Patriotic Family
Born in Miaosu County, Taiwan Province Province, it can be said that he was born in a patriotic family. His ancestors were "Hakkas" who moved south from the Central Plains to escape the war, but they moved south because they didn't want to live quietly in front of the invaders. During their long-term exile, they had to fight against the sinister natural environment, and developed the habit of hard work and enterprising spirit. And future generations remembered a legacy: ancestors moved to the south because of foreign invasion, and all future generations, no matter where they settled down, worked hard in Ying Qin to make themselves strong. When I arrived at Qiu Fengjia's great grandfather Qiu Shijun, because the cultivated land was narrow and there was no livelihood, I traveled across the sea with a group of Hakkas and migrated to Taiwan Province. This was probably the middle period of Qing Qianlong. By Qiu Fengjia's generation, the Qiu family had settled in Taiwan Province for four generations and nearly a hundred years.
In 1864, Qiu Fengjia was born in such a family of rural teachers who had a strong patriotism and love for their hometown, but kept a simple and honest lifestyle in life. Since childhood, Qiu Fengjia was nurtured by a simple and honest family style and tempered by a hard life, and he was eager to serve the country and the nation. All this has had a positive and beneficial impact on his future career and life path. Qiu Fengjia was gifted since childhood, and he never forgets to read. Under the personal teaching of his father, he was able to read and write at the age of six or seven. At the age of 14, he went to South Taiwan to take a boy's test, and won the first place in Taiwan. He was noticed by Ding Richang, the governor of Fujian Province and a learning station, and was specially given the seal of "Dongning gifted scholar", which made him famous throughout Taiwan. In 1888, he took part in the rural examination, and the pilot was a juren.
in the spring of the following year, he went to Beijing to take part in the examination (1889, 15th year of Guangxu reign), and was a middle-ranking scholar, who was appointed by Yu Heng, director of the Ministry of Industry. At this time, Qiu Fengjia was only 26 years old, but he had no intention of pursuing a career. He resigned to his hometown, devoted himself to educating scholars and giving lectures, and served as a lecturer at Chongwen College in Tainan, and also served as a lecturer at Hengwen College in Taiwan and Luoshan College in Chiayi. In 1892, the General Administration of Taiwan Province Tongzhi was officially opened, and Qiu Fengjia was hired as an interviewer to interview and supplement the local facts, so he had more opportunities to go deep into the people and understand the social conditions. During this period, the whole Chinese nation was in a profound national crisis and social contradictions, and the colonial aggression of western powers made the Chinese nation face the threat of life and death. Such social reality could not help but make Qiu Fengjia feel depressed and worried. He lamented: "It is difficult to make up for it in a romantic day, and there is no place to bury his worries." "The island has been exhausted for ten years, and the frontier will be difficult for thousands of miles." He had a premonition that a great turmoil was coming. Although he was invisible in the mountains and devoted himself to teaching and reading, his desire to serve the country was hot and strong. In his library, he taught himself to "watch when the eagle wings are out of the clouds" in order to be clear-minded and always ready to serve the country.
Battle of Taiwan Province
In 1894, the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894 broke out. He foresaw the danger of Taiwan Province's future, called for "defending the Japanese and defending the land" and set up a rebel army. He took the lead in selling his property to pay for military expenses and mobilized his relatives to join the army. Soon, 16 battalions (in fact, only more than 3 battalions have been trained) were established, and Qiu Fengjia served as the commander of the whole Taiwan Rebel Army (also known as the general of the Rebel Army). On April 17th, 1895, Li Hongzhang and Japanese Prime Minister Hirofumi Ito signed the "treaty of shimonoseki" in Chunfan Building, Maguan, Japan, which aroused the indignation of the whole nation. Qiu Fengjia was indignant and immediately wrote a letter, * * * Li Hongzhang's traitorous behavior. Since then, he has repeatedly joined forces with Taiwan Province gentlemen to send an appeal to the court, demanding that the anti-Japanese war be annulled. Qing * * * not only ignored Taiwan Province's territory and millions of compatriots, but also urgently withdrew the officers and men who were defending the soil. Qiu Fengjia joined forces with a group of patriots to launch an anti-Japanese war. After the Japanese invaders, Tang Jingsong, Liu Yongfu, Qiu Fengjia and Lin Chaodong were responsible for the defense of Taipei, Tainan and Taichung respectively. Because Tang usually indulged his men, his discipline was loose, and he didn't want to fight against the Japanese, he was defeated one after another. Soon Keelung fell, Tang fled Taipei in disguise, and Taipei was easily occupied by the Japanese. When the news came, Qiu Fengjia rushed to Taipei for reinforcements. On the way, he learned that Taipei had fallen and Tang had crossed the border, and he was extremely angry. The Japanese army invaded directly to Hsinchu along the railway. Qiu Fengjia led the rebel army to fight bloody battles with the Japanese invaders for more than 2 days and nights, and fought more than 2 battles, which dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese army. In the end, he retreated because of "all the ammunition and heavy casualties."
