Jihai Miscellaneous Poems is the reading list of ancient poems in Unit 2, Book 1 1 of Chinese Version S. This poem is a rare political poem in primary schools, which is different from the poems we usually teach, such as "expressing feelings by borrowing scenery" and "touching scenery". The poet used the method of "creating scenery to express emotions through the images created": "Kyushu is angry by the wind and thunder, and thousands of horses are sad to study. I advise the gods to regain their spirits and drop their talents in an eclectic way. The content of the poem ranges from "social situation in the late Qing Dynasty" to "complex feelings" and then to "eager desire", which is difficult for students to understand.
Learner analysis
Before learning this poem, students have learned five articles under the theme of "Love China" in this unit: founding ceremony, Looking at the Mainland, Sanguan, Sun and Soldiers, and through repeated reading, they feel the ardent patriotic feelings of the author of each article, so it is easier for students to grasp the feelings of this poem on the whole. However, this poem is a rare political poem in primary schools. In addition, the age of this poem is too far away from students, and students usually lack this accumulation. When teaching, teachers should first introduce the background of this poem and deepen students' understanding of the social environment in which this poem is located. Then organize students to grasp the image of poetry in repeated reading and silent reading, explore poetry through imaginary pictures, experience emotions and initially perceive the expressive characteristics of poetry.
Teaching objectives
1. Knowledge and ability
(1) Read aloud, recite and write Ji Hai's miscellaneous poems from memory.
(2) Contact the author's writing background, understand poetry and experience emotion.
(3) Preliminary perception of the performance characteristics of this poem.
2. Process and method
Read the poem well, grasp it as a whole, read and appreciate it, feel the emotion and expand it.
3. Emotional attitudes and values
Experience the poet's strong hope for social change and expect the patriotic feelings of talented people.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching
On the basis of reading aloud, understand poetry and experience emotion.
Arrange a class.
Teaching preparation PPT courseware
design concept
Fully study and master the teaching materials, grasp the important and difficult points of teaching, and implement the practical training of basic Chinese knowledge and basic ability and the reading requirements of senior primary school students in the teaching design. On the basis of students' self-study of since the enlightenment and independent thinking, I properly guide students to learn, learn learning methods and form learning ability. In this process, emotional experience is the inevitable catalyst and purpose.
teaching process
First, use blackboard writing to stimulate interest and create a learning atmosphere
1. Most of the poems we studied in the past were works in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Today, we are going to study a poem by Gong Zizhen in Qing Dynasty, which is only over one hundred years ago.
2. Writing on the blackboard: a poem written by Ji Hai (write "Ji" as "Ji")
3. Read the topic by name. Students find typos and correct them (please explain and summarize the difference between "Ji" and "Ji" and how to remember their glyphs. )
4. Read the topic and explain the poem.
Do you know the meaning of the poem after reading the topic? Who will say something? Before class, the students have understood the meaning of the word "self and sea" by looking up dictionaries and reference books. Student's self-report: The sky is the sixth and the sea is the twelfth, so the poem is entitled 1839. Then, the students learned that the poem was Gong Zizhen's resignation and going south through pre-class preparation and consulting materials, and recorded what they saw and thought along the way as a 3 15 diary poem. )
② At 1840, do you know what happened in China? (Students report according to the assembly before class: War. )
③ Summary: This year, just before the war, the once powerful Qing Empire was about to fall. The corrupt Qing government kowtowed to the outside world and suppressed it internally, which made the officials and people miserable. At this time, Gong Zizhen wrote down the poem we want to learn. This is the 220th poem. (PPT presentation)
5. Introduction of Gong Zizhen
Students report and show Gong Zizhen's materials that they consulted and collected before class in groups. Design Intention Although this poem is expressed too far away from students, it usually lacks such accumulation. However, in order not to underestimate students' potential, I still adopt the teaching method of collecting preview reports before class, supplemented by teachers, to cultivate students' ability of independent inquiry and independent thinking, and then cultivate students' careful habits, stimulate interest with typos, create a learning atmosphere and stimulate students to enter the text.
Second, read the whole poem first and grasp it as a whole.
Complete the "Autonomous Learning" section.
1, free reading poetry: ① Correct pronunciation, correct pause reading poetry.
2. See what you can see by self-study.
Summary: The students' self-study ability is really strong, and the self-study part is completed well and quickly.
The design intention includes reading poems, using notes and reference books, and self-study in the way I like ... From the beginning of enlightenment to the sixth grade students, the time and space for self-study is to communicate and report later.
