The wilderness is boundless, the sky is darker than trees, the river is clear, and the moonlight is close to people.
The vastness of the wilderness is deeper than trees, and the moon is very close to the moon.
How vast the world is, how close the trees are to heaven and how close the moon is to the water! From Meng Haoran's Sleeping at Jiande in the Tang Dynasty.
Stop the boat in a foggy small state, when new worries come to the guest's heart.
The vastness of the wilderness is deeper than trees, and the moon is very close to the moon.
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Anchoring the boat beside the smoky sandbar, new worries came to mind at dusk.
Yuan Ye is vast, and the distant sky is lower than the nearby Woods; The river is clear and the bright moon seems to be more intimate with people.
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This is a poem describing the twilight in Qiu Jiang, and it is a famous landscape poem among the Five Wonders in the Tang Dynasty. The author docked at the misty river and remembered the past, so he took boating and staying at dusk as his destination, expressed his feelings and wrote the author's thoughts on the journey.
In the first sentence, "moving the boat" means moving the boat closer to the shore; "Berth" means to stop the ship for the night. The ship docked at the edge of a misty continent in the middle of the river. On the one hand, it is a point, on the other hand, it also prepares for the scenery and lyrics behind.
"As the day gets shorter, memories of the old days begin" and "sunset" are obviously related to "berth" and "smoke" in the previous sentence, because the ship needs to stop at sunset; It is also because of sunset and dusk that the water on the river appears foggy. At the same time, "sunset" is the cause of "new troubles", and "guest" refers to the poet himself. If we follow the format of the so-called inheritance and transformation in the old poem, it is rare for this second sentence to combine the two meanings in one sentence. Why does "Sunset" propose "New Worried Guests"? We can read a passage in the Book of Songs: "A gentleman is in service, I don't know when." Chickens live in the hustle and bustle, and at dusk, cattle and sheep come down and gentlemen serve. Why not think about it? "("Feng Wang Gentleman in Service ") It is written here that whenever the sun sets, chickens enter the cage and cattle and sheep return to the fence, she misses her husband serving abroad more. In this way, can't you understand the traveler's mood at this time? Originally, when the ship stopped, it should have a quiet rest for one night to eliminate the fatigue of the journey. Who knows that in the evening when birds return to the forest and cattle and sheep go down the mountain, the troubles of traveling suddenly arise.
Next, the poet wrote down the scenery in a dialogue, as if to melt a sad heart into the empty world. So Shen Deqian said, "In the second half, write about the scenery, and the guests worry about themselves." The third sentence says that at dusk, the sky is boundless and wild, and the distant sky looks lower than the nearby trees. "Low" and "open" are interdependent and set off each other. The fourth sentence says that night has come, and the bright moon hanging high in the sky is reflected on the clear river, so close to the people on board, and "near" and "clear" are interdependent and set off each other. "How wide the world is, how close the trees are to heaven, and how close the moon is to the water!" . This unique scenery can only be enjoyed by people on board. The second sentence of the poem points out that "the guest is worried about the new" These three or four sentences are like the poet's sorrow. In this vast and quiet universe, after some ups and downs, he finally found that there is another lonely moon so close to him at the moment! Lonely sadness seems to find comfort, and poetry comes to an abrupt end.
However, although the words are stopped, the meaning is still unfinished. "Thirty years of the emperor, two books sword. Mountains and rivers seek five mountains, and dust makes Luo Jing tired "("Crossing from the Falling Moon "). The poet once ran into Chang 'an with years of preparation and hope, but now he can only look for wuyue with a cavity of abandoned sorrow. At this moment, he, alone, can't help but feel the sadness of the journey, the yearning for his hometown, the frustration of his career, the disillusionment of his ideal, and the ups and downs of his life. "How close the moon looks in the water!" This painting shows the clear and calm river and the bright moon in the water accompanied by the poet on board; But behind that painting, the poet's sadness flowed into the churning ocean of thoughts with the river. "People have seven emotions and should feel things; Is it natural to feel things and sing? " (Liu Xie, Wen Xin Diao Long Ming Shi). It is in this "natural outflow" that Meng Haoran's short poems are integrated with scenes, thinking and environment, showing a natural charm, light interest and implicit artistic beauty.
This poem first writes about staying overnight, and then adds sorrow to the sunset; Then I wrote that the universe is vast and quiet, and the bright moon is closer to people. A hidden, a present, virtual and real alternate, two sets off, complement each other, forming a special artistic conception. Although there is only one sad word in the poem, it vividly describes the poet's inner sadness. However, the Qingjiang River is wild and autumn scenery is vivid.