in the autumn of 1895, after failing, he left Taiwan to cross the border and settled in Zhenping. He went to Chilai, Shantou and Guangzhou, and once went to Hong Kong, Macao and Nanyang, where he met with Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao. Later, following the trend of the times, he gradually turned to revolution from supporting the reform and protecting the emperor, covered the anti-Qing activities of the members of the alliance, and devoted himself to setting up schools, promoting new learning and cultivating talents. He has served as the inspector of Guangdong and Guangxi Academic Affairs Office, the president of Guangdong Education Association, and the deputy speaker of Guangdong Consultation Bureau. Founded in the Republic of China, he went to Nanjing as a representative of Guangdong to participate in the preparation of temporary * * *, and was elected as a member of the Senate. At the beginning of 1912, he returned to the south for illness and died immediately. On his deathbed, he told his family: "The burial must go south, and I won't forget Taiwan Province!" Poetry Achievement Qiu Fengjia wrote more than 5, poems in his life, and there are still more than 3, poems handed down from generation to generation, among which "Huaitai Poetry" accounts for a considerable proportion. His poems are full of emotion and profound feelings, and there is nothing wrong with them, so they can be copied and widely read. Even today, more than 1 years later, people can still inspire patriotic enthusiasm by reading his poems. Of course, in addition to true feelings, the poetic skills of "Le Ning gifted scholar" are also quite superb. Jiang Quan's Biography of Qiu Cang Hai once summarized this: "Canghai and Neidu ... focus on poetry every day, but the thoughts of the motherland and the boredom of Yu Yi are all entrusted to poetry. Poetry is based on its past strengths. After decades of ups and downs in personnel, sophistication, home country and vicissitudes, it is enough to exercise and sharpen it. His poems are desolate and generous, and have the voice of "Yu Yang Shen Lao". It is also like flying away from the sky, and it is absolutely unrestrained. On weekdays, the spirit of defending the country is on the paper. " Liang Qichao's Poems in Drinking Ice Room also spoke highly of this bold, exciting and shocking poetic style, and called Qiu Fengjia "a giant of the poetic revolution". Introduction
Qiu Fengjia (1864-1912), also known as Cang Hai, the word Xian Gen,No. Zhong Kui, was born in Causeway Bay, Miaoli County, Taiwan, and his ancestral home was Zhenping, Jiaying Prefecture, eastern Guangdong Province (now Jiaoling County, Meizhou). He was a scholar in the 15th year of Guangxu (1889), a famous poet and patriot in the late Qing Dynasty, and also an outstanding one. Although Qiu Fengjia didn't teach in Chaoshan area for a long time, he abandoned the old-style teachers who taught current affairs, strategics, poetry and ancient prose, abandoned the stereotyped essay, and founded a new school unique in Chaozhou counties in eastern Guangdong at that time, which pioneered the modern new learning in Chaoshan.
