Wang Heng's "Yu Lun Bao" focuses on all kinds of ugly and strange phenomena in officialdom, and all kinds of characters in officialdom have become the objects of criticism in Wang Heng's works. It not only describes Wang Wei's mental journey, but also Wang Heng's true feelings, indicating his attitude of breaking away from the imperial examination officialdom, thus thoroughly criticizing and denying the imperial examination.
Secondly, the description of the dual nature of human nature avoids the single characterization of Yuan Zaju.
The description of officialdom in Wang Heng's plays is also different from that in Yuan Zaju. In Yuan Zaju, the boundaries between evil and loyalty and treachery are very clear. Good officials are good officials and corrupt officials are corrupt officials. The playwright's attitude towards them is very clear. Wang Heng was born in the home of cabinet records, and he knew all kinds of people in officialdom. Therefore, in his works, he is more critical of officialdom and sentient beings combined with officialdom, and his critical reflection on zaju is more profound. For example, after Du Yan resigned from his post in True Puppet, he rode a donkey in a Taoist robe and lived a leisurely life with crutches every day. Wang Heng didn't give him too much aura of virtue, but tried his best to describe him as an ordinary person. As for Uncle Zhao and those ridiculous and arty businessmen, the author did not portray them as heinous images to make them more real and more in line with life.
Third, combined with my own experience and feelings, I use the writing technique of combining reality with reality.
Drama is the first step of Wang Heng's involvement in traditional Chinese opera activities, and it is his unique feeling and cold reflection on life after the vicissitudes of the world. Although his zaju is short in length, it is deeply branded with its own unique mark, and truly feels Wang Heng's inner world and unique personality charm, which has contributed to the zaju in the middle and late Ming Dynasty.
Fourthly, Wang Heng's plays are influenced by his own literati, and sometimes there are too many allusions, which dilute the story of the plays.
Too many allusions and difficult writing are the defects of Wang Heng's zaju, which makes his works sometimes unable to be fully displayed. In the seventh compromise of Yu Lunbao, Wang Wei resolutely resigned after seeing the darkness and decay of officialdom, and lived a leisurely pastoral life with his good friend Pei Di in Wangchuan. At the end of the story, the whole script has been completed, but the author has moved out a manjusri bodhisattva to enlighten Wang Wei, which inevitably makes people feel that it is unnecessary to persuade the world in a Buddhist tone. First, the style of writing is simple and light.
In Wang Heng's pastoral poems, the poet praised the natural simplicity of rural life and the sincerity and simplicity of villagers as the opposite of decadent officialdom and dark reality. These pastoral poems show the pastoral beauty and vitality of the countryside, giving people a light and natural feeling. For example, there is a saying in "Pastoral" that "the withered mulberry shoots again, and no one is pulling the heart" ... The rain is burning too hard, and lettuce is picked every day. Being sick every day, worrying about learning, getting water for fear of scaring fish, and mowing grass for pleasure. ”； Another example is "Walking at Night in Early Autumn", which says, "My field is the rice of the city, and I debuted in July. The bridge is yellow in the west and the setting sun is half inclined. "
Second, the scene blends, quiet and vigorous.
In his landscape poems, besides "lightness", he also created many images such as "bear" and "swim" in the poet's works. Although these two images are far less than the mainstream images such as "light" in quantity, their artistic attainments are unique. "Bear" and "swim" are the supplements to the mainstream images in poetry. For example, there is a saying in Taihu Lake that "I am willing to make waves, and the water of chaos is immeasurable." Thousands of beaches, thousands of months, and Bai Rushuang at night. "Another example is" Climbing Mount Tai to Watch the Sun "."The starry night is half a calendar, and the seaside green day stays open. Yanggu first embraces all movements, and Taoguang suddenly embraces all mountains and rivers. The cloud in the seal became a palace, and the hibiscus outside the column fell into the glass. After the sunny color faded, the island smoked Penglai. "
Third, arrogance, generosity and sadness.
Wang Heng's poems also have a tragic side. Although the number of such poems is small, they are unique and full of emotion. Wang Wenwu is both civil and military, broad-minded and charming. But after decades of scientific research, his heart failed, so his poems are rich and profound, and his style is tragic. This style is generally reflected in Wang Hengke's official poems, which are generally written for the second half of his life. It is the poet's experience of life after vicissitudes that reveals a sad and generous atmosphere. Such as "Crossing the Yellow River", "The guest thinks like running, and the river is muddy. Hate the present, hate the present, the sunset is faint. Lvliang has strong water, which is higher than Yunmeng Village. Go wandering alone and lean on silence. " Another example is "Climbing the Daguanlou", "I am worried about watching the birds cast into the far shore at night, and I once cut the boat and held it upstream. Unlimited ambition, two melons a year. " The ancestors were Wang Yan, the magistrate of Liyang County, Huazhou, Tang Dynasty, and descendants of King Taiyuan. Wang gave birth. Wang Hu, the son of Che Wang, was an official in the later Han and Zhou Dynasties, served as a supervisor in the Tang Taizong Dynasty in the Song Dynasty, and Tang Taizong served as an official in the Ministry of War. Wang Hu's second son, Wang Dan, was the prime minister of the Song Dynasty. He was appointed Duke of Wei. Wang Su, the third son of Wang Dan, is the minister of the Ministry of Industry. Wang Gong, the third son of Wang Su, was appointed to any post.
