Phragmites communis is a perennial herb of Phragmites communis, which has developed grape rhizomes and hollow smooth stems. The leaves are needle-shaped and arranged in two rows; Panicle slightly bent downward, with white pilose between branches; The fruit is lanceolate; The flowering period is in July; The fruiting period is from August to165438+1October.
Reed is distributed all over China, and it is common in rivers, lakes, ponds, ditches and low wetlands. Reed can adapt to different ecological environments and likes to grow in swamps, floodplains and shallow lakes, so it is called wetland reed. It is called dry reed, which is distributed in oasis farmland, saline-alkali land and even the periphery of some desert areas in arid areas.
Reed has strong reproductive ability, and seeds, rhizomes and aboveground stems can be planted under suitable conditions. "Compendium of Materia Medica" records that reed leaves can cure cholera, and reed stems and roots can clear away heat and produce fluid, relieve annoyance and stop vomiting. Phragmites australis inflorescences are magnificent and beautiful, often used as ornamental plants in low-humidity areas of lakes and river banks, which have the functions of strengthening dikes, slope protection and controlling weeds.
Reed is also an important part of wetland and swamp environment. The ecological value of reed wetland has the reputation of "second forest", which plays an irreplaceable role in purifying water source, regulating climate and protecting biodiversity.
Control of reed diseases and insect pests:
The main pests are Spodoptera litura and barnyard grass, which generally reduce the yield of reed by about 30%, and even completely fail in serious reed fields. In order to control these pests, we should start with "prevention first and comprehensive management".
Do a good job in three aspects: first, timely flat cutting, light collection and cleaning, burning primer and surface fire, scarifying the soil and freezing the ice after cutting, reducing the wintering places of pests, reducing the source of wintering insects, and achieving early prevention. Second, when the first generation larvae are infested from the middle and late April to the early May, we should seize the time to cut off the dead seedlings, burn them centrally or bury them deeply, and at the same time trap and kill them with various lights.
Third, according to the insect situation forecast, timely drug control. Use drugs that are inhaled internally and do little harm to natural enemies, and focus on spraying drugs on "four sides" to pick and cure the dead group. Thanks to these measures, the population decline rate has reached over 90%.