2. Storytelling: "At the age of three, I am willing to care." "Don't care about me" should be understood as "Don't care about me";
3, "Shi Shuo" "I don't know that sentence, I don't understand it, or I am ignorant, or I am not (no)." (a) the symbol of the object in advance;
4. "The Hongmen Banquet": "Liang asked:' What's the king doing here?' "How to do" should be understood as "what to do";
5. "Zou Ji satirizes coachable, the king of Qi", who is Xu Hongmei and me? "What" comes first;
6. Yan Hongan in The Hongmen Banquet? "An" word front;
7. What's so annoying about retiring Qin's Fu Jin with the power of a candle? (a) the symbol of the object in advance;
8. "Yueyang Tower": "Hey! Who is Weiss? " "To whom" should be understood as "to whom".
2. The sentence of prepositional object (1) in the seventh to eighth grades of Chinese in People's Education Edition is called object inversion and prepositional object.
1, Confucius: What's the matter? The inversion sentence of "What's the matter" in Ailian Shuo.
2. Why is it for me? "He You" in Ten Analects of Confucius is an inversion of "He You".
I don't feel sorry for myself, but I still want to defend my country. "No self-pity" is the inversion of "no self-pity".
4. Don't bend and stretch your fingers. (Preface to Sending Dongyang) The inverted sentence of "being lazy" means "being lazy".
5. People in the city don't know. (Man Jing's Travels) The inverted sentence of "unknown" means "unknown".
6. Don't be uncertain. (Zou Ji satirizes Chabr, King of Qi) The inversion of "not confident" means "not believing in yourself".
7. Who gave the lotus love? (On Ailian) The Love of Lotus is the inversion of Ailian.
8. Wan Li came to Rongji, and the mountain was flying. (Mulan Poetry) "Guanshandu" is the inversion of "Duguanshan".
9. Nobody cares about Hengyang Goose. ("The fisherman's pride? Qiu Si) "Hengyang geese go" is an inverted sentence of "geese go to Hengyang".
(2) Preposition object.
1. Why did Confucius call it "Wen"? (Ten Analects of Confucius)
"Why" is the inversion of "Why".
2. Wes, who are we going home with? Who am I going home with is an inverted sentence of "Who am I going home with", which can be translated as "Who am I with?"
3. Why did you fight? (Cao Gui debate) "Why" is an inverted sentence of "Why", which can be translated as "By what".
4, how can you get wet in the long night! (The hut was blown by the autumn wind) "Why is there a car" is an inverted sentence of "Why is there a car?"
5. It's called Wen. "Scholar" is the inversion of "Yi Shi".
6. The whole stone is the bottom. (Little Stone Pond) "All-stone as the bottom" is the inversion of "All-stone as the bottom".
3. Urgently ask someone to teach Chinese books. All the classical Chinese in Grade 7 and Grade 8 (1) prepositional object sentences are called object inversion and prepositional objects.
1, Confucius: What's the matter? The inversion sentence of "What's the matter" in Ailian Shuo. 2. Why is it for me? "He You" in Ten Analects of Confucius is an inversion of "He You".
I don't feel sorry for myself, but I still want to defend my country. "No self-pity" is the inversion of "no self-pity".
4. Don't bend and stretch your fingers. (Preface to Sending Dongyang) The inverted sentence of "being lazy" means "being lazy".
5. People in the city don't know. (Man Jing's Travels) The inverted sentence of "unknown" means "unknown". 6. Avoid self-confidence.
(Zou Ji satirizes Chabr, King of Qi) The inversion of "not confident" means "not believing in yourself". 7. Who gave the lotus love? (On Ailian) The Love of Lotus is the inversion of Ailian.
8. Wan Li came to Rongji, and the mountain was flying. (Mulan Poetry) "Guanshandu" is the inversion of "Duguanshan".
9. Nobody cares about Hengyang Goose. ("The fisherman's pride? Qiu Si) "Hengyang geese go" is an inverted sentence of "geese go to Hengyang".
(2) Preposition object. 1. Why did Confucius call it "Wen"? "Why" is the inversion of "Why".
2. Wes, who are we going home with? Who am I going home with is an inverted sentence of "Who am I going home with", which can be translated as "Who am I with?" 3. Why did you fight? (Cao Gui debate) "Why" is an inverted sentence of "Why", which can be translated as "By what". 4, how can you get wet in the long night! (The hut was blown by the autumn wind) "Why is there a car" is an inverted sentence of "Why is there a car?"
5. It's called Wen. "Scholar" is the inversion of "Yi Shi".
6. The whole stone is the bottom. (Little Stone Pond) "All-stone as the bottom" is the inversion of "All-stone as the bottom".
