Entering the capital
Li Hongzhang in the Qing Dynasty
One of her husbands only held Wu Gou, and his spirit was higher than a hundred feet. Who has written history for 1 thousand years, and wants to seal Hou 3 thousand miles away
I'm sure I'll follow the footsteps. There are gulls in leisure. Laughing at the moon by Lugou Bridge, how many people have come to Yingzhou since then?
Secondly,
I have been trapped in the world of mortals for many years, and I regret my glory for twenty years; The horse's foot leaves the group to rest in love, and Yan Ci's old base is even more new.
Make friends with famous people at home and visit people in Jingshi. That is, this can seek the benefits of words, and Hu is a depressed old man!
Third,
The Yellow River is too powerful to reach the sky, and there is a little smoke in the middle. This place is as eye-opening as possible, and it is not a good mountain to travel far.
Lu Ji became famous when he entered Luo, and Su Shi was determined to travel. Thank you so much for being poor, and I have been sitting on my legacy for the rest of my life
Fourth
Looking back, the past turns into dust. I am from east, west, north and south; I dreamed three times under the white sky, and the blue was reduced to ten years.
If a poor man has a life, he doesn't need a fortune. When will wealth help the poor? It has been a long time since the competition for fame, and it is still an old Confucian towel.
Fifth,
I'm as cramped as a louse, thinking of riding the spring waves to Longmen; Many of my peers pity Kodi, and they have paid for the water over the years.
fame and fortune add blood, and you have known it for a long time. Touch the chicken night with a strong bosom and remember the autumn wind to wipe the tears.
The sixth
The white clouds are horizontal on the Sanggan River, but the parents' hostel in Hebei is flat; Looking back on the past, I studied hard in class, but I have not yet become famous.
for six years, the official sea held a clean festival, and letters from thousands of miles promoted a long journey; Until the spring flowers come out in the morning, the blackbirds on earth comfort the affair.
The seventh
A pillow in Handan wakes up late, although Peng Ying is far from thinking; When will you enter Fengchi after you reach the top of Aoding Mountain?
poetry and wine have not been learned by celebrities, and officials must be called teenagers; Biji Jinma is always looking for something common, and he always wants to be lucky.
Eight
A shoulder full of luggage is full of songs, and the poems and books are ecstatic; Sail shadow wave marks Huai Pu Yue, horseshoe color thistle door cream.
Wang Xiangjian was given by my old friend * * *, and Jing and his daughter were dressed in Lu Jia's costume; It's not easy to be ashamed of living in Chang 'an, but it's tiring to teach your forefinger.
The ninth
Acura is slowly leaving the feast and saying goodbye to relatives and friends; I went here to teach you how to grind iron and ink stones, and then I hope to insert golden lotus.
that is, today's pavilion needs talent, which is the year when my article serves the country; Looking at the mirror has not changed, and you should not have a long history.
the tenth
as soon as you enter the Doumen, you will get home, and you will be recruited to go north and the sun will set west; Huaiting went to the Ming classics, and Guiyuan was still empty and flowery.
The world's enemies accept the dagger, and the human feelings are warm and cold. If there is no tomorrow, I will never return to my hometown.
Creative background
In the 23rd year of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty (1843), Li Hongzhang was 21 years old. He was elected to Yougong in that year and entered Beijing from his hometown of Anhui at the behest of his father Li Wenan, in order to take the provincial examination in Shuntian the following year. When Li Hongzhang entered Beijing, he wrote ten poems entitled Entering the Capital.
