Taking the battle of Changjin Lake in the Korean War as the historical background, I will tell you that tragic history. One generation suffered five generations, one generation did five generations of things, one generation finished five generations of wars, and one generation made five generations of achievements.
I. Choice
Scene 1: At three o'clock in the morning, teachers are still thinking about whether to resist US aggression and aid Korea. How to fight? Who's in command? It's hard to make up your mind.
During the Korean War, the United Nations Army (1. United States, 2. Britain, 3. France, 4. Canada, 5. Australia, six. New Zealand, 7. Turkey, 8. Ethiopia, 9. South Africa, 10. Greece, 165438. In addition to the above-mentioned countries that sent troops to participate in the war, India, Italy, Norway, Sweden and Denmark also sent medical teams or medical boats to intervene, and drove the North Korean army back to the 38th parallel, ignoring China's warning and continuing to cross the 38th parallel northward.
This is the Korean War directed by the Soviet Union, and the Soviet Union is enjoying a beautiful dream with an ambiguous attitude. North Korea won the Soviet Union and got Busan Port. If North Korea loses China, it will have to turn to the Soviet Union to help defend the Northeast. If the U.S. troops hit the northeast and the Soviet Union just returned to the northeast, if there is a confrontation across the Yalu River, China will just become a buffer zone between the United States and the Soviet Union, and both sides will win.
Aid Korea, New China is in an emergency. War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression: We deeply understand the gap with Japan. World War II showed us the gap between Japan and the United States. In the face of the United States, which can smash Japan into pieces in seconds, the gap between our national strength and scientific and technological strength is unacceptable, not to mention the fact that the American imperialists still have the atomic bomb as a big killer. Sending troops will win, but you can't win by hook or by crook.
Without assistance, North Korea will certainly not survive, and the northeast of China will be opened. In fact, at that time, the air force of American imperialism had invaded the northeast airspace for investigation, strafing and bombing. The northeast is the Ruhr area of new China, and the real "coal-steel complex" can't be the front line; The Kuomintang will use North Korea to counterattack the mainland, and the remnants of the mainland are ready to move and prepare for the war in Northeast China.
Historical experience tells us that protecting North Korea means protecting Northeast China, and protecting Northeast China means protecting New China. The reason is easy to understand, but the determination is difficult. In fact, the teachers who sent troops to North Korea have already made up their minds, but it is still a question who will command them. In the party, there are generals Peng and Su Yu who are good at commanding large-scale corps operations. Because the strength gap is too big, Shuai Lin, known for its caution, explicitly opposes sending troops; General Su Yu is the most suitable. He was too ill to get out of bed at that time. At the critical moment, who dares to cross the knife immediately, only General Peng. Boss Peng came to the teacher's residence late at night, prepared and with a plan. The idea of weakening the mechanization advantage of American imperialism with mountains, weakening the air advantage of American imperialism with night battles, and concentrating superior forces to fight annihilation wars hit it off with the teacher.
Our generation has fought all the battles that should be fought, and our descendants don't have to fight any more!
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Second, the gap.
Shot 2: From the beginning, the film shows the comprehensive strength of the American imperialists at a great length.
Countless planes are flying freely in the air. Aircraft carriers and warships in the sea are like jiaozi, and tanks and chariots on land are one after another.
In the film, the Marine 1 Division (commander is General oliver smith, the vanguard of the US military 10) is the trump card of the US military. In the Pacific battlefield, in the face of the most elite Japanese army, I have never suffered defeat. Is a strengthening division with more than 30 thousand people. It has 139 tanks, 432 howitzers and cannons, more than 3,000 cars and 1600 radio stations. More than the ninth legion combined. Especially radio, a class of American troops can call artillery and even aircraft support by radio.
Logistics support from the base to the diet, wearing leather clothes, eating turkey, eating and drinking, eating whatever you want.
Every time the US military goes out, it carries a lot of materials, weapons and shells, and it is always accompanied by a large number of vehicles and tanks. With the ammunition consumption of the US military, we basically have to rely on mountains of materials to fight.
On the other hand, we have no air and sea power. At the beginning, the Soviet army was agreed to provide air force, but at the last moment when the volunteers entered the DPRK, the Soviet army chickened out and said that it would not give aircraft or air support.
Compared with the army alone, our entry into the DPRK is fast and mobile, and there are basically no heavy weapons. The main battle weapon is a small caliber rifle left by Japan. This weapon is a typical long-range weapon, but it can't kill people. At the beginning of the film, the task of Company 7 was to escort 20 radio stations into the DPRK, and as a result, 8 radio stations were lost on the way.
