China's poems originated from rhythmic songs such as weightlifting and persuasion issued by ancient ancestors in their labor. For example, there are folk songs such as "broken bamboo", "continued bamboo", "flying soil" and "chasing meat" in "Wu Yue Chun Qiu", which is said to be a poem in the ancient Yanhuang period, and its content records people's labor scenes at that time.
With the development of social history, during the 500 years from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period (BC 1 1 century to the 7th century BC), China's ancient poetry has made remarkable achievements. The Book of Songs, produced in this historical period, contains 305 poems, which is the oldest collection of poems in the history of China literature.
The Book of Songs is divided into three categories: wind, elegance and ode. Wind is a folk song with local color in fifteen vassal States at that time; Ya is a music song in the area directly ruled by Zhou Dynasty. "Fu" is a dance music used in ancestral halls, also called temple music.
Western poetry came into being in the late bronze age of ancient Greece. Ancient folklore, heroic songs and fairy tales originated from the disintegration of clan society. According to legend, Homer, a blind poet in ancient Greece, based on this, compiled Homer's Epic, including the Iliad and the Odyssey. The content includes the social situation from 1 1 century to the 9th century BC and the Mycenae civilization before 2000. It mainly praises the heroic achievements of tribes and nations in the process of formation and development, including the difficulties and obstacles of primitive people in creating history, the struggle against foreign aggression, and other major themes related to the fate of the country and the nation. Become the oldest literary work in the history of European literature.
Say "words"
The epigraph is the name of the word format. The format of words is different from that of metrical poems. There are only four formats of metrical poems, but there are always more than two thousand formats of words (according to Qin edition). The form of these words is called word spectrum.
There are three situations about the origin of epigrams:
(1) was originally the name of music. Such as Bodhisattva Man, Xijiang Moon, Wind in the Pine, Recent Flowers, etc. Some of these come from the people, some from the court or the official.
(2) Choose a few words from one word as epigrams. For example, Qin Yi E, because the first two sentences of the earliest words written according to this format are "Xiao Shengyan, dream broken", so the epigraph is called E, also called E. The real name of memorizing Jiangnan is Wang Jiangnan, because the last sentence of a poem by Bai Juyi is "Can you forget Jiangnan", so it is also called memorizing Jiangnan. Niannujiao is also called no return to the river, because the first sentence of Su Shi's Niannujiao is "no return to the river"; It is also called "the moon on the Yangtze River" because the last three words of Su Shi's ci are "the moon on the Yangtze River".
(3) It is the topic of words. Langtaosha is about Langtaosha, what's missing is about the night, throwing the ball is about throwing the ball, and so on. This is the most common. Where the epigraph is marked with "original intention", that is to say, the epigraph is also a topic, and there are no other topics. But most words don't use the original meaning, so there are prefixes besides epigrams. Generally, inscriptions are marked under or behind the inscriptions. In this case, the inscription has nothing to do with the inscription. A song "Langtaosha" can end.
No mention of waves and beaches; A poem "Recalling Jiangnan" can also not mention Jiangnan at all. In this way, the epigraph is just the code name of the word spectrum.
The origin of Niannujiao: The famous geisha Niannujiao was named here in Tianbao period of Tang Dynasty.
Niannu was the name of a singer in the Tang Dynasty. According to Yuan Zhen's "Lianchang Palace Ci", "Mother slaves advocate in Tianbao and are good at singing. There is a banquet downstairs every year. After a long day, people clamored for it. Yan' an and Wei dynasties can't be banned, and everyone is happy to play. Xuanzong sent Gao Lishi to shout upstairs, saying,' If you want to send slaves to sing, Twenty-five Lang will blow a small pipe to drive them away. Can people listen? I have been served quietly. "Wang Zhuo's" Lan Feng Man Zhi "volume five quotes" Kaiyuan Tianbao Legacy ":"Every time you hold the board, you will hear it at sunrise. "
Legend has it that when Xuanzong traveled around the world every year, his mother slave often accompanied him secretly, so he took her as his epigraph name. Jiao, I think it is an adjective.
"Niannu jiao? In Nostalgia at Red Cliff, Niannujiao is a epigraph and Nostalgia at Red Cliff is the title of the word, which shows that the word is a word and its position is "Red Cliff". A word must have a epigraph, but not necessarily a title.