How does the author describe Xiangling and Lin Daiyu?

Reading Xiangling's poems, we can't help but marvel at Lin Daiyu's profound knowledge and educational art, and we are deeply moved by Xiangling's modesty and studiousness. Lin Daiyu deserves to be a good teacher who has read a lot of poetry books and is well versed in teaching art, and Xiangling deserves to be a smart and witty good student. In the forty-eighth episode of A Dream of Red Mansions, they performed a touching teaching and learning movement together, showing the unique aspects of the characters' personalities. (A) The acme of teaching in A Dream of Red Mansions, Lin Daiyu's main character is sentimental, sickly and aloof, but what we see in this article is a well-read teacher who is warm and generous and has the temperament of a poet. When Xiangling asked her for advice, she didn't shirk her responsibility because of etiquette and rules like Baochai, but took on the responsibility of being a teacher with great interest. She said, "If you want to write poetry, you should worship me as a teacher. Although I don't understand, I can probably teach you. " I am very happy to be a teacher, and I do my duty. I am positive, frank and confident, beyond words. First of all, she encouraged Xiangling to build up confidence: "What's so difficult about learning poetry? "You are also a very smart person. It takes less than a year to be a poet! " With confidence, Xiangling naturally becomes energetic, so she is confident and interested in learning. Lin Daiyu put forward the essentials of poetry simply and clearly, which made Xiangling dispel many worries and quickly shortened the distance between teaching and learning. What she said was the outline of the "course", strategically placed, regular, vivid and simple, which made Xiangling understand the importance of "taking law as the top priority". She actively guides students step by step in teaching, and should pay attention to accumulation and perception. Let's look at Lin Daiyu's teaching methods again: Unit 1, "carefully and thoroughly" one hundred poems of Wang Wei's five-character rhythm, first experience the unity of scenes and enter the poetic mood. Unit 2: Read one or two hundred Du Fu's seven-character poems to further understand the "true scenery and true feelings" and the skills of poetry. Unit 3: Read one or two hundred Li Bai's seven-character quatrains "Back to Nature" to cultivate the individuality and imagination of poetry. The three courses arranged by Lin Daiyu pay attention to foundation, comprehensive implementation, reading and sentiment, which are the three levels of the realm summarized by future generations. Moreover, Lin Daiyu emphasized self-study and comprehensive training of reading, speaking and dictation in her teaching. Emphasize practice and inquiry, and attach importance to the cultivation of ability. "* * * How many songs do you remember?" "Have you tasted anything?" "Just pay attention to the discussion, to grow. Come and listen to me. " "You wrote a song." ..... Lin Daiyu is well versed in teaching, checking the feedback in time, exchanging discussions, revising the summary, and improving her grades in an all-round way. When Xiangling wrote her first poem, Lin Daiyu pointed out in time: "The meaning is different, but the wording is indecent." At the same time, help her find out the reason for her failure: "You read few poems, so you are bound by him." And actively guide her to dare to innovate: "throw this away, make another one, and let go of your courage." When Xiangling brought her second poem, Lin Daiyu felt deeply sorry-"naturally it was hard for him", but she was realistic and strict: "This one is so boring, I have to write another one." Until she finally wrote a new ingenious and interesting masterpiece. Here, Cao Xueqin simply writes off the teaching process. When we read the section "Xiangling studies poetry", we can completely read the unique Lin Daiyu. She is not only a poet, but also a teacher, a good teacher with poetic, spiritual, understanding, patience, creativity, rich teaching experience and vitality. Daiyu is very good at teaching. She will soon bring atmosphere to students and let them enjoy learning. This is the inevitability of her realm, and this is of course Cao Xueqin's proud pen. (2) the realm of learning. I'm afraid a schoolmaster like Xiangling is rare. She is smart and witty, eager for teachers, sincere and innocent, not only eager to learn, but also good at studying hard, and finally achieved impressive results with her own efforts. 1. Enjoy learning. Although Xiangling is a concubine, her bones are full of the blood of people who write poetry and calligraphy. For poetry, she has long had a real yearning, and she also has a desire to learn poetry. But because there was no chance, she had to get an old poem by herself, so she took time to read two. Therefore, there are poems in her heart, such as "heavy curtains don't leave fragrance for a long time, and ancient inkstones are slightly concave and gather more ink." Her study of poetry is absolutely different from the carefree pursuit of boring aristocrats and the persistent elegance of vulgar people, but a persistent and tenacious self-return, which is a poetic daughter's persistent pursuit of poetic feelings, poetic personality and even poetic ideals. As soon as she entered the park, she asked Baochai for advice, which showed her studious spirit. Unfortunately, although Baochai could write poems, she paid attention to etiquette and declined Xiangling's entreaties. However, Xiangling did not lose confidence in learning. I ran into a soft nail and went to Xiaoxiang Pavilion to ask Daiyu to teach poetry. Finally, she was taught by Daiyu. There is an old saying: "Knowing is not as good as being good, and being good is not as good as being happy." Xiangling's study of poetry is both good and enjoyable, so she gets twice the result with half the effort. 