Completion: "Teacher-student reading section"
1. Read by roll, read together and practice reading. (Correct pronunciation and pause)
2. Teachers are fond of reading.
The students are so devoted to reading that I am also infected by your recitation. I want to see it, too.
Students read the whole poem with music.
The design intention is to let students read the content since the enlightenment first, and give students time and situation to interpret their personality. On the basis of students' addiction to reading, I seek opportunities to show my reading with envious eyes, so that students can stimulate their desire to read more in listening and comparing.
Understand the meaning of the poem with the help of reference books, and report and communicate.
Students can communicate freely in groups to solve the following problems:
(1) Kyushu storm anger:
Does "angry" really mean that China "lost his temper"? The expression "dynamic situation or scene" here is more in line with the language environment of Kyushu mentioned above.
(2) The silence of ten thousand horses is sad, after all, it makes people feel sad.
(3) I advise God to stand up again and drop talents in an eclectic way: "stand up again" and cheer up again.
What does "not stick to one pattern" mean? Was there a "grid" in that era? The rigid, single and outdated stereotyped imperial examination system in the Qing Dynasty used the "Four Books and Five Classics" to select talents and imprison people's thoughts. This kind of eclectic talent reduction is to break the rigid and outdated system and select and appoint talents from all walks of life.
The process of designing intention makes students clearly see that through their own efforts, they can initially understand the content of the poem and gain the joy of success, which is also the best opportunity for students to cultivate their autonomous learning ability and practice their learning ability. When guiding communication, we should guide students according to their learning difficulties, don't spend time where they can study by themselves, and strive to improve the efficiency of classroom teaching.
A preliminary understanding of poetry can help us read better. Read the whole poem and tell me.
Grasping the content of the text as a whole is the first step in learning and the key step in cultivating reading ability. Infiltrate this method in the teaching process without trace to cultivate students' learning ability.
The teacher combed and summarized: Through self-study, everyone understood the meaning of the poem, and they all felt that the understanding of the words "Wan Ma Qi Qi" and "Feng Lei" was somewhat vague. Let's start from this first sentence, study deeply and learn together.
The design intention directly introduces the difficult learning in teaching, and uses the limited learning time on the cutting edge of teaching focus.
Third, go deep into poetry and understand it.
When I first started reading, I generally understood poetry. Now let's read the whole poem again and imagine it through words. What picture do you seem to see?
1. Students read the poem carefully and imagine the picture by themselves.
2, the group report exchange, discuss the imagination.
Summary: Just after listening to the speeches of each group, the teacher was intoxicated by you. Students really know how to read poetry. Through their own reading, they imagined so many vivid pictures. It's amazing!
For example:
After the whole poem is finished, study the first sentence carefully: the anger of Kyushu depends on the wind and thunder, and the sorrow of the study of thousands of troops.
A, when it comes to "Wan Ma Benteng", what words do you think of? How lively and spectacular! And what about this song "Wan Ma Tong Xin"? What kind of scene do you see when you see this word?
B. Is Gong Zizhen really talking about horses in the Qing Dynasty? What does he mean? Where did you read it?
Contact the "Kyushu" above to know that it is a "national lifeless situation."
C. Who is included in this "national"? (Jun, Guan, Min ...) How lifeless is it? Let's talk about the information collected before class.
After the student exchange report, the teacher casually added:
(1)(ppt picture 1) When the British and French allied forces came to the door, the emperor fled with his wife, son, military minister and nobles. Read "Wan Ma Tong Xin"!
(2)(ppt picture 2) This is an official of the Qing Dynasty. In the face of arrogant powers, the atmosphere is afraid to go out. Only care about it, exploit and oppress the people! (ppt picture 3) This is a postcard made by a smoker photographed by foreigners in China, and the image of the sick man of East Asia has spread all over the world. Serenade, who can defend the enemy in the Central Plains, has no silver to pay!
(3)(ppt Figure 4) People are displaced, fields can't be cultivated, businesses can't cross, and jobs can't be done. There are more than 100 million people wailing everywhere! This is the scene when the government distributed porridge. There was a mother whose son had just died in her arms because of poverty and illness. The poor mother is still crying in her heart: "Don't die, let's take advantage of porridge for her mother today" and "hide her tears and dare not cry" ...
Seeing all this, tell me your mood at the moment in one word: (sadness, resentment ...) These myriad emotions are also rolling in Gong Zizhen's mind. He chose the word that best expressed his mood at the moment: "sadness"
Let's read this line.
