Quanzhou-History Quanzhou Zhuangyuan Street archway Quanzhou has a long history and started economic development as early as the Zhou and Qin Dynasties. In the third year of Wu Yong 'an in the Three Kingdoms (260), Dongan County was established in Fengzhou Town of Nan 'an City, and Nan 'an County was established in Southern Chaoliang Prison (502 ~ 5 19), which was the beginning of local county governance. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, there was a war in the Central Plains, and many gentry in the Central Plains entered the spring and lived along the river, hence the name Jinjiang. They brought advanced production technology and cultural knowledge, which enabled banks in Jinjiang to develop rapidly. With the development of economy and the reform of political system, the organizational system of administrative divisions has changed several times. In the year of Tang Jiuyuan (700), Wu Rongfu was established, which was under the jurisdiction of the state. In the second year of Tang Jingyun (7 1 1), Wurong Prefecture was renamed Quanzhou. Since then, there have been counties, prefectures, prefectures and prefectures. After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), administrative inspection areas, special areas and regions were set up, and Jinjiang area was set as Quanzhou prefecture-level city in 1986 and 65438+ 10.
Prehistoric history
Quanzhou developed very early. There are a large number of Neolithic cultural sites in every county of Jinjiang River Basin. Archaeological findings show that the Min and Yue people who lived here three or four thousand years ago "lived in valleys and bamboo forests" and mastered the techniques of planting rice, weaving and making pottery with stone tools.
Qianqin
During the Xia and Shang Dynasties, Quanzhou was now divided into Yangzhou.
During the Western Zhou Dynasty, it was the land of seven provinces in Fujian. The earliest written records about Quanzhou appeared.
From the late Spring and Autumn Period to the early Warring States Period, it belonged to Fujian and Vietnam. Fujian people and Vietnamese living here are good at shipbuilding and sailing. They live a life of fishing, hunting and farming.
In about nine years (306 BC), Yue died, and some of his people spread in Fujian, either as kings or as kings, serving the State of Chu and the whole emperor.
Quanzhou Qin
In the twenty-sixth year of Qin Shihuang (22 1 BC), a county was set up in the middle of Fujian, which was returned to him by the spring and was not taken by the leaders of Fujian and Vietnam.
Han/Han/Chinese/human
In the fifth year of Emperor Gaozu (202 BC), he was named King of Fujian and Yue, and took over his hometown of central Fujian, both of which were Dongye. Quandi belongs to Fujian and Vietnam.
In the sixth year of Jianyuan (BC 135), due to the constant invasion of Baiyue by soldiers, the Han Dynasty found fault, abolished the title of King Min Yue, and successively named the two kings (Yue Wang and Dongyue Wang) as the land of Min Yue before * * *.
In the first year of Yuanfeng (1 10 BC), the king of Dongyue was killed for rebellion, and the Han Dynasty changed the king of Yuee to Duke of Dongcheng, and ordered the military attache to move from Fujian to Vietnam between Huaihe River.
In the second year of Shiyuan (85 BC), the number of people in Fujian and Vietnam who fled from the valley gradually increased, and Ye County was established, which was subordinate to Huiji County. The whole land belongs to Ye County. Later, it was changed to Houguan County, Hui Jinan.
Three Kingdoms
In the third year of Wu Yong 'an (260), Dong 'an County was established, and Fengzhou Town of Nan 'an City was ruled by the county. Set up a county for the local government. Jurisdiction over Licheng District, Fengze District, Luojiang District, Quangang District, shishi city, Jinjiang City, Nan 'an City, Hui 'an County, Anxi County, Yongchun County, Xiamen City, Putian City and parts of Zhangzhou City. Dehua County belongs to today's Houguan County.
Western Jin Dynasty and Eastern Jin Dynasty
In the third year of Taikang in the Western Jin Dynasty (282), it was analyzed that Jian 'an County set up Jin 'an County. Dongan County was changed to Jin 'an County, which now governs Putian, Quanzhou, Xiamen and Zhangzhou. The county seat is located in Fengzhou Town and belongs to Jin 'an County. Tongan County belongs to Jin 'an County and later merged into Nan 'an County. In the fifth year of Yongjia in the Western Jin Dynasty (365,438+065,438+0), the war broke out in the Central Plains, and the gentry of clothes crossed into Fujian in the south, some of them lived along the banks of the ancient Nan 'an River, and later the Nan 'an River was changed to Jinjiang.
Southern and Northern Dynasties
Liang (502 ~ 5 19): Nan 'an County, Jin 'an County, followed by Jin 'an County, Longxi County and Shuilan County; The county seat is located in Jin 'an (now Fengzhou Town, Nan 'an City). Quandi belongs to Jin 'an County, Nan 'an County. Nan 'an County was placed in Jiangzhou at the beginning and in East Yangzhou in six years (525).
In the first year of Chen Yongding (557), Fujian Province (now Fuzhou) was established in Jin 'an County, which governed Jin 'an County, Jian 'an County and Nan 'an County. In the sixth year of Tianjia (565), Fujian stopped, but he was still transferred to East Yangzhou.
In the second year of Chen Guangda (568), Fengzhou was established in Jin 'an County (the administrative office is located in Min County, now Fuzhou City), and Nan 'an County belongs to it. Putian County is located in Nan 'an, which belongs to Nan 'an County of Fengzhou.