In terms of logistics support, because there is no air superiority, the support route is blocked and it is difficult to get through. Weapons, ammunition and supplies are basically carried with you when you enter the DPRK, and the quantity is limited. Due to the competition for time and fighters, the Ninth Corps (the reinforcements under the jurisdiction of 20, 26 and 27) was originally the ace of the East China Field Army, 1, 8 and 9. It turned out that he was secretly training in the southeast coast, preparing to liberate the elite troops in Taiwan Province Province. The 9th Corps not only has the history of reorganizing the 74th Division of the U.S. plane, but also has the experience of mountain fighting. It was temporarily and urgently transferred from the south. Before changing clothes, many troops entered the DPRK in light clothes. After the fighting started, the number of non-combat casualties was serious, with the ninth corps casualties 19202 and frostbite casualties of 28954. Many teams lost their combat effectiveness without going to the battlefield at all, so that they could not form superior forces to achieve panic in the later stage. If the Soviets help in the battle of Changjin Lake, the First Normal University of the US Marine Corps will probably explain it in Changjin Lake. The diet is mainly fried noodles and potatoes. It is impossible to make a fire in order to avoid the air raid. Volunteers can't eat hot meals and have no water. When they are thirsty, they eat snow. Potatoes are frozen like ice bumps. When eating, put it in your arms and heat it before eating. Due to insufficient supplementation of carotene and vitamin A, most volunteers suffer from night blindness and can't see anything.
Volunteers could not supply ammunition or materials, and the logistics convoy was blown up on the road. Some companies are even miserable, with only three bullets per soldier. In the battle of Changjin Lake, the first wave of attacking volunteers all carried weapons; The second wave of attacks, not everyone has a weapon. They picked up the weapons that sacrificed their comrades in the first wave of attacks and charged. The third wave is all political workers with submachine guns. The volunteers have used all available people, and no one will back down.
The teacher later said that the three most difficult things to fight with the United States were whether to fight, whether to defend and whether to ensure logistics. A war without logistical support will not last long. In the later period of the war, the people of Northeast China spontaneously formed stretcher teams and stretcher camps to go deep into the Korean battlefield to rescue the wounded and deliver materials.
Third, tragedy.
Scene 3: Song, commander of the Ninth Corps, walked out of the headquarters and took a look at the outdoor thermometer, which showed more than 30 degrees below zero. Knowing that there are still many troops without cotton-padded clothes, he can't help but sigh: We are not only fighting the American imperialists, but also fighting God.
The Korean War not only faced the U.S. imperialists who ranked first in the world's military, but also caught up with the extremely cold weather once in 50 years in North Korea, and the temperature at night could reach MINUS 30 to 40 degrees. Soldiers' feet, socks and hands are as white as snow, the strings of grenades can't be pulled out, and the fuse doesn't get angry. The barrel of the mortar shrank because of the cold and could not shoot 70%. The soldiers' hands are glued to the shells ... it's no problem to charge, they dare not lurk motionless in the position. The soldiers wore rubber shoes, and it was tens of degrees below zero, and everyone's feet were festered with cold. Rubber shoes are frozen on your feet and can't be taken off at all. As soon as you take it off, you peel off a layer of skin. Some soldiers' ears are hard with cold, and they fall off when they touch it, and they don't feel anything at all!
The winter clothes of the US military include winter hats, tweed uniforms, sweaters, coats, wool socks, leather boots and duck down sleeping bags. The company is equipped with cotton tents and stoves. In addition to a small gasoline stove, each class and each car has a special electric stove for heating. Due to sufficient ammunition and gasoline, in order to prevent the equipment from being damaged by freezing, the US military stipulates that weapons should be fired every 30 minutes. In desperation, the company commander of the American army told the tired soldiers to change their wet socks to avoid frostbite. Despite this, there are still 67 people in a battalion of the US military who can't move because of frostbite in one day, and several of them were forced to amputate afterwards.
On the way back, the US 1st Marine Division met a sniper company of the Volunteers. Because of the long-term ambush in the cold fortifications, the whole company was frozen into an ice sculpture. Although they all died, everyone remained vigilant and unyielding. This made the division commander of the first marine division greatly sigh: this is a team that can never be defeated.
