Feng Yansi
The second speech
Ye Jiaying
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Next, another song, Magpie Treading on the Ground, is not found in other people's ci collections. This is definitely Feng's work:
Thousands of plum blossoms, you are affectionate, learning snow and turning with the wind. The strike broke up last night, and I woke up so worried. The spring mountain upstairs is cold on all sides, full of glory and shallow twilight. When the people on the railing disappeared at noon, they covered their tears and thought again.
I sometimes speak in detail, because the style of words is different from that of poems, because poems generally have titles, which are clearly explained and have a wide range of contents. There are many different themes and contents, but words are generally written with similar contents, and the differences between them are subtle and difficult to distinguish. Take this word for example. He said, "Plums are full of branches, and you are affectionate, learning from snow and turning with the wind." On the surface, it seems that these are all plain words, which are similar to other people's poems. The poem "Plums Fall in Thousand Pieces" is quite similar to Du Fu's "Two Poems of Qujiang", and "Learning Snow to Turn with the Wind" is also quite similar to Li Houzhu's "Plums Fall as Snow". The first sentence is a thousand pieces of flowers, and so is the second sentence. Let's look at the first sentence of this word, "Plum blossoms are numerous." "Plum Blossom" is a beautiful and noble flower. "Plum Blossom" refers to the withering and fluttering of flowers, but it doesn't just mean that plum blossoms are scattered on all branches. "Plum blossom" is a general writing style, and "numerous branches" is a deepening writing style, which means that many people are dying, so he added. Feng's poems are full of heavy and profound feelings. The words "wandering affectionate" and "affectionate" are well used, and the word "wandering affectionate" makes them better and better. These are the places where middle words wander and suppress. Plum blossoms are not willing to fall apart when they wither, but they are still so affectionate when they fly down. This is the expression of Feng's character. His "wine that often gets sick before flowers bloom every day" is "not afraid to look thin in the mirror", and Zong Yirao said that "he gave all his arms to help the old minister", which he could not do. He would not give up his feelings if he fell apart, so we don't care what he wrote. It is not enough for thousands of pieces of fashion to be "sentimental". He said it was "giving charcoal in the snow, turning with the wind". Even at the moment it falls, it should show a graceful posture. Learning snowflakes flying lightly in the air, "learning snow to turn with the wind" is anthropomorphic. In fact, flowers have no feelings, no thoughts and no opinions. It doesn't matter whether they learn or not, they all say they have learned. However, learning plum blossom is a quasi-comparison, but it is still not the best part of the word. Its beauty lies in the emotion it conveys. Therefore, "falling plums like snow" is also a lot of falling plums, while Feng's "learning from snow and turning with the wind" concretely shows the beautiful gesture of facing the ruthless autumn contained in the word "wandering affectionate". These three sentences are all written by plum blossom. None of them are about personnel, but they convey people's feelings. Later, they wrote about personnel. It's "last night, it was easy to break up." Is it far from the strike? Whether it is ten years or twenty years, it is not. Su Shi has a mourning poem: "Ten years of life and death are two boundless", because it is the isolation of life and death for ten years, which lasted for ten years. Now Feng is not writing about ten years, but the strike last night, just like ten years after one night. As long as an event has passed, it will never come back, and impermanence is short-lived. Even the strike last night is gone forever. This is a terrible and irreversible thing. Feng used such ordinary words to express his sorrow and regret for his disappearance. Yan Xiaoshan said two words: "Spring dreams and autumn clouds are easy to gather and disperse." The beautiful past of life, like a dream in spring and a cloud in the autumn sky, disappears in a hurry. So, Feng went on to write "The wine wakes up and adds infinite sorrow". After waking up today, he added a lot of worries, because yesterday's blow was completely gone. Yan Xiaoshan's words: "The balcony is locked high after waking up, and the curtains are low after waking up", which means that there is nothing after waking up. However, Yan Xiaoshan's first poem is slightly different from Feng's. Yan Xiaoshan wrote well in the first half, and the second half refers to this melancholy feeling. The past disappeared, and when I woke up, only the locked balcony and low curtains were left. What is the past in his dream? He said: "I remember the first time Xiaoping met her. Her two focuses were Luo Yi and the pipa string said acacia. At that time, the bright moon was like a colorful cloud. " The writing is beautiful, but it falls into nostalgia