4. Special sentence patterns of pear planting in classical Chinese, such as preposition object, postposition and other common special sentence patterns in classical Chinese. There are four common special sentence patterns in classical Chinese: judgment sentence, ellipsis sentence, passive sentence and inversion sentence. First, the judgment sentence expresses the affirmation or negation of objective things, which constitutes the relationship between judgment and judgment. This is the so-called judgment. It usually consists of the following ways: 1. With certain function words. Such as "zhe" and "ye". (l) Chen, a native of Yangcheng, is also fighting for her husband. (2) Debate, (3) Surrounding Chu Mountains and Zuiweng Pavilion, (4) Being north of the city, the beauty of Qi is also beautiful. Zou Ji satirized the King of Qi. 2. With the help of words such as "Nai", "Yes", "Wei", "Ze" and "Ben". (1) Fu Su's Chen She family is the founder; (2) Alice is a middleman; (3) Xiang Yan is the Chen She family of General Chu; (4) This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower; (5) This is an example of Zhen Liang's death. Using nouns or noun phrases as predicates to express judgments is also a form of judgment sentences in classical Chinese. (1) Seven Classics and Four Libraries, Book Borrowing by Emperor Huang Sheng (2) Book Borrowing by a Rich Family, Book Borrowing by Huang Sheng (2) Elliptic Sentences Some sentences omit some components of the sentence in a certain language environment. This kind of sentence is called ellipsis. In ancient Chinese, common ellipsis sentences have the following forms: 1. Subject ellipsis (1) The wild snake in Yongzhou, [snake] is black and white, "The Snake Catcher said" (2) [The man in the Peach Blossom Spring] saw the fisherman, but was shocked by the Peach Blossom Spring. Predicate ellipsis (2) Li is the head of the family. 3. The object ellipsis (left) Ambassador [Fu Su] will send soldiers to the Chen She family. (2) The fisherman will go home. (4) Preposition ellipsis (L) Chen She Family [2] Wu Lingren. Narrative sentences in which the subject and predicate are in a passive relationship are called passive sentences. Generally speaking, there are the following forms: L. Passivity is expressed by "for ………" and "for". (1) was printed as a trap for the pack to follow, (2) was offered to the village at the beginning of the week, and (3) his childhood interest was swallowed up by two worms. Infantry are mostly users. The rabbit in Home (2) cannot be recovered, while Waiting for the Rabbit (3) in Song Dynasty uses "Yu" to express passivity. (1) is only humiliated by a slave's hand. (2) Worship Wu Zong's "Le Gong Luo Cheng". Therefore, in the translation of classical Chinese, it is sometimes necessary to make appropriate adjustments. Inverted sentences in ancient Chinese usually have the following forms: 1. Verb inversion (1) is very bad. You don't like Yugong Mountain (2). Sadly, the world is also sad. 2. Preposition object A. What's wrong with pushing the object with the auxiliary word "zhi"? Put it before a verb or preposition. 3. "Zhe" is often used as a marker after the attribute, and it is placed before the noun in translation. (1) People who cover the peach pit and narrow it call it "the story of the nuclear ship" (2) "Ma Shuo" who traveled all the way from the horse to eat or eat all the millet stones (3) and then took the lead in taking on three husbands. Translation should come before predicate. (1) Bone-throwing Wolf (2) Fighting with a long spoon; Cao Gui Debate (3) Sacrificing four special sentence patterns in classical Chinese above Chen She family, which are often encountered in junior high school classical Chinese learning. Mastering the usage of these special sentence patterns is of great help to improve our reading ability of classical Chinese. The passive sentence of special sentence pattern in classical Chinese is called passive. That is to say, the subject is the passive and victim of the behavior indicated by the verb, not the active and implementer. If you use "for" to express passive "death, death, the whole world is laughing", will you complain? ... laughed at by the whole world) and "being" to express passive "loyalty" and slander? " (loyalty is vilified by others, can you not resent it? In classical Chinese, the subjects of passive sentences are passive and patient (…… cheated in vain) and passive "subject to others" (subject to others) and "intolerable distance". "(can't be tolerated by neighbors). In ancient Chinese, the subjects of passive sentences are passive and patient, not active and agent. That is, with the help of some passive verbs, the other is unmarked passive sentences, also called passive sentences with ideas. Marked passive sentences generally have the following forms: the preposition "Yu" is used after the verb to indicate passivity, and "Yu" plays the role of guiding the initiative. For example, "Therefore, I am confused about Zheng Xiu. The foreign bully is Zhang Yi." ("Historical Records". Biographies of Qu Yuan) The actions of "confusing" and "bullying" here were issued after "Yu" with Zhang Yi. Sometimes, the preposition "Yu" or verb is preceded by "Bei" to form the form of "Bei". Yu, "said. I am afraid that I will be bullied by the king. I'm afraid I will be wronged by the king. (ditto) I was violently attacked by the king. (Mencius Hui Liang Wang Xia) There is a special usage of Jian, which is very similar to the passive form of Jian, such as "Is Ji Jun honest or angry". "(such as" forgive me "in modern Chinese. Use "Wei" and "Wei". Cable "to express passivity. For example, "(the giant) will be merged by others in a distant county." Zi Tong Zhi Jian uses "Bei" to express passivity. For example, "Yu Jude remembers that Duke Zhou was arrested and Ding Mao looked forward to March.
