyang.
(1) the difference can be approximated: almost comparable. Poor, roughly, almost; Quasi-comparison.
(11) if not: it is better.
(12) because: take advantage of, multiply
(13) that is: yes.
(14) Women without games: Xie Daowen, a famous talented woman in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was famous for her intelligence and talent. No game, refers to Xie Yi, the word no game.
(15) Wang Ningzhi: Zi Shuping, the second son of Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher, worked as Jiangzhou secretariat, General Zuo, and Huiji civil history.
Appreciation
This is an eternal story, which shows the outstanding song talent, meticulous observation of things and flexible imagination of Xie Daowen, a talented woman.
according to the biography of Wang Ningzhi's wife Xie's family in the Book of Jin and Shi Shuo Xin Yu Yan, Xie An tasted the internal episodes on a snowy day, and told his children about the meaning of the thesis. Suddenly, it snowed, An Xinran sang rhymes, and his brother and daughter sang songs (poems as above), and Ann laughed.
What Xie An is happy about is that the skirt hairpin doesn't allow an eyebrow, and the niece is more talented than the nephew. According to Xie Lang's rare literary title, Shi Shuo Xin Yu Speech quoted Xu Jinyang Qiu as saying that he was "literary and elegant", while Literature quoted Zhongxing Shu as saying that he was "knowledgeable and talented". Therefore, my uncle rhymes and starts the topic, and my nephew is the chorus, which shows that he is quick-witted. In all fairness, "salting in the air" can also be regarded as an analogy. Snow drifts down with its white crystal, and Xie Lang draws an analogy nearby, and draws it in the air with salt removed. Although it is not clever, it is also poor to describe.
However, the clever sister is not superstitious about her elder brother's talent. She thinks it's good to imitate snow with salt, but it doesn't describe the fundamental characteristics of snowflakes with six petals, dancing with the wind, surging and endless. Therefore, in view of her brother's original sentence, she made a bold amendment: "If catkins are not due to the wind."
catkin, as a spring scenery, has the characteristics of being like a flower, rising from the wind, drifting without roots and flying all over the sky. Liu Hua Fu, compiled by Jin Wu, once described: "The flowers are flying in the snow, or the wind is back and swimming thin, or the fog is chaotic and soaring, and the wild is clean and filthy, and everything is all in color and bright." Xie Daowen compared this to the north wind blowing snow all over the sky, which is a perfect fit. Catkin is bigger than its words, pointing out the scene of "sudden snow" at that time, and "because of the wind" points out its natural characteristics of dancing with the wind and rambling. (In the Song Dynasty, He Zhu's "Jade Case" has the phrase "the wind in the city". ) Compared with this, the snow catkins are different and interesting. If we look at the analogy of "sprinkling salt in the air" in this way, it will be a bit embarrassing. Shen Deqian, a Qing dynasty, said, "It is difficult to show the truth, and it is hard to tell the truth. Every object is similar in shape." Metaphor is the basic rhetorical device of poetry. Its key lies in its appropriateness, vividness and novelty. This is where Xie Daowen's sentence is higher than his brother's.
However, the reason why the real well-known sentences are spread through the ages and spread to the population is that they can convey the author's inner thoughts and feelings through images. The beauty of this poem by Xie Daowen lies not only in the analogy of work, but also in revealing the feelings of a talented woman who loves life and nature. She compares the cold winter scenery with snow in the north wind to the warm spring scenery with cotton blowing in the east wind, which shows the author's cheerful and optimistic mind and sincere yearning for a beautiful spring.
According to the biography of the Book of Jin, Xie Daowen's couplet was praised not only by her uncle, but also by all the guests present. This couplet became a much-told story, and Xie Daowen won the reputation of "praising talents" from now on. Later, Liu Xiaozhuo, a Liang of the Southern Dynasties, wrote a poem on snow, including "Gui Huashu is beautiful and catkins are raining." It' s better than the salty pool, and it flies thousands of miles. " Maybe it was inspired by Xie Daowen.
It should be noted that Xie Daowen's excellent couplet. It's not a moment's work or inspiration, but it's based on her usual profound literary accomplishment. The article "Shi Shuo Xin Yu Speech" quoted "Women's Collection" as saying that she was "a literary talent, and her poems, poems and eulogies were handed down to the world". Unfortunately, most of them have not been preserved to this day.
Author
Liu Yiqing, originally from Pengcheng in the Southern Song Dynasty, lives in Jingkou. In the Southern Dynasties, Song Wudi was the nephew of Emperor Wu of Song, the second son of Changsha King Liu Daoliu, and his uncle Linchuan King Liu Daogui had no children, that is, he took Liu Yiqing as his heir. Liu Yiqing, the nephew of Liu Song Wudi, was outstanding among the kings and was highly valued.
one.