Appreciate
the first
hook, the weapon is curved like a sword. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Wu people were good at casting hooks, so they were named "Wu". The ancients praised the battlefield for meritorious service, and every time they said this thing. Li Gong is a scholar, and those who want to make achievements in the battlefield cover up the compensation for the land cut in the Opium War, which is a disgrace to the country and has a sense of stagnation. After Li Gong became an official, he built a navy, promoted Westernization, and sought investment. Most of his life's work was to "take Wu Gou" and mediate with outsiders. Moreover, "Wu Gou", who is sharp in weapons, can also be said to be very talented. The "1-foot building" uses the Three Kingdoms Chen Dengshi. Xu Li tried to meet Chen Deng, but Chen Deng didn't speak to each other. He "went to bed" and asked Xu Li to "get out of bed". Liu Bei said that Xu Bi: "Today, the world is in chaos, and the emperor has lost his place ..... and you ask for fields and homes, which is taboo by Yuan Long." He also said that Chen Dengdang "lies a hundred feet upstairs and lies on the ground, so why is it evil between getting on and off the bed?" Li Gong cited this matter, saying that he was seeking an official position, not for himself. "Spirit is higher than a hundred feet", which means that his ambition of running the country is better than Chen Deng's. The sentence "Who has written history in the past 1, years" answers with questions, which means that you can "write history", and the history written is not a hundred years or a thousand years, but NINEONE is famous! "Three thousand miles away to seal Hou" refers to one's own achievements, aiming at surrendering foreigners who are three thousand miles away. "Follow the road" means following Ban Junyi, one of the provincial examinations, and "be sure to be quick" means that you must be on the board first. Leisure chasing gulls, using Liezi Huangdi to play with gulls. It is said that you should strive hard and have no intention of leisure, and you must not learn from the people at sea. "Lugou Bridge" is in the southwest of Kyoto, which is also the main road of Kyoto. The so-called "Lugou Bridge Road" refers to the way for Li Gong to enter the capital. Yingzhou, the legendary fairy mountain. According to The Biography of Chu Liang in the New Tang Dynasty, in order to recruit talents, Emperor Taizong set up a literary museum and appointed 18 civil servants, including Fang Xuanling, as the bachelor's degree in the museum. Every spare day, the emperor enters the museum to visit Israeli government affairs and discuss classics; He was also ordered to paint and praise the bachelor's portrait, and the title was in Jueli, which was admired by people at that time, and he was called "Deng Yingzhou" when he entered the literature museum. The phrase "someone" is actually a statement of oneself, which means that one's entry will surely win the honor of being admired by scholars.
In addition to self-confidence, this poem is full of heroism, which means that the duke of the world is the only one, and the history of the late Qing Dynasty is the only one. Of the ten poems, this one is the most praised by the world. The first two couplets talk about the poet's life. Running the pivot of the late Qing dynasty, blending the communication between Europe and America, and doing Li Gong's "one hand". The tail couplet is the eye of poetry, which makes it a poet's charm and has a long meaning. The word "laughing finger" contains but does not show; "A few people" at such a time, confident and unassuming.
the second song
",manger also. "The Biography of Han Li Xun": "The horse does not lie down. Can't follow the path; Scholars are not literate and cannot be heavy on the country. " The sentence says that I have been at home for many years, and I have been educated and supported. "The world of mortals" is what Taoism calls the world. Those who "go to the world of mortals" say that it is time to go to society today. "Pony light" refers to the short time of the world, and the book "Zhuangzi Zhibei Tour" reads: "If the life is between heaven and earth, it will be too long." In other words, in the past 2 years, I have been lazy from time to time, and I regret it here. "Horses leave the group to leave the love stack, and Yan Ci's old base is more innovative", which means "leaving the group" and "exploring the new". Since we can't be attached to our hometown, we should join the WTO.
after the next two connections, you should make friends with handsome men and look up to people with good ideas, so as to gain your basic skills. "Hu Wei" is a cloud, and the meaning of the sentence seems to be asking, but it is particularly strong in denial, saying that he will never be depressed and tied up, and he will waste his life.
the purpose of this poem is to enter the capital, to get out of the group and to create something new; The first thing to enter the capital is to make a settlement and seek benefits.