for a realistic image. Feng's ci is different from Yan Xiaoshan's, and Wei Duanji's ci is different, because he doesn't describe it like this. Moreover, these two sentences are combined with the previous "Plum blossoms are full of branches, you are affectionate, learn from the snow and turn with the wind", and the flowers are easy to fall and the music is easy to break, which has a touching effect and becomes the basic gesture of feelings, because he said "Plum blossoms are full of branches." "Last night's blow was easy to disperse, and I woke up with endless worries" raised this persistent and lingering attitude to a higher level, which made the realistic personnel of "last night's blow" and the image of "plum blossom falling" have concrete significance. Beautiful things are so heartless and short-lived, not only referring to last night's blow and plum blossom falling, but also having deeper and wider significance. Poets and poets themselves may not have such consciousness, but this is the subtlety of poetry. Writing poems and lyrics is something they can't advocate. Feng's ability to write such profound words is also the result of the comprehensive effect of his own personality and life experience and various historical and environmental factors in the Southern Tang Dynasty. As far as Feng himself is concerned, his life experience is a very painful and unfortunate thing, but many good things are accomplished in misfortune and pain, as long as. What I want to explain is that Feng has deepened his understanding of life and his works from suffering and misfortune. At the beginning of the second half of the year, "the spring mountain upstairs is cold on all sides and the scenery is smoky." When I was talking about "Green Lake Willow" in the last song "Magpie Walking on the Moon", didn't I say that his scenery was both interesting and interesting? I also quoted a poem "All scenery is love" criticized by Tao Yuanming, which shows that anyone with keen heart and deep feelings must have a deep and distant feeling for natural scenery, such as Feng's "Cold Spring Mountain Upstairs". The first is Upstairs, the second is Spring Mountain, and the third is Cold. It is not only cold, but also cold from all directions, and every word is playing a role. Upstairs is an extraordinary place. Wang Guowei talked about it, and the first realm he asked was "Last night, there was a tree in the west wind bureau, standing alone in a tall building, looking at the horizon." The ancients used to say, "Climb one foot, by going up one flight of stairs". If you climb high and look far, your heart will be more profound. What he saw upstairs was "the spring mountain is cold on all sides", and the upstairs is already too high to be cold, not to mention the chilly spring. The surrounding Spring Mountain exudes a daunting chill. Standing upstairs and staring for a long time, people around it are cold Spring Mountain, so the author's body and mind are all surrounded by loneliness and cold. There is a saying in Nineteen Ancient Poems: "The eastern city is high and long, and it belongs to itself". Nineteen Ancient Poems Each capital has profound feelings and rich meanings. Why did the poet write this tall, long and continuous wall? Because he was moved by this feeling of separation and isolation. Poets write like this, although they have no clear and rational understanding of why they write like this, but they are sensitive to feelings. Feng wrote: "The wind wrinkled a pool of spring water." Li Jing, a master of the Southern Tang Dynasty, once asked him, "Why do you want to wrinkle a pool of spring water?" Subtly, these poets and poets wrote down these short-lived feelings, which also touched readers thousands of years later. This is the beauty of China's poems. Ouyang Xiu wrote a poem: "Spring Mountain is near Pingwu, and pedestrians are even outside." He said that I saw the spring mountain at the end of the plain grass, and the pedestrians who missed it were far away from it. The reason why China's poets and poets developed such keen feelings, and the reason why those poems and songs of the ancients can capture the most subtle feelings of the predecessors is because they have familiar feelings and associations with each other. It is precisely because of this association that Feng wrote "Spring Mountain Upstairs", and it is precisely because he was blocked by Spring Mountain when he stared upstairs. Gaze is the first feeling, and the barrier of spring mountain is the second feeling. Only when he overlooks can he be separated from Chunshan. Feng said that "the spring mountain upstairs is cold on all sides" is not accidental, but his consistent attitude towards life. In the last sentence, he wrote the sentence "Independent small bridge is full of sleeves", which is also lonely to resist the cold wind blowing from all directions. Moreover, in the cold, Feng never escaped, so he wrote: "Ambition is too great, twilight clouds are deep", which shows that he has been staring at tall buildings for a long time. When we were talking about diction, Zheng Hong said that "Ruyan Liu is on the river, and the geese fly over the waning moon", and also quoted Li Qingzhao's "When the geese return, the moon is