Sui dynasty
In 589, the East West Tower of Kaiyuan Temple in Quanzhou opened for nine years: the three-level system of state, county and county was changed to the two-level system of state and county, and the number of states and counties was greatly reduced. Fengzhou was changed to Quanzhou (now Fuzhou), Nan 'an County was abolished, and Jin 'an County was changed to Nan 'an County, which was under its jurisdiction. Thus, the name "Quanzhou" appeared for the first time in Fujian history.
In the second year of Daye (606), Quanzhou was changed to Zhou Min, and Nan 'an County was changed to Zhou Min.
In the third year of Daye (607), the state government was abolished and Fujian was changed to Jian 'an County. Today's Quanzhou City belongs to Nan 'an County except Dehua, which was abandoned by Houguan County.
the Tang Dynasty
After Emperor Taizong succeeded to the throne, he merged counties into provinces, and divided the whole country into ten roads according to the situation of mountains and rivers and geographical areas. Fujian belongs to Lingnan Road, which governs Fengzhou (now Quanzhou), Quanzhou (now Fuzhou) and Jianzhou (now Jian 'ou).
In the fifth year of Wude (622), the old county of Nan 'an was established in Fengzhou, and the state was ruled in Fengzhou Town of Nan 'an. It is divided into two counties, Nan 'an and Putian, which belong to Fengzhou. Fengzhou leads Nan 'an, Putian and Longxi counties.
In the first year of Zhenguan (627), Fengzhou was abolished, and Nan 'an, Putian and Longxi counties were merged into Quanzhou (now Fuzhou).
In the year of Heishengyuan (684), the three counties of Nan 'an, Putian and Longxi in Quanzhou (now Fuzhou) were all Wu Rongfu, which belonged to Fengzhou Town of Nan 'an City. Soon, Wurongzhou was abolished, and the three counties still belonged to Quanzhou.
In the first year of IX (700), Wurong Prefecture was established in Licheng District, Quanzhou City, which governed Nan 'an, Putian, Longxi and Qingyuan counties. In the north corner, build a mansion in Yiyun Pavilion, and build a hall of Cao Liudu and a hall of joining the army. Before the official residence, make South Street a city. Soon began to build a city in Zhi Zhi, for Cheng Tang.
In the second year of Jing Yun (7 1 1), Wurong Prefecture was renamed Quanzhou, which was under the jurisdiction of the Governor's Office of Zhou Min. Quanzhou organizational system began. All references to "Quanzhou" in the future refer to Quanzhou today. Putian and Qingyuan are under the jurisdiction of Quanzhou.
In the sixth year of Kaiyuan (7 18), the Southern Shaolin Temple in Quanzhou was the secretariat of Feng Renzhi, who ruled no county by state. Please analyze, Jinjiang County is located in the southeast of Nan 'an County. So far, Quanzhou has five counties.
In the 28th year of Kaiyuan (740), Fiona Fang, Quanzhou City was twenty miles away, with Quanshan in the north and Zhennan in the south.
In the 29th year of Kaiyuan (74 1), don't drive Zhao to dig a ditch and take a boat to Quanzhou.
During the kaiyuan period (7 13 ~ 74 1), Quanzhou governed Nan 'an, Putian, Longxi, Qingyuan and Jinjiang counties, with 37,054 households and about 249,500 people.
In the first year of Tianbao (742), the Tang court changed the state to a county, and Quanzhou was renamed Qingyuan County, which belonged to Lingnan Road and was in charge of Nan 'an, Putian, Xianyou (Qingyuan County was renamed Xianyou County because of the same name) and Jinjiang, and was Zhongzhou.
Tianbaojian (742 ~ 755), with 23,806 households in Qingyuan County,160,295 people.
In the first year of Gan Yuan (758), Qingyuan County was restored to Quanzhou.
In the first year of Shangyuan (AD 760), Fuzhou was promoted to our provincial government, and Quanzhou and other six states belonged to it.
In the sixth year of Dali (77 1 year), Quanzhou still belonged to it. After stopping our army, we will observe and deal with it in our capital.
In the eighth year of Zhenyuan (792), Quanzhou secretariat rebuilt the North Building. The following year, Ouyang Zhan wrote The Story of the North Building.
In the 19th year of Zhenyuan (803), the 2nd year of Changqing (822) and the 5th year of Xian Tong (864), the Datong Field (now Tongan County), Taolinchang (now Yongchun County) and Xiaoxichang (now Anxi County) in Nan 'an County were analyzed successively.
In July of the 20th year of Zhenyuan (804), due to the performance of Fujian observer Liu Mian, Wan Jian was established in Quanzhou. Weizhou Island (now Kinmen) has a horse herding area. Chen Yuan led the twelve surnames to herd horses, and planting, fishing and salt industry began to rise, with an increasingly prosperous population.
During Zhenyuan period (785 ~ 804), Guiyi Township in Yongtai County and its Dedication.
During the Yuanhe period (806 ~ 820), there were 3557 1 household and 238400 people in Quanzhou, which was promoted from Zhongzhou to Shangzhou.
During the Daiwa period (827 ~ 835), Zhao Bai, the secretariat of Quanzhou, opened two gates, Renfengmen and Su Jing, and merged them into four gates. A waiting building was built on the north wall. East Street and West Street connect the east and west doors.