The third song
On the way to the capital, you must cross the Yellow River and climb Mount Tai, which is connected with the sky, overlooking the middle earth and broadening your horizons. It's half the reason to say that you have left your hometown and traveled far away. At the end of Taikang, Lu Ji and his younger brother Lu Yun entered Luo from Wu Jun, creating a common Zhang Hua, who was surprised at first sight, and then became a reputation-extending, recommended public, famous in Beijing, and full of voices. In Song Dynasty, Su Zhe and his brother Su Shi Jiayou went to Beijing from Sichuan in the first year, and they were both scholars in the following year, and Jiayou worked in the same department for six years. There is still the Book of Han Taiwei, a member of the Shang Shu Mi, after the scholars in Zhezhong. I want to pay homage to Taiwei in order to raise integrity. "Entering Luo" and "coming to visit" are all in the capital, and poetry leads to this, which means that you should also be like yourself. "Thank you" is also a warm greeting. "Uh-huh", the sound of reading is also. The meaning of the sentence seems to be sympathy for those who are poor in classics and unknown in the world, but in fact it means that they will never leave this road again.
This poem starts with a panoramic view of the beautiful mountains and rivers on the way to the capital, and is followed by Lu Ji and Su Zhe's self-encouragement. I am confident that all of them will fade and flourish.
The fourth song
"The past turns to dust" means that the past is like smoke; "East, West, North and South" says that you should make the world your home. "The Book of Rites on the Tan Bow" contains the words of Confucius: "Today's hills are also people from east, west, north and south." Li Gong said that he should do the same for himself. He was born for the whole life, for the country, and died for the nation and society. He was not himself, but a person of the whole life, the country, the nation and the society. Baixia, Nanjing is another name. The blue shirt is served by the students. I feel lost in the past, but I didn't reach it for a long time. At the age of 18, I was a scholar in Chinese style. This is a pity for Li Gong.
"Poor people have a life", which is Confucianism. Li Gong is convinced that there is no need for divination; As for when wealth can help the poor, this is a matter of days. For a long time, he has competed for the fame of scholars, but he is still an old Confucian towel, which means that he is still the same.
although this poem regrets the past, it is full of generosity, but self-confidence is destiny.
The fifth song
"The lice are caught in a trap" uses Ruan Ji's Biography of Mr. Adult: "My husband's lice are caught in a trap, escaping from deep seams and hiding from bad flocks, thinking that he is lucky. Do not dare to leave the seam, do not dare to move out of the crotch, and think that you will get rope ink. ""However, if the fire is burning, Jiaoyi will destroy the capital, and the lice will die in the crotch and cannot get out. " In your gentleman's area, there is nothing wrong with your husband's lice! " This sentence inherits the poem, saying that the past has been to the world, such as lice, and poverty is life. "Dragon Gate" and "Gathering of Arts and Literature" quoted Xin's "San Qin Ji" as saying that the fish jumps over the dragon gate, and "the one above is the dragon". Later, the Chinese style will be tested in the imperial examination as the dragon gate. The sentence means that I want to take the next year's Shuntian township test and jump out of the suit of the scholar. "Many peers admire Kedi, and they have been chasing water sources after the Chinese New Year." The cloud says that many peers show off with the imperial examination, but they have passed their youth and started chasing water sources in order to make a leap.
This leap is due to "fame", which frequently adds to Li Gongzhi's enthusiasm. "I know that I have a special grace in my half life" is like saying that I have tasted the grace in my past. If "half life" is interpreted as the second half life, then this sentence is also confident, saying that the second half life will be known to the emperor. Li Gong fell behind others at this time. Why did he have such a confident language, and did he tell you? "Touch", feeling also. "Smell the chicken" with Zu Ti. According to Biography of Zu Ti in the Book of Jin, Zu Ti and Liu Kunshan were sleeping together. "When I heard the cock crow in the middle of the night, I realized,' This is not a bad sound.' For dancing. "The sentence means that the heart is ambitious, and every time I feel something, I try my best. Those who "remember the autumn wind to wipe the tears" say that they had the pain of failing in the autumn test in the past.
this poem is about the pursuit of fame and fortune, and the purpose of entering the capital is to pass the rural examination and reach the goal of Longmen.