5. In the special sentence pattern of ancient Chinese, the situation of preposition object is described, and examples in class are listed. The special sentence pattern of middle school classical Chinese-preposition object verb preposition object In modern Chinese, transitive verb+object (nominal language unit) = verb-object phrase, transitive verb and its following object are in a dominant and dominant position. However, in classical Chinese, sometimes there is a linguistic phenomenon that the object is placed in front of the verb. That is, "prepositional object". Several common types are summarized as follows. 1. In interrogative sentences, the interrogative pronoun is the verb object, and the object is placed before the verb predicate. Common interrogative pronouns include "who, who, evil, others, death, Hu, evil, security and Yan". (65438+ The Hongmen Banquet (II). Where is Pei Hongan? The hongmen banquet (3). What if the pot is too black? I went to the countryside. 2. In negative sentences, pronouns are objects, and objects are placed before verbs. The so-called negative sentence is a sentence expressing negative meaning, that is, there are negative adverbs "no, no, Wei, Fei, no, no" or negative verbs "no" or indefinite pronouns's "mo". If the object is a pronoun, it is usually placed before the verb predicate. We ignore it. Li Sao (2). I didn't know it was gone. Li Sao (3). 70 people are clothed with meat, but the people are not hungry or cold. But they are not kings, and there is nothing left. 3. With the help of "zhi" or "yes", the object is advanced to the verb for emphasis. ""humble room inscription "(2). What does Fu Jin hate? I don't know what to look at, but I'm confused. Master teacher (4). I only listen to my fate (idiom) (5). I only seek profit (idiom) (6). I only follow Feng Wanzhen (7). My brother and sister-in-law only follow preposition preposition object in modern Chinese "Sacrifice to Twelve Lang Wen". Put it after the predicate and act as the complement of the predicate. It should be noted that its structure is preposition before and object after. However, in classical Chinese, this prepositional object phrase sometimes advances the object behind to the preposition, that is, the prepositional object. Common situations are as follows. (In classical Chinese, the common prepositions are "Yu, Yi, Wei, He, Cong and Zi". Who is Weiss? "To whom" should be understood as "to whom". The story of Yueyang Tower (2). Once the mountain collapses, why entrust yourself to Zhao? Touch the dragon and say "Empress Zhao" (3). What's the difference between what you don't do and what you don't do? History, Volume 4. My king is hardly ill. How can he play the drums? How can I hunt in the field? Bao Zhuang meets Mencius (5). Why else would this book be here? The hongmen banquet and historical records (6). Zhuangzi (7). Wang Q: How do you know Lian Po and Lin Xiangru (8)? How do you solve your troubles? Only Du Kang. 2. The object of the preposition "one" is more active. Even if it is not an interrogative pronoun, it can be used to emphasize the object. (1). "All that's left is to remember and let the lookout get what he wants." Liu Zongyuan's Snake Catcher is a common pronoun. The Book of Songs Autumn is a noun. When locative nouns are used as prepositional objects, they sometimes refer to prepositional objects. "Wang Xianghe and Xiang Bo sit at the east gate; Father sits south-father, Fan Zeng also; Pei Gong sits in the north; Sean is waiting in the west. " ("The Hongmen Banquet").
