The short paper is laid slantingly, making grass, and the fine breasts of the clear window are used to share tea. ——Lu You, Song Dynasty, "The Early Spring Rain in Lin'an" Low paper is laid slantingly, making grass leisurely, and tea is served with fine milk under the clear window.
From "The First Spring Rain in Lin'an" written by Lu You in the Song Dynasty, three hundred ancient poems, spring, writing about the sorrow of rain, translation and annotations
Translation
Officials in recent years My interest is as light as a layer of gauze. Who asked me to ride a horse to Kyoto as a guest and be tainted by the prosperity?
I stayed in the small building and listened to the patter of spring rain all night long. In the early morning, I would hear people hawking apricot blossoms deep in the alley.
I spread out a small piece of paper and scribbled it calmly and diagonally, each word in order. I carefully boiled water, made tea, skimmed foam, and tried to taste famous tea in front of the window on a sunny day.
Oh, don’t sigh that the dust in Kyoto will stain your white clothes. During the Qingming Festival, you still have time to return to your hometown of Sanin by Jinghu Lake. Appreciation
If you cover up the author's name and read this poem "The First Spring Rain in Lin'an", you may think that it was not written by Lu Fangweng, who was an "iron horse" and "swallowed the remaining prisoners". Although there is a spring color like apricot blossoms in the poem, it also implies the sentimentality of "the taste of the world is as thin as gauze" and the boredom of "idlely doing grass" and "playing with tea". This is very inconsistent with the majestic and tragic style of Lu You who sang "defending the Luntai for the country" and "serving the country wholeheartedly".
Since Xiaozong summoned Lu You in the fifth year of Chunxi, he has not been reused. He only served two terms in Fujian and Jiangxi to promote Changping Tea and Salt. In the five years after returning home, he stayed away from politics. But he has a deeper understanding of the strife and changes in the political arena and the harshness of the world. Therefore, at the beginning of the poem, a unique and clever metaphor is used, lamenting that the world and human relationships are as thin as a translucent gauze. So the first couplet started by talking about the "thinness" of "the taste of the world", and asked in surprise, "Who made the horseman travel to Beijing?" Lu You was sixty-two years old at the time. He not only had a long career of ups and downs, but also had unfulfilled ambitions. He also suffered from various misfortunes in his personal life. This old man who had a rough life lamented and expressed his inner feelings about the harshness of the world. This kind of lament may be unquestionable for others, but for Lu You, who "lying in a lonely village without mourning, but still thinking about guarding the Luntai for the country", it seems unreasonable. He went to Beijing under the imperial edict and was appointed magistrate of Yanzhou. For Lu You, who has struggled all his life and has always been determined to realize his ideal of serving the country, giving him power and making him have a way to serve the country actually caused him to question "who".
The chin couplet points out the "poetic eye", which is also a famous line by Lu You. The language is fresh and timeless. The poet lived alone in a small building, listening to the patter of spring rain all night long; in the early morning of the next day, the sound of selling apricot blossoms came from the deep alley, telling people that spring was deep. The continuous spring rain is written by the poet's hearing; while the indifferent spring light is revealed in the sound of flower sellers. Written vividly and profoundly. It is said that these two poems were later introduced to the palace and were highly praised by Emperor Xiaozong, which shows that they were widely recited at that time. People who have always commented on this poem think that these two sentences are detailed and appropriate, depicting a bright and vivid picture of spring scenery, but they have not noticed that its role in the whole poem is not only to depict the spring scenery, but also to be integrated with the poetic meaning before and after. In fact, "the small building listens to the spring rain all night" exactly means that the continuous spring rain is like a sad thought. When reading this line of poetry, don't let go of the word "one night". It implies that the poet has not fallen asleep all night, and the worries about national affairs and family affairs have come to his mind along with the sound of rain. Li Shangyin's poem "The autumn clouds linger and the frost flies late, leaving the withered lotuses listening to the sound of rain", so the withered lotus listening to the rain implies the longing for friends. Lu You's writing here is more subtle and profound. Although he uses brighter words, his intention is still to express his depression and melancholy, and it is precisely with the bright spring scenery as the background that it forms a sharp contrast with his lonely feelings. .
The following neck couplet expresses his mood. In this bright spring scenery, all the poet can do is to "draw paper leisurely on short paper". Lu You is good at cursive writing. Judging from the existing handwriting of Lu You, his cursive writing is sparse, clear and graceful. This sentence is actually an allusion to Zhang Zhi. It is said that Zhang Zhi is good at cursive writing, but he usually writes regular characters. When people asked him why, he replied, "I am in a hurry and have no time to write in cursive." This means that writing cursive script takes too much time, so I have no time to write. The mainland tourists living in Beijing are very bored, so they use cursive writing for entertainment. Because it is the beginning of light rain, we say "Qingchuang" and "Xinruxifencha" here are tea tasting and tea ceremony. Writing cursive scripts while having nothing to do, and sipping tea under the sunny window, on the surface, it is a very leisurely and tranquil state, but behind this, there is hidden the poet's infinite emotions and complaints. Lu You has always had the ambition to do something vigorous for the country, but the position of Yanzhou magistrate is not in line with his ambition. What's more, to meet the emperor once, he doesn't know how long he has to wait in the guest house! The country is in troubled times, but the poet is killing time by writing books and drinking tea. It is really boring and sad! So I could no longer suppress the resentment in my heart and wrote the last two sentences.