full of the West Tower". Hongyan flies in the shape of a human figure, which can deliver books, representing all kinds of feelings missed by Acacia, and the word "Zheng" gives people the feeling of lingering for a long time. The poet looked forward hopefully for a long time. All Zheng Hong flew by, but none stayed. At this time, the feeling that Feng wanted to convey, and Wen Feiqing wrote "It's nothing to live in", and the sadness in his heart can be imagined. Now pay attention to the level of this word. When he said, "There are countless plum blossoms, you love me, and the snow turns with the wind", when he wrote the scenery so clearly, it should be daytime. The phrase "last night, a blow was easy to disperse, and I was drunk." It's not too late from last night's blow to today's wake-up, but when he said, "It's over, the twilight is boundless and the smoke is filled", it was already. At dusk, "the twilight is boundless, coming from afar", and Li Bai's fine print reads: "When the color enters a tall building, someone upstairs is worried." Twilight enveloped, foggy everywhere, and everything was blurred. The word "deep smoke" describes the scene of dusk, describing the distant, shallow and hazy picture, thus producing an indescribable sense of intoxication. As for the source of this emotion that can make the poet stare at the upstairs for a long time, it is the last sentence, "People don't see at noon, hide their faces and cry, and think about it all over again." According to Zhang Xiang's poems and songs, the word "one day" is interpreted as "a word indicating time, which means long time and temporary". In Qin Shaoyou's Flowers on the Road, "I don't know if I'm safe, but I haven't heard from you for a long time" means "long time", while Feng's "leaning against the fence for a day" means "a moment". I don't agree with his explanation of "one day" in Feng's poems. If it means "short", Yan Shu's "limited light in a day" means that life is short and limited, and this "day" may mean short. Li Houzhu's "greed for a day" should also be short-lived. However, Feng's meaning of "you can't see people by the railing for a day" is by no means a flash in the pan. How long does it take, how long does it take to stare, how long does it take to stand, and how can it mean "suddenly"? Therefore, I don't agree with Zhang Xiang's interpretation of Feng's "One Day Leaning on the Bar" as "one day". This is not that I have to say this, but that Feng's words have been expressed for so long that they cannot be erased. I've been waiting for a long time, but I haven't seen the person I miss, but Feng's writing is not a real person. Although there is a word "person" here, who is this person he is talking about? The characters in Wei Zhuang's ci can make us guess the beauty of the concubines in A Farewell to the Red Chamber or Wang's entering the palace. Feng's beauty lies in that although he is talking about "people", he may still not be a real person, but an eternal love affair in his heart. What did he miss? In the past, some people criticized the poem "There are tall buildings in the northwest" in Nineteen Ancient Poems, saying that the emotion conveyed by this poem is "Send love in the air and know who to go to". He had a feeling that he hoped this feeling would have a bet and gain, but it didn't. He is always controlled by a feeling of melancholy. Didn't he say, "Every spring comes, he is still disappointed." We don't need to know whether the person he wants really exists between the universe and heaven. In a word, he has a feeling of longing and disappointment, which is why he has been looking for a long time in the cold and distant desert of Chunshan. The last sentence "Cuckoo hides tears and thinks all over", "Cuckoo" is the thinnest, softest and most transparent variety of silk fabrics. It is said that there is a kind of Jiao Ren in the sea, half like a fish and half like a human, which can weave five-color silk fabrics for the cuckoo. Wu Wenying has a saying: "When the sea smoke sinks, the sunset glow falls and tears are woven." Ancient poets in China talked about "sorrow" with a kind of * * *. Let's start with textiles. Women's textiles represent a very delicate and heavy feeling, so Jiao Ren's textiles themselves contain affectionate meanings. Poets have so many backgrounds and associations when they write. Only now can we appreciate the profound feelings conveyed by Feng's "Sore Covers Tears", because the word "Sore" contains so many love legends, and he wipes his tears with a woven scarf that will cry into beads. Why did he use "hide tears" instead of "wipe tears"? The words "wipe" and "wipe" are both flat and parallel, and flat and parallel does not violate the rules of using words, because the word "wipe" is written more firmly, and when it is done, it is finished, while the word "wipe" is a slow, affectionate, gentle and lasting gesture of women. Although the person I expected never appeared, my thoughts are endless, which just reflects the essence of Feng's sentimental characteristics. We don't need to attach it to the politics of Southern Tang Dynasty, let alone any practical skills. This can only show that the author has an emotional essence, and Feng has this essence.