6. What are some examples of classical Chinese sentence patterns in junior high school textbooks? (Belongs to the prepositional object) True or false sentence: Liu Ziji, Nanyang, enjoys the stone. Ellipsis: For example, Lian Po was General Zhao, and (Lian Po) cut it to pieces. (Biography of Lin Xiangru, Lian Po) Let me give you a few more examples: the order of sentence components in classical Chinese is generally "subject, predicate and object" and "definite (form)-". This is the so-called inverted sentence in ancient Chinese, that is, the order of some sentence elements in classical Chinese is reversed. Inverted sentences mainly have the following forms: 1. In ancient Chinese, the position of predicate, like modern Chinese, is usually placed after the subject, but sometimes in some interrogative sentences or exclamatory sentences, the predicate is placed before the subject in order to emphasize and highlight the meaning of the predicate. For example, (you don't benefit much! ) 2 Anke in the childe is in urgent need (Anke in the childe is in urgent need) 3 People call me love fit (People call me love fit) 4 It's embarrassing, black veil is horizontal, soap is vulgar! (Wu Sha's cross, the custom of soap opera script is very common! Second, the attribute is placed after 1. Add the word "zhi" between the head word and the postposition attribute, and then end with the word "zhe" to form the format of "head word+zhi+attribute+zhe". For example: ① It is a call for young elite fighters in Xie Zhuang. (Young military commander) 2 The beauty of the species is also in the five grains. (Whole grains are excellent varieties of crops) 3 There are horses eating or exhausting a stone thousands of miles away (there are horses thousands of miles away) 4 There are loud stones everywhere (loud stones) 2. Add the word "zhi" between the head word and the postposition attribute to form the format of "head word+zhi+attribute", which indicates the postposition of the attribute. For example: ① Earthworms have no claws. Flowers and trees decorate flowers, not relying on magical embroidery) 3 People who live in high places in the temple will care about you, people who live far away from rivers and lakes will care about your husband. (The high temple is far from the rivers and lakes) 3. Attribute is placed after the head word and ends with the word "zhe". Formed the format of "head word+attribute+person". For example: ① He leads his children and grandchildren to bear the burden of three husbands. His old friend tasted it and heard about it with the servant cultivator. [Some of his (Bobby Chen's) old friends who used to work as farm labourers heard the news] ③ The prince and guests who knew about it were given away for nothing (the prince and guests who knew about it). ④ The plan is uncertain. People who ask for help report to Qin (people who ask for help report to Qin) 5 Young people in the village (teenagers who do good deeds) 4. Add the word "er" between the head word and the postposition attribute, and then end with the word "zhe" to form the format of "head word+er+attribute+zhe". For example: ① These four things are the unreported poor people in the world. [this] 5. The quantifier attribute is put behind, forming the format of "head word+quantifier". (1) the art of twelve volumes, each volume has the name of the Lord. ② Preposition structure as adverbial. In modern Chinese, adverbials are placed in front of predicates, and if they are placed behind, they are complements. However, in classical Chinese, the complement is often adverbial. In classical Chinese, object-object phrases composed of "one" and "Yu" are common, and there are the following situations when used as adverbials: 1. The object-object phrase composed of the preposition "Yu" is often in the position of complement in classical Chinese. When translated into modern Chinese, most of them should be moved to the front of verbs as adverbials, except for a few that are still used as complements. For example: ① "green, take it from blue" should be placed in front of the verb as an adverbial. It's urgent, please order General Sun for help (please order General Sun for help). The public will ride with it and fight against the spoon. 2. The preposition "one" is usually used as an adverbial in translation today. For example, it is reported. (It is reported) (2) is to take ten Meng Chong combat ships. Decorated with the shape of a turtle and beast with a seal script (decorated with the shape of a turtle and beast with a seal script) 4 Cover with the palm of your hand * Preposition structure "Yi" is often placed in front of verbs as an adverbial, such as: ① Press its face with a wooden board, and the words will be as flat as a rock; Please dance the sword, because sitting on four is a blow to Pei Gong. Preposition object (abbreviated) includes verb preposition object, preposition preposition object (1) verb preposition object 660. After a negative word. The so-called negative sentence refers to a negative sentence, that is, a sentence with a negative adverb "bu, bu, wei, fei, bu, wu" or a negative verb "wu" or a pronoun "mo" is called a negative sentence. For example, the ancients didn't deceive others (the ancients didn't deceive others), and the residual thieves did business, and they stopped (. The commonly used interrogative pronoun is "he", and other interrogative pronouns are "who, who, An (what, where), Hu (what, where), Li (what)" and so on. For example: ① (Liu) Where is Yuzhou going today (where is it going today) ② Wang Yue: (Who can be an envoy? ) 3 knowing what it means, he held hands and said, "What do you want to say?" What are you trying to say? ) 3. Put the object before the verb with "zhi" or "yes" or "zhiwei" to emphasize the mood (this situation is rare in ancient Chinese). For example, if you throw meat at a tiger, what merits do you have? (What's the merit) 2 mercenary (profit-seeking) 3 mercenary listening (obedience) 4 Only you are asking (asking you) 5 I don't know what to read, and I'm confused. (2) Preposition Object In classical Chinese, common prepositions are "Yu, Yi, Wei, He, Cong, Zi, Xiang" and so on. They are often combined with nouns or noun phrases. Preposition objects are usually placed after prepositions. In classical Chinese, the preposition object is placed before the preposition. 1, interrogative pronouns are usually placed before prepositions. For example, the king asked, "How do you know?" How do you know that? Wes, who are we going home with? (。