Qingming Festival
Du Mu
It rains heavily during the Qingming Festival, and pedestrians on the road want to die.
Ask where the restaurant is, and the shepherd boy points out. Xinghua Village.
This day is the Qingming Festival. The poet Xiao Du happened to encounter rain in the middle of his journey. Although Qingming is a time of green flowers and bright spring scenery, the climate is prone to changes. During the period, there were even "strong winds and heavy rains" from time to time. But the drizzle on this day was the kind of rain that "the light rain in the sky is as moist as crisp" - this is also the characteristic of spring rain. This "rain", It conveys the melancholy and beautiful state of "being cold and bullying the flowers, trapping the smoke in the willows".
The "profusion" here naturally describes the artistic conception of the spring rain; but it Not only that, it also has a special function, that is, it actually describes the mood of the walker in the rain.
Look at the following sentence: "The pedestrians on the road want to die. ". "Pedestrian" is a person who travels away from home. So what is "broken soul"? In poetry, "soul" mostly refers to mental and emotional matters. "broken soul" is trying to describe that It is a very strong but deep emotion that is not clearly expressed on the outside. In ancient customs, Qingming Festival is a big festival with rich colors and sentiments. It is supposed to be a time for family reunions, sightseeing, or visiting graves; now Pedestrians are walking alone, feeling sad when they touch the scenery, and the feelings in their hearts are complicated. It happens that the drizzle comes one after another, and the spring clothes are wet, which adds another layer of melancholy. Therefore, the poet uses the word "broken soul"; otherwise, A little rain is worth "breaking the soul", isn't that quite unreasonable? - In this way, we can go back to the word "one after another". Originally, people traveling during the festival already have a lot of things on their minds. In addition, walking in the rain and wind, one after another, the mood is even more miserable and confusing. So, one after another is used to describe the spring rain, but it can also describe the mood, - it can even be said to describe the spring rain, that is In order to describe the mood, this is a kind of unique art and a kind of scenic spot in Chinese classical poetry, where the love is in the scene and the scene is the love.
The first two sentences describe the scene, and then the pedestrians rushed to the scene. An idea in my mind: Where can I find a small hotel? The thing is very clear: I can find a small hotel to take a rest and take shelter from the rain. Second, I can have three drinks to relieve myself from the cold spring and warm myself. Clothes soaked by the rain - the most important thing is that it can dispel the sadness in my heart. So, I asked people for directions.
Who was he asking for directions? The poet asked for directions in Chapter 1 The three sentences do not tell us, but the mystery lies in the fourth sentence: "The shepherd boy points to Xinghua Village in the distance." Grammatically speaking, "shepherd boy" is the subject of this sentence, but it is actually the predicate of "I want to ask" in the previous sentence. - It completes the question and answer of the previous sentence. Did the shepherd boy answer? We don't know, but the answer with "action" is more vivid and powerful than the answer. When we watch the play "Little Cowherd", when someone asks When the shepherd boy asked for directions, he pointed his hand and said, "Follow my hand and take a look!" It was a combination of words and actions - that is, "music" and "pictures", both of which made the viewer gain knowledge at the same time. to enjoy the beauty; now the poet's technique is simpler and more sophisticated: he only gives the "picture" to the readers, and omits the "music" - no, it is better to say that it includes the "music". The reader appreciates that guide The beautiful "picture", and at the same time, I could faintly hear the "music" of the answer.
"Yao" literally means far. However, this meaning cannot be adhered to here. This reference has made us like I saw the vague red apricot tips, clearly picking out a wine curtain - "Jiuwangzi". If the distance is really far away, it will be difficult to have an artistic connection. If it is really right in front of you, then the implicit and endless interest will be lost: The wonderful thing is that it is neither far nor near. In "A Dream of Red Mansions", there is a scene in the Grand View Garden inscribed with "Apricot curtain in sight". The look of "in sight" comes from the experience of detachment here, which is exactly what Du Lang did. A footnote to the sentence. "Xinghua Village" is not necessarily the name of a real village, nor does it necessarily refer to a restaurant. It is enough to point to this village deep in the beautiful apricot flowers. It goes without saying that there is a small restaurant there. A small hotel is waiting to receive guests traveling in the rain.
The poem only writes "pointing to Xinghua Village in the distance" and ends abruptly without spending another sentence. The rest is about how the pedestrians reacted to the news. Joy, how hard he walked forward, how excitedly he found the hotel, how happily he got the satisfaction and joy of sheltering from the rain and relieving his sorrow..., the poet can "don't care" about these. . He gave all these to the readers' imagination, opening up a much broader space for readers' imagination than the words and sentences of the poem show. This is the "more than enough" of art.
This little poem does not contain a single difficult word or an allusion. It is written in very popular language and is written very freely without any trace of artificiality. The syllables are very harmonious and perfect, the scene is very fresh and vivid, and The realm is beautiful and the interest is subtle. The poem's structure is also very natural, and it is written sequentially. The first sentence describes the scene, environment, and atmosphere, which is "qi"; the second sentence is "cheng", which describes the characters. It shows the character's confused and confused state of mind; the third sentence is a "turn", but it also proposes a way to get rid of this state of mind; and this directly forces the fourth sentence, which becomes the highlight of the whole article - " "Combined". In art, this is a technique of starting from low to high, gradually rising, and putting the climax at the end. The so-called climax is not an all-inclusive view, and the enjoyment is exhausted, but the aftertaste is vague and intriguing. These are all This is the poet’s brilliance, which is worthy of our learning and inheritance!