Song Dynasty: Wang Anshi
The golden stove smells fragrant, and the headland breeze bursts with cold.
Spring bothers me that I can't sleep, and the moon moves the railing.
Translation and annotation:
(1) translation.
The night is already deep, the incense burner has been burned out, and the water in the colander is running out. The spring breeze after midnight is chilling.
However, the scenery in spring is disturbing, and the shadows of flowers and trees quietly climb the railing with the movement of the moon.
(2) Precautions.
1, leakage: ancient timing clepsydra.
2, Mimi: describe the cold wind in early spring to cut noodles, sharp and biting.
Appreciate:
Wang Anshi was a scholar in A.D. 1042 (the second year of Li Qing, Song Renzong), and a thousand words of reform in A.D. 1059 (the third year of Jiayou) were not adopted. It was not until A.D. 1068 (the first year of Xining, Song Shenzong) that Zongshen was ready to implement the new law, and was not called to Beijing to meet him until April. Twenty-six years later, Wang Anshi's relegation is not counted. The biggest regret is that the idea of political reform has not been realized. At this time, the situation changed suddenly, and I met a new emperor who appreciated his determination to reform. It was supposed to be a good opportunity for the dragon and tiger to reign supreme, right in front of me. Therefore, when he stayed in the Forbidden City, facing the bright spring, he cut the breeze, the golden stove was blazing, and the moon moved to the shadow, which aroused the uncontrollable waves in his mind and provoked him to sleep for his political spring.
The theme of this quatrain is the same as that of Du Fu's five-character poem "Walking in the Night at Zuoting": "Flowers have shadows, palaces have darkness, and birds have habitats. In the palace, thousands of families seem to be flashing, approaching the announcement that there should be more moonlight. I didn't dare to sleep at night, but I heard the key unlock the door, the night wind whispered, and the voice of missing floated to Grelott. I have a petition to submit in the morning, and I have been asking what time it is all night. "
The first two sentences of this poem are equivalent to the first two couplets of Du Fu's poems, both of which are about scenery. The first sentence is vision and hearing, with exercise as a contrast. Wang Anshi wrote the scene of spring dawn; Du Fu, on the other hand, couldn't sleep, because he seemed to hear the key of someone opening the palace door and the bell of a hundred officials moving forward. Its significance is relatively small, which is caused by the huge difference in their status. The second sentence uses touch to write the cold night at dawn. The third narrative segment is lyrical. What the poet pursues is Du Fu's desire to "trace back to the era of a great ruler and great politician", and this exciting era is coming. He didn't just have trouble sleeping. "I have a petition to submit in the morning, and I've been asking what time it is all night." But the poet left a question: Why can't he sleep? Why can spring be annoying? The poet deliberately did not say why. The word "annoying" is an antonym here and should be interpreted as "annoying" rather than "annoying". The word "annoying" in Du Fu's poem "Wei Quhua is a hooligan and everyone is annoyed" means "annoying", and it is by no means too annoying to sleep. The last sentence is based on the scenery: but I saw the moon moving, reflecting the shadow of flowers, obliquely reflecting on the railings in the courtyard. Poetry is expensive and implicit. Except for the third sentence, every word in this poem is about scenery, but the words are hidden.
This poem has profound internal lyric twists and turns, but the external performance is the beautiful scenery of spring night, and the creative technique is ingenious. The poem is closely linked to the middle of the night, but it doesn't directly say what the night is like, only the scenes at night. The poet does not write about people's homesickness, but writes about the passage of time through the fragrance leaking from the moon, thus showing the poet's long wandering and deep homesickness. On the surface, it was the night in this yard that disturbed the poet's dream. In fact, it is precisely because of the poet's strong memory of distant people that he finds the spring scenery in front of him doubly annoying, and his feelings are expressed implicitly, twists and turns, profoundly and infinitely.
The poet's description of the beautiful scenery of the spring dawn in the palace is the same as Du Fu's Nine Flowers Drunk in Spring, Jia Zhi's Forbidden City in Spring, and Cen Can's Rosefinch Song, Dyed in April in Court. In modern terms, beautiful scenery symbolizes a beautiful situation. If there is no "nine clouds shining under the moon", there will be no "shadow on the fence", which shows that Wang Anshi began to write after understanding Du Fu's "Night Tour in Zuogong".
So, this political lyric poem. Wang Anshi expressed his feelings for the spring breeze with love poems.
Brief analysis
(1) General comments.
This is the work of a pregnant woman on a spring night. The poet does not write about people's homesickness, but writes about the passage of time through the fragrance leaking from the moon, thus showing the poet's long wandering and deep homesickness. On the surface, it was the night in this yard that disturbed the poet's dream. In fact, it is precisely because of the poet's strong memory of distant people that he finds the spring scenery in front of him doubly annoying, and his feelings are expressed implicitly and twists and turns.
The advantage of this poem is that it is closely related to midnight everywhere, but it does not directly say how the night is, but only writes about the scene at night.
In fact, if you don't look at the background of the author's poems, you can't see that he misses his loved ones. But we can feel from the poem that the author seems to be anxious because he misses something or someone in his heart.
(2) Writing skills.
The main feature of this poem is euphemism and implication. When the author writes about the night, he uses various changes of scenery instead, which is not blunt, and reflects the always implicit style of China's poetry. The author used "excuses" when writing his mood, saying that he was angry with spring scenery, but in fact he had other ideas, all of which were euphemistic and implicit expressions. This poem also uses metonymy and other techniques.
(3) Interpreting poetry.
The first sentence, "Golden stove is short of fragrance", can't be seen in spring night, and can be used in summer night, autumn night and winter night. Poetry is more common. "The golden stove is full of incense" and "the sound is not seen" are both descriptions of late at night. The ancients used a leaky pot to measure time, and the water in the leaky pot was almost used up, indicating that time had passed a lot. Su Shi's "operator of divination" uses "leaking people to be quiet at the beginning" and "leaking" to write the night. Basically, poetry writing "Leaky Pot" is all about the night.
The second sentence, "Cape wind blows cold" and "Cape", originally meaning neat feathers, is used here to describe the cold wind. This sentence describes the "light" and "cold" of the wind. It can be seen from this sentence that the author wrote "Spring". Because the summer wind is cool, the autumn wind is cold and the winter wind is cold, only the spring wind is "light" and "cold". The first two sentences of the poem together are "night" and then "spring", not "spring" and then "night", which is vulgar and ordinary.
The third sentence is "spring scenery bothers me and I can't sleep." This sentence is very good, which can be said to be quite brilliant. Because poetry is written in spring, generally two attitudes are the mainstream. One is to appreciate love and attachment, and the other is to lament regret and emotion. In fact, they also love spring, but they are worried that spring will flow away in advance. Wang Anshi is ingenious here, saying that "spring scenery is annoying". Why hate it? There must be a mystery behind this. As for the mystery, the author did not point it out in the poem. Readers can infer from this sentence that there must be something that the author thinks is more worth remembering than enjoying the beautiful spring scenery. That is-relatives.
The fourth sentence is "the moon moves and the shadow is on the fence." Although "Moonshadow Moving Flowers" belongs to "common words and common sentences", the scenery is good, with flowers in the moon and flowers in the shadow. This poem indirectly shows that the author has been awake, watching the flower shadow move from the courtyard to the railing. The night is getting deeper, but people always can't sleep. The reason is I miss you so much.
Generally speaking, the most brilliant sentence of this poem is "Spring scenery bothers me to sleep", and the rest are relatively ordinary poems.