Although the last couplet is not like the ancients who complained about "plain clothes turning into silk" (Jin Luji's "Giving Good Things to Gu Yan Xian": "Jingluo is dusty, plain clothes turn into silk"), but this couplet is not only It expresses the pain of traveling in the wind and frost, and also contains the meaning of being transformed by the bad turbidity in the capital after living for a long time. The poet claimed that Qingming Festival was not far away and he should go home as soon as possible instead of staying in Lin'an, Jiangnan, the so-called "heaven on earth" for a long time. The poet *** entered Beijing, but only passed by in a hurry, and then left in a hurry. Lu You used his own meaning here, which was actually self-deprecating.
Among Lu You's many famous poems, there are works that express great patriotism and concern for the people, such as "Moon over the Mountain" and "Feelings of the Autumn Night When Dawn Goes Out of the Fence Gate to Welcome the Coolness"; some express dreams and express feelings. , works of sorrow, anger and sorrow, such as "The Wind and Rain on November 4th". These poems are either direct expressions of the heart and painful statements, or they are full of ink and brushwork, recalling the past and thinking about the present. They are all majestic and majestic works; the author also has beautiful and simple countryside. There are descriptions of life, such as "Visiting Shanxi Village"; there are also sad works that remember love and past happiness, such as "Shen Yuan". These and other things are very different from "The Spring Rain in Lin'an". "The First Spring Rain in Lin'an" has no heroic singing, no mourning, no angry poems, and no tears. There is only the inexplicable depression in the colon and a light sigh, "Don't feel this feeling in my heart." .
The harsh reality forced him to make some gloomy conclusions about the court, the emperor, life and society. Unlike many of his dream poems, in the middle of the night, when everything is silent, the author has no real life scenes to disturb him. He can fantasize about the distant starry sky and the rainy night, and say any bold words. But in the prosperous imperial capital, the author couldn't help himself. Although the spring scenery in Lin'an City is beautiful, the bureaucrats prefer to stay in a corner, forgetting to avenge their country and whitewashing the peace. The author is always awake. In the superficial atmosphere of peace and prosperity, he sees the numbness of the world and the ignorance of the court, and thinks of his own unfulfilled ambition. But he could neither sing loudly nor express his love in dreams, so he had to express his melancholy through the scenery of spring, and wrote spring as a heartless thing.
It can be said that "The First Spring Rain in Lin'an" reflects another aspect of the author's inner world. In addition to singing and serving the country on the battlefield, in tents and under the night sky, the author occasionally wanders melancholy. In "Shu Anger" written almost at the same time, the author showed his consistent heroic feelings in a completely different way. "Book Anger" is, in a certain sense, the author's summary of his tragic life. "You know how difficult things are in the world at an early age", but you finally have the courage to say "who can be compared to others in a thousand years", leaving his life to the judgment of history. The comparison between "The First Spring Rain in Lin'an" and "Book of Anger" can show the repetition of the poet's emotional thoughts in a short period. Lu You is Lu You after all, and he will not stay in "leisure" and "playing" forever. Soon after he took office in Yanzhou, he still insisted on resisting the Jin Dynasty and put it into action, expressing it in poems. Finally, he was dismissed from office for "mocking and praising the wind and moon". His continuous "spring rain with apricot blossoms" developed into the violent storm of "Iron Horses and Glaciers Come to Dreams" in "The Storm and Rain on November 4th". Creative background Lu You was sixty-two years old when he wrote the poem "The First Spring Rain in Lin'an" and had been unemployed for five years in his hometown of Shanyin (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). In the spring of the thirteenth year of Chunxi (1186 AD), the author was ordered to go to Beijing to accept the post of magistrate of Yanzhou. Before taking up his post, he first went to Lin'an (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang) to meet the emperor, and stayed in an inn by the West Lake to await his summons. In boredom, he wrote this widely read masterpiece. Lu You (1125-1210), with the courtesy name Wu Guan and the nickname Fang Weng. Han nationality, native of Shanyin, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang), and a famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. When he was young, he was influenced by his family's patriotism. During the reign of Emperor Gaozong, he took the examination of the Ministry of Rites and was deposed by Qin Hui. During the reign of Emperor Xiaozong, he was granted a Jinshi background. He entered Shu in middle age and devoted himself to military life. He was appointed to Baozhang Pavilion to be appointed. In his later years, he retired to his hometown. There are more than 9,000 poems in existence today, and they are extremely rich in content. He is the author of "Jiannan Poetry Manuscript", "Weinan Collected Works", "Southern Tang Book", "Laoxue'an Notes", etc.
Lu You put the windlass in the well to soak in wine, opened the parrot in the cage and served fried tea. Old age and spring are like illness and wine. The only thing left is the fragrant tea pot and the small curtain with seal script. Don't be frightened by the wine and fall into a deep sleep. Gambling on books will make the fragrance of tea disappear. At that time, I just thought it was ordinary. It's hard to write a letter without writing a post. I knock on the bed and make tea. After waiting for the lamb, wine, and tea, Yangzhou Crane. The tea pot is ripe, the wine is flowing, and the poems are crazy when drunk. The road is long but I feel sleepy when I'm tired of drinking. When I'm high in the sun, I'm thirsty and think about tea. Fry the cardamom tips into water and do not use them as tea. When spring comes, the tea leaves are still white, and the plum blossoms are all red. Sigh, old friends come and go, who comes to sleep and drink tea in the afternoon. Wuyou holds a bowl and sends it to tea lovers. The only thing I know about Qin Li is the Lushui River, and the only place I know about tea is the Mengshan Mountain. The wine shop prefers the bitterness of Tuancha, and the fragrance of Rui Nao is preferred when dreams are over. Songhua makes wine and spring water makes tea. Businessmen value profit over separation. The month before last, they went to Fuliang to buy tea.