Wang Gong's fourth son, Wang Gao, moved to Jiangnan with Song Ting and settled in Wuxi. Aric's eldest son, Wang Yi, moved to Loudong. Wang Yi's eldest son, Wang Hui. Wang guowang Wang Bi's second son, Wang Shuzu. Wang Zhu, the ancestor of Wang Shu. Wang Wang Shousan.
Wang Rongguan, the eldest son of Wang Shousan, was the deputy commander of Baoyi, the marshal's office in Henan Province. He abandoned his official and fled to Chengjiang (now northeast of Taicang) in the Red Scarf Army uprising. Wang Rong's eldest son, Wang Qiuyi, moved to Lezhi Township, Jiading County (now Liuhe Town, Taicang). His first son, Wang. Wang, son of Wang Daozhao. Wang Daozhao is the son of Wang Huan. Qian Zhi, the son of Wang Huan, Wang Jin, was appointed as the magistrate of Putian County, Fujian Province. Wang Jinzi and Wang Kan. Wang Kan Zi Wang Xi. Wang Xi's second son, Wang Yong.
Great-grandfather: Wang Yong, good at business, with deep pockets. At that time, he was a rich man in Taicang area.
Grandfather: Wang, my student. Because his father Wang Yong dreamed of studying in high school when he was born, he was named Meng Qing. Later, when Wang was studying in imperial academy, Nanjing, there was a lawsuit dispute at home and he was forced to abandon Confucianism to do business and run his family business.
Grandma: Wu was born in a rich family.
Father: Wang Xijue, born on July 21st in the 13th year of Ming Jiajing (1 August 30th, 534), died on December 29th in the 31st year of Wanli (161February,1). "Wanli Period" recorded the word "Yu", ranking second in Jinshi.
Mother: Zhu, born on August 7th, 12th year of Jiajing (1August 26th, 533), died on July 4th, 26th year of Wanli (1August 5th, 598), from Jiading County. Before marriage, she was the daughter of Huang County Lingzhu.
Uncle: Wang Dingjue, the ninth scholar in Qin Long in the second year (1568), was an official assistant in Yuzhou. He is charitable and called the king and bodhisattva of Taicang. When Wang Heng was a teenager, he studied with his uncle, loved drama and was deeply influenced by his uncle. Wife and concubine
: Jin, daughter of Jiading Juren Jin.
Stepmarriage: Xu, the daughter of Mrs. Chang's student Xu.
Remarriage: Feng, a native of Huating, is the daughter of Feng Daizong, the magistrate of Qingyuan County.
Concubine: Zhou.
son
The eldest son (betrothed to the granddaughter of President Shen Shi, who died young) is from Feng.
Second son: Wang Gengyu (premature death)
The second son: Wang Zanyu (that is, Wang Shimin, a great painter in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties), my concubine Zhou, a native of Kunshan, was the daughter of the Hanlin Academy.
daughter
Eldest daughter: Married to Kunshan County, Guli, and son Gong Li, a county student.
Second Daughter: Married to Huating County, Xu Bengao, the great-grandson of Xu (Xu Jie), and a thousand Royal Guards. Officer to Zuo Jun viceroy, left viceroy.
Third Daughter: Married to Wu Mingxian of Taicang, a student.
Four daughters: Married to Jiading County, attending the meeting of Li Zongzhi, the son of Gong Li.
Five daughters: married to Huang Yisheng, son of Huang Gong, the magistrate of Taicang. In the Ming Dynasty, he went to Xindu, Anji and other places in Sichuan and wrote two volumes of Selected Poems of Huangshe, Selected Poems of Li Anrui Jushi and Selected Poems of Yueyingzhai.
Six daughters: Married to Qin, a rich family in Jiading (Qin is a descendant of Qin Guan), and bought Zhou, the last emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Chongzhen. This building has a large area. After being changed into a garden by the Qin family, it is mainly composed of twelve scenic spots. The owner of Qin Garden has asked Wang Shimin to write an inscription for the twelve scenic spots headed by "Mountain Garden" for many times.
granddaughter
Grandson: Wang Ting, whose real name is Chen Zhou, is named Gui 'an, and he is a official in the official rank. There are Jian 'an Gongshi Village, No Blindness Collection and Worrying Collection.
Second grandson: Wang Yi, with a real word and a nickname of Zhiji, was a juren in the twelfth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty and a scholar in the twelfth year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty. And Ji Zhi Ji. His wife is a great-granddaughter and the biological mother of the painter Wang.
The third grandson: the word is different from the public, the word new year, the same temple, and life. There are more than three collections of poems, Sui 'an's poems and Wu Yigong's poems.
Fourth grandson: Wang Zhi, born in Pingzai, Gong Sheng.
The fifth grandson: Wang Jian, famous LUN, word. After the Qing dynasty, the word Yu Min was changed, and then the word He Yin and his name were changed. There are Jian 'an Ji, Ji, Huhua Zhuang, Lou, Yin and so on.
Sixth grandson: Wang Fu, whose name is Kuang Ling, No.,was born in China.
Seventh grandson: Wang Yi, whose name is Hongyuan, is Jiyuan. He is the author of Bu Yan Ji and Lu Zhong Ji.
Eight grandsons: Elvis Presley, the word Zao Ru,no. Zhuan 'an, a scholar in the ninth year of Kangxi, and a university student in Wenyuange. There are "Xitian Collection", "Xitian Poetry Collection" and "A Glance Collection".
Jiusun: Wang Yi, the word Yin Hou, was a juren in the sixteenth year of Kangxi, and was known by the official Taiyuan government.