After the war, Song, commander of the Ninth Corps, reported to the Central Military Commission in a telegram to the commander of the Volunteers that the severe cold had brought great losses to the Ninth Corps: the fifth company of the 242nd Regiment of the 80th Division of the 27th Army, except a straggler and a correspondent, was preparing to attack the 365438 +0 Regiment of the 7th Division of the United States. After the battle started, no one in the company stood up. When cleaning the battlefield, I found that all the cadres and soldiers of the company froze to death in the battle formation, and the remains were free of any scars and blood. In the battle of Changjin Lake, the "Ice Sculpture Company" was organized in this way, and there were 20 companies 177 regiment and 2 companies 180 regiment.
"The Long Battle: Korean War in the Eyes of Americans" once recorded such a tragic scene: "China soldiers are covered in ice and are still charging tenaciously. China soldiers' only anti-freezing measure is to paste their feet with lard and suet to prevent frostbite, but they have shown the most incredible courage and willpower in the history of human war. Hundreds of thousands of officers and men trekked in the snowy glaciers and crossed the hail and sea of fire in the cold of MINUS 20 degrees Celsius. "
After the war, Smith, the division commander of the US Marine Corps 1 Division, was deeply impressed: in the battle of Changjin Lake, the steel troops (American troops) fought side by side with the steel people (volunteers). Teachers have also commented: we are more angry than steel!
According to statistics, volunteers were killed198,000 people (including those who died due to injury, illness and disappearance), and 292,800 people were killed by the "United Nations Army" led by the United States (about 62,400 American troops, 227,800 South Korean troops and 2,597 other members of the United Nations Army). The war is fierce, both China and the United States.
Relying on the correct strategy above, reasonable tactics in front, the tenacious fighting spirit of soldiers, the belief that everyone is eager to win after enduring humiliation for a hundred years, and the support of the broad masses in the rear, the volunteers won the victory in the case of backward weapons, with far fewer casualties than the enemy.
Fourth, meaning.
Scene 4: At the central decision-making meeting, the teacher made a decision to send troops to North Korea, and said: One punch, so as not to punch a hundred times.
This punch has played a national prestige and played a peaceful development for a hundred years. The Korean War was the first war in the United States without a victorious division. In winter, when the blood of that wound just gushed out and solidified into powder and was blown away by the wind, the volunteers were so brave, so brave and brave, and went forward, breaking the myth that the American imperialists were invincible for 200 years. At this point, the whole world is shocked, and everyone can't imagine that China's army has pushed the US military to the south of the 38th parallel after the Nanjing Massacre 15 years and only 7 years after the fall of Henan, Hunan and Guangxi. Its own logistics and equipment are seriously at a disadvantage. It is a miracle of war to defeat the strong with the weak, and it is the peak of human hot weapon war. Even Omar bradley, chief of staff of the US Army, finally had to admit: "This is a wrong war with the wrong enemy at the wrong place and at the wrong time".
After this war,
The local war between China and the Soviet Union in Treasure Island was precisely because of China's strong fighting power in the Korean War that the Soviet Union did not dare to risk a nuclear attack on China and a full-scale war with China.
During the Vietnam Civil War, the US military intervened. China told the United States through Pakistan that if it crossed the 17 latitude line, China would not sit idly by. If the American bombing spread to China, China would be regarded as a full-scale war. During the twenty years when the United States invaded Vietnam and fell into the quagmire of war, it never dared to cross the "red line" drawn by China for the United States, because the United States remembered the 38th parallel of the Korean War.
In this law of the jungle world, no bloody war, no baptism of fresh blood, other countries can't have awe of you! The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea not only established China's status as a great power, but also enabled us to acquire a complete industrial system from the Soviet Union (in the process of resisting US aggression and aid Korea, the Soviet Union decided to aid the China 156 project, which was a complete industrial system and the only time in human history that "a complete industrial system was transferred between the two countries". "156 Project" is not only a complete industrial system, but also the largest intellectual property transfer in the history of human industrialization. Any project has hundreds of thousands of intellectual property rights, and the amount of funds needed is huge. What's more, there are some things that you can't buy with money (think about the current technical blockade in the United States), which will transform China from an agricultural country to an industrial power in the shortest time.
The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea is a turning point in China's fate.
This war laid the international status of China today, laid the industrial foundation for economic development, and regained the confidence that China people have lost since the late Qing Dynasty, all of which were attributed to "the planning of the founding fathers and the implementation of countless revolutionary martyrs who gave their lives".
Pay tribute to the ancestors and cherish the memory of the martyrs!