2. Be good at learning. Xiangling studies very well. She not only listened carefully and did what the teacher asked, but also paid attention to sorting out and summarizing what the teacher taught and digesting it in time. Pay attention to reading, understanding and feeling in the learning process, and pay attention to accumulation and application. Let's take a look at how Xiangling understands poetry: "In my opinion, the benefits of poetry are unspeakable, but when you want to go, it is vivid. It seems unreasonable, but it is reasonable to want to go. " In the first stage, she realized the taste and essence of poetry. His words are simple and his reasoning is profound. She organically combines poetic imagery with life experience, and through associating and imagining the two wings of this poem, she promotes her simple sensibility to a profound rational palace, showing her unique poetry comprehension ability. His orientation of valuing meaning over things, valuing enlightenment over understanding directly pursues the ethereal poetic realm of "antelope hanging on the horn, with no trace to be found". After reading, understanding and talking about poetry, she naturally wants to write poetry. Xiang wrote three poems about the moon. The first two times were either dull or boring, but she was not discouraged. She carefully summed up her writing experience and found out her own shortcomings. Finally, she captured fresh images and wrote fresh poems. 3. study hard. As the saying goes: "There is a road to diligence in Shushan, and there is no limit to learning the sea." In the process of learning poetry, Xiangling relies not only on cleverness and understanding, but also on hard work and diligence. After listening to Daiyu's instruction, Xiangling borrowed books and read them as required. Xiangling took the poem and returned to Wu Hengyuan. "。 She doesn't care about anything, but reads one by one under the lamp. Baochai urged him to sleep several times, but he didn't sleep. "Its painstaking and dedicated is impressive. When Xiangling won the title of writing poems, she "struggled to write two more poems, but could not bear to part with Du Fu's poems, and read two more. This kind of tea and rice is unintentional and can't sit still. " She read, realized and wrote, and now she is selling, and finally she wrote a song. However, it was asked to be rewritten only because of its indecent wording, blunt rhyme and monotony. Look at Xiangling. "She came back quietly, but she didn't even come into the house. She just sat under a tree by the pool, lost in thought on a rock, or squatted on the ground digging soil ... frowned once and smiled again. " . Xiangling's painstaking efforts, concentration and intentions have reached the level of obsession. No wonder even Baochai praised her: "I wish I could be as painstaking as him." There is nothing you can't learn. " When the second poem failed, Xiangling still forgot her efforts and continued to work hard. She "walked to the front of the steps, walked under the bamboo, dug her heart for courage, didn't listen, didn't look", and went crazy. "I lost my light at night, went to bed and lay down in the middle of the night, my eyes were dim, and I didn't sleep until the fifth watch." She persisted in thinking hard, but finally won the favor of the muse and found a good sentence with her painstaking sincerity. The third poem looks like a dream, but it is actually the crystallization of painstaking efforts. Xiangling's process of learning poetry should prove the three realms of learning since ancient times. The first realm is the stage of "doubt": "Last night, the west wind withered the green trees, and I went up to the tall building alone and looked at the horizon." The second realm is the "bitter rope" stage: "I don't regret getting wider, I am haggard for Iraq." The third realm is the "epiphany" stage: "The crowd looked for him for thousands of Baidu, and suddenly looking back, the man was in the dim light." Cao Xueqin provides us with not only a reference for learning poetry, but also a reference for all artistic creation, which is the typical character value of the image. The first draft of Xiangling Poetry Review only says that the moon is beautiful and bright for viewing, which has a simple meaning and no aftertaste. The phrase "the poet joins in the fun" is indeed indecent as Daiyu said. The language of the second draft is almost poetic. Although it is paved, it is simply that the moonlight is beautiful. Daiyu's criticism of being "too boring" can be said to hit home. There is a * * * similarity between these two poems, that is, they don't put themselves into the poem, but they are actually written for the sake of writing poetry, which inevitably makes people feel dull and tasteless when reading. In the third draft, every sentence was written about the moon, and every sentence was written about parting. Finally, Chang 'e's "self-questioning and self-answering" is integrated into the loneliness and helplessness that the author has accumulated in his heart for more than ten years since he left his parents at the age of three. With this feeling, the author's self-image is also found in the poem, so the idea of "cold" comes from looking at the moon, and then looking at the most under the moon-"knocking on the anvil", "singing the chicken", "smelling the flute" and "leaning on the column" almost evokes her yearning for her hometown and the desolate meaning of self-injury life experience, which is really intriguing. The sisters said the poem was "novel and interesting", which was by no means a compliment.