The design intention poem Wan Ma Benteng is not only the teaching emphasis, difficulty, but also the focus. The emotional "sadness" expressed in this image is the reason for the anger of Kyushu above, and it is also the basis for the following "I implore God to stand up again". Grasping this word means grasping the key point of teaching. Various methods are used to break through this difficulty and enrich the connotation of the text. At the same time, lead students into the writing age, feel and stimulate emotions. When teaching, not only the training of language and writing is in place, but also the emotional shock and singing of students are born. Grasp the focus of language training, the focus of content understanding and the difficulties of students' learning, and carry out solid and hierarchical language training.
Because of "sadness" and hatred, everyone is expecting a huge storm of change to awaken Kyushu's anger!
1. What is his anger in Kyushu? (Blackboard: Kyushu is angry) Say it with the words accumulated at ordinary times. (Peace, vitality, living and working in peace ...)
2. Just now, the students said that "fenglei" is a great social change. What do you want this storm to wash away? Wake up. What?
He hopes it can be as strong and fast as a storm! I am looking forward to it. Do you understand? (Reading the first line) Read! Let this change come faster! Read! Let this change come more violently! Read!
Summary: I look forward to the anger of Kyushu, but unfortunately I live in such a sad world, how can I not feel sorry! Read these two lines together.
Students and Gong Zizhen have the same deep grief and indignation, full of passion! Read aloud!
The second sentence of the reportage poem: "I advise God to stand up again and drop talents without sticking to one pattern."
Read the last sentence. Who did he suggest? Persuade what and how? (Many students report exchanges: convince with their own words and performances)
Summary: 1. Less than a year after this poem was written, the British cannon blew open the country for the first time, and the smoke of the first war dealt an unprecedented blow to this already poor country. Read!
This poem has only been written for three years. After the defeat of the Second World War, Britain and France jointly burned the Yuanmingyuan, and the 19 unequal treaties were signed one after another. read
3. The Sino-Japanese War failed, and the Reform Movement of 1898 failed. Eight-Nation Alliance invaded China, and the country was in danger! Read again!
Read the whole poem: the teacher and the students read it together: the teacher reads the first sentence and the students read the second sentence.
Design intent
1, where students can understand and use reading instead of speaking, so that students can feel, feel and feel their feelings through full reading. The teaching links are concise and meet the needs of situational emotional development.
2. From the interpretation and understanding of words, to the reading, understanding, feeling and experience of the first two lines of the poem, and then to the relationship between the two sentences of the whole poem, this teaching process is not only the training of contextual learning methods, but also the embodiment of the second-level overall concept of the textbook.
Fourth, recite the whole poem, feel the emotion and write it.
1. Read the whole poem. What kind of wishes Gong Zizhen expressed in this poem, you will definitely have a deeper feeling. Student exchange report,
What does this poem express the author's wish?
This poem expresses the poet's strong desire for social change and talented people by describing the lifeless social and political situation at that time.
Who can recite this poem with such expectation? Read aloud in class.
2. Feel the writing method
This invisible and intangible emotion is expressed by the author through the creation of vast images such as "ten thousand horses", "wind and thunder" and "gods". This kind of expression method of "creating scenery and expressing emotion" has similarities and differences with our common "borrowing scenery and expressing emotion", which also shows Gong Zizhen's extremely high artistic achievements. After class, you can look at Gong Zizhen's other poems or articles and feel his feelings more truly.
The design intention is to return to the whole poem, lead students to sort out and internalize the learning content, review the doubts at the beginning of the class, and feedback whether the teaching goal has been achieved.
Fifth, expand and extend, and arrange homework.
1, expansion: PPT shows the fifth poem of Jihai Zashi.
The vast sadness of parting extends to the setting sun, away from Beijing, riding a whip to the east, feeling that people are on earth.
I quit my job and go home, just like a flower falling from a branch, but this is not a heartless thing. It can be turned into the soil of spring and can also play a role in nurturing the next generation.
Through the development of Gong Zizhen's poem, the design aims to combine students' in-class reading with extracurricular reading, and deepen students' understanding and perception of this poem creation through comparison.
2. Homework: reading and writing.
3. Collect some patriotic poems or sentences after class and copy them in exercise books.
The design aims to collect patriotic poetry sentences through design, and also to further deepen patriotic feelings and cultivate collection ability.
Blackboard design:
Ji hai's miscellaneous poems
Qing palace zizhen
Only the great explosive power of lightning can make the land of China exude vitality, but the social and political situation is not angry, but a kind of sadness.
I advise God to cheer up and not stick to certain norms to belittle more people.
change
Ten thousand horses together-Kyushu is angry.
not stick to one pattern