"Yangguan Sandie" is a famous qin song of the Tang Dynasty. It is based on Wang Wei's poem "Send Yuan Er Envoy to Anxi" as the lyrics. The whole song has a simple and passionate melody, with a touch of melancholy, expressing the feeling of parting and the relationship between each other. The care of friends who travel far away.
Yangguan Sandie: Guqin music. The lyrics of a famous song of the Tang Dynasty are from Wang Wei's poem "Send Off the Second Envoy of the Yuan Dynasty to Anxi": "The morning rain in Weicheng is light and the dust is light, and the guesthouses are light and new. I urge you to drink another glass of wine, and there will be no old friends when you leave Yangguan in the west." Because there are two place names "Yangguan" and "Weicheng" in the poem, it is also called "Yangguan Song" and "Weicheng Song". "Yangguan" has also become synonymous with sending friends off and singing in return. Sandiao refers to the three sections of the whole song, which are basically the same tune repeated three times.
In the poem "Listening to Jin Wuyun Singing on the Xichuan Seat" by Chen Tao of the Tang Dynasty, there is a sentence: "The song is the third time of "Yizhou", singing the words of You Cheng's expedition to the Rong", which can be seen from "Weicheng Song" ” was also used in the Tang Dynasty song “Yizhou”. The lyrics of Daqu mostly use five or seven-character quatrains or four lines of intercepted verses, and are chanted repeatedly to give full play to the meaning of the poem. "Yangguan Sandie" means singing in three repetitions.
"Yangguan Sandie" has been passed down to later generations. There are many kinds of music scores and singing methods. There were three kinds in the Song Dynasty alone. Su Shi once said that he had heard two kinds.
There is no surviving music score before the Yuan Dynasty. The Zheyin Shizi Qinpu (1491) compiled by Gong Jigu in the early Ming Dynasty contains the Yangguan Sandie music score, which is the earliest music score ever seen. However, there is no further research to verify whether it is related to the Tang Dynasty music score.
There are more than 30 kinds of qin song scores of "Yangguan Sandie" in existence. They have some differences in musical form and structure, but the tunes are similar. The melody of the whole song is simple and passionate, with a touch of melancholy. It ends with the repetition of the same sound, which strengthens the meaning of separation and care for friends who are traveling far away, which is very consistent with the theme of the poem.
The "Yangguan Sandie" qin song that is often performed today comes from "Introduction to Qin Studies" compiled by Zhang He in the late Qing Dynasty. The whole song has three sections, that is, three choruses. Each chorus is sung in addition to the original poem. , add some words and phrases, which are developed from the poetic meaning of the original poem, and add a coda at the end. Contemporary composer Wang Xiaya once adapted the score of modern qin player Xia Yifeng into a chorus and recorded it on a record. In addition to being sung as a song, "Yangguan Sandie" is also often performed as instrumental music, among which the qin music, zheng music and erhu music are more influential.