The sixth song
Sanggan River, the name of water outside Kyoto. "Baiyun", with Di Renjie. "Biography of Di Renjie in the Old Tang Dynasty" contains: Dideng Taihang, "When I saw the white clouds flying alone in the south, I said,' My relatives live under this cloud.' Looking forward to standing for a long time, the clouds move. "When Li Gongfu in Kyoto, as a doctor punishments, registered suggestion. The sentence says that parents live in the suburbs of Beijing, and those who can do what they can only wish them peace. Li Gong's father took the course library as his profession before he entered the imperial examination. Li Gong entered the Dihua Bookstore at the age of six and received his father's instruction. Therefore, the poem has the phrase "looking back on the past and studying diligently". "Cheating has not yet become famous" means that you have a negative father's education and have not yet become famous.
Li Gongfu was a scholar in the 18th year of Daoguang, that is, in the middle of 1838 in Gregorian calendar, and he became an official career. He has been faithful to chastity for six years. "Six-year official career" at such a time, that's all. "A thousand miles of letters from home promote a long journey" means that it is my father's letter to go to Beijing. "Blooming in Spring" refers to the Chinese style of imperial examination; "Wu bird affair", in Shi Biao's Chen Qingbiao. It is said that when Shuntian township tries Chinese style, it will be able to comfort parents and repay their parents for their kindness in nurturing them.
this poem praises the kindness of parents' upbringing, and self-confidence will live up to expectations.
The seventh
"Dream of Handan" is a classic of Shen Jiji's novel "A Story in the Pillow" in the Tang Dynasty. On the way to Handan, Lu Sheng met Lu Weng, a Taoist priest, and put the pillow given by Lu Weng into the pillow. He was rich and prosperous, and he knew his dream after waking up. The so-called "waking up late" in the poem often means not waking up, and the words are still in the name of making achievements; However, the world is like a dream, and Li Gong is an active participant in the WTO. Therefore, what Li Gong said about "waking up late" should not be interpreted as something else, which means enjoying prosperity for a long time. "Pengying", Penglai and Yingzhou, the legendary fairy mountain, is a special privilege. "Thinking about others" means caring about your own thoughts. "Climbing to the top" can be interpreted as taking the lead, winning the top prize, or taking the lead and joining the Hanlin Academy. When you cover the imperial examination, you won the top prize, and then you stood on the stone steps engraved with the giant aojiang to meet the palace examination list; The bachelor's degree in the Hanlin Academy stood on the stone steps engraved with the giant aojiang and appeared before the emperor. "Phoenix Pool" is the Phoenix Pool, which is not only used as the reputation of a province in Chinese books, but also as a metaphor for the post of prime minister. If you have entered the WTO, you should aspire to fame, win the top prize and join the Hanlin Academy. Even if you enter the Chinese book, you will be confident that it will have its own day.
The custom of the famous people who are fond of poetry and addicted to alcohol has not changed, so Yu Xiangrui is used. "The Biography of Wang Bao in Han Dynasty" contains the news that "Yizhou has the treasures of golden horse and blue chicken, which can be sacrificed to you, and Xuan Di makes praise to you." There is a saying that life is blessed, auspicious and auspicious, and so is Li Gongyi.
this poem expresses ambition, and self-confidence will help you, and your career will soar.