Qiu Fengjia, a Hakka from Miaoli, Taiwan, was born in Zhenping, Jiaying Prefecture, eastern Guangdong (now Jiaoling County, Meizhou). After the Sino-Japanese War of 1895 (April 17, 1895), Li Hongzhang signed with Japan < Treaty of shimonoseki > Taiwan Province was ceded, and the people of Taiwan Province were furious. Qiu Fengjia insisted on opposing and organizing the rebels to resist the Japanese army. On May 23 of the same year, Tang Jingsong issued a declaration, declaring that "Taiwan Province compatriots will never accept the Japanese, and would rather die than their enemies". Qiu Fengjia was the commander of the Volunteers. The next day, Lin Weiyuan, the speaker of the National Assembly, fled to Xiamen, Fujian Province. On May 29th, the Taiwan Province War broke out, and on June 4th, President Tang Jingsong resigned and fled to Xiamen, Fujian Province, where the regular troops guarding northern were defeated. Later, Qiu Fengjia saw that the situation could not be done, and took his family to Jiaying Prefecture, Guangdong Province. Later, although the famous Black Flag Army led by Liu Yongfu and many civilian volunteers led by Wu Tangxing, Jiang Shaozu and Xu Xiang rose up against Japan, their equipment and training were far inferior to those of Japan, and they were finally attacked by the Japanese in Tainan, the base camp, on October 21st, and Taiwan Province fell.
Qiu Fengjia first set up education in his hometown, Chaozhou, Shantou and other places, advocated new learning, and supported the reform and reform of Kangliang. In 193, Xingmin School, founded by He Ziyuan, the founder of modern education in China, a veteran of the Revolution of 1911, was hired as the first principal. Later, he took advantage of his position as the president of Guangdong Education Association and the deputy speaker of Guangdong Consultation Bureau to devote himself to Sun Yat-sen's democratic revolution, and participated in planning revolutionary activities such as Chaozhou Huanggang Uprising together with He Ziyuan, the main ally of Jiaying Prefecture.
Evaluation
Positive evaluation
Qiu Fengjia's youth was successful, but he abandoned his official position and returned to Taiwan to engage in educational work; Before cutting the stage, he advocated independence against Japan; After crossing the mainland, he devoted himself to promoting new education and cultivating vitality for the country. Throughout his life, he always had high expectations for the country and strong patriotic sentiments.
Qiu Fengjia's poems have been highly praised by many scholars: Qian Zhonglian once commented on his Poems on the Rilou in the Sea of Clouds in the Ridge, saying, "There are seven kinds of laws, and the bow is full and the iron flute is cracked, which really becomes a poem of an old rebel general." Liu Yazi said, "Time has unexpectedly said that Huang Gongdu, the heroic spirit eventually lost to Cang Haijun, the blood platform was not dead, and the cold was still in the sea." Liang Qichao is known as "a revolutionary giant in the poetic world" and "a healthy person in the world". Qiu Fengjia's poems are hard to see the mountains in spring, and the past is thrilling and tearful. Four million compatriots in Taiwan burst into tears. last year, today, the day of the cession of the motherland! -Qing Dynasty Qiu Fengjia's "Spring Sorrow"
Spring Sorrow
Qing Dynasty: Qiu Fengjia wrote 3 ancient poems. In the spring, the patriotic and sentimental city was full of spring smoke, and Bao Yue was separated from the sea and the sky. See the ao ao lanterns, cause the immortal tears, the overseas holy mountain has been drowned three years! Three years later, the sky can not see the moonlight, the beautiful moon is probably in Taiwan's hometown. Think of the sky beyond the sky to look for the moon, dream in the middle of the night, swept across the ocean. -Qing Dynasty Qiu Fengjia's "There is no moon on a Yuan Xi"
There is no moon on a Yuan Xi
Qing Dynasty: Qiu Fengjia
The city is full of spring smoke, and Bao Yue is separated from the sea and the sky.
It's been three years since I saw the tears of Six Aoxian! On the Lantern Festival, the west peak in the corner of the moon shines in the sunset, and the rain in Dongling is broken. Lin Feng wants the old persimmon to be ripe, and autumn is red in the depths of Wanshan. -Qiu Fengjia's "The Mountain Village Is the Eye" in Qing Dynasty
The Mountain Village is the Eye
See more poems of Qiu Fengjia in Qing Dynasty > >