The eighth
"Song of the Capsule", which is also a poem capsule, uses Tang Lihe to congratulate things. Li Shangyin's "Biography of Li Changji" congratulated him on going out. "Heng Xi slaves from childhood, riding a donkey, carrying an ancient broken kit, and if he has any income, he will throw the book into the bag." When I enter the capital, I have a knack for carrying luggage and holding poetry manuscripts. I have to check the books I need to bring, and I am not ecstatic about going to Beijing. The journey is day and night. I take a boat on the Huaihe River on a moonlit night and ride a horse on the thistle hill outside Deshengmen in Beijing on a frosty morning. For my trip, my old friend gave me a gift, and my wife treated me. Those who are ashamed of it, Kyoto is expensive, and their livelihood still depends on their parents. "Chang 'an residence is not easy" It is easy to use Tang Baiju. Xin Wenfang's Biography of Bai Juyi said that Bai Juyi visited China and visited Gu Kuang. Gu said, "Everything in Chang 'an is expensive, but it is not easy to live in a big place." "forefinger" means living at home.
what this poem needs to describe is the flaw of the quotation of the neck couplet. "Pure benevolence and wheat" is a matter for Fan Chunren in Song Dynasty. Fan was ordered by his father, Fan Zhongyan, to transport wheat from Suzhou to Danyang by boat. In case of the funeral of his old friend, Shi Manqing, he helped his coffin to return home, and there was no money on the way, so he sent it by boat. A book of "pure benevolence and wheat" is called "Wang Xiangjian", and "Wang Xiangjian" is a matter of Jin Lv Qian. The Book of Jin&; S226； Wang Xiangchuan, etc., Lu Qian, the secretariat, has a sword, and he thinks that he will be appointed to the three fairs and can take this knife. Lu said, "If it's not the person, it's a knife or harm", and it's a gift for Wang Xiang. Wang Peizhi, the consequences are fair. Li Gong is difficult to choose in this two codes, so there are different texts. The wheat and sword mentioned in these two things are not unreasonable, but the pure kernel wheat is given to the bereaved, and Li Gong went to Beijing to catch the exam and meet his parents. Can Hu give and receive this unlucky thing? Wang Xiangjian's "* * * gift" is also very different.
"Jing Fu" is also a modest name for one's wife. "Lu Jia Zhuang" uses Han Lu Jia things. Historical Records &; S226； According to the biography of Lu Jia, Lu Jia was ill and stayed at home, so he sold the money he earned to divide his sons, thinking that his descendants would make a living. The meaning of the sentence wants to borrow to refer to the property that parents have given them a room, which obviously has a big problem: Li Gong's father was not sick when he was away. Besides, Lu Jia's home is to avoid Zhu Lu, and this involves state affairs, so why not be a big taboo?
this poem says that you should pack your bags and send them to your relatives and friends. You still need your parents' support to make a living in the capital.
the ninth
"Pian Song", a farewell song. The Book of Songs has an escape poem "Li Ju", which was given for farewell and thought as a canon. Those who are "slow" are reluctant. Saying goodbye to relatives and friends is hard to part with. "Grinding iron and inkstone", using the five generations of Sang Weihan. According to the book History of the New Five Dynasties, it was said that the director hated the homonym of "mulberry" and "mourning" and advised mulberry not to be a scholar. Sang Nai showed people with his cast iron inkstone, saying that "if the inkstone is bad, it will be changed to official." A pawn is a scholar and. "Withdrawing the Golden Lotus" was done by Tang Linghu and Song Sushi. According to the biography of the two men, both Mao and Shi tasted the ban at night, and the Tang emperor tasted the golden lotus torch to send him back; Song emperor tasted "the golden lotus candle before the imperial palace was sent back to the hospital." Say that you have entered the capital, set up the ambition of Sang Weihan, and swear to take Jinshi; When you return to your hometown, you can get the emperor to send you a golden lotus torch and a golden lotus candle. Pavilion, the name of the Imperial Academy. Now there are few people here, which is the time when my article can serve the country. "Lan", pinch hold also; "Cang Cang", deep black; "Wandering", sleepy also. It is said that fashion is young, and it will not last long.
this poem says goodbye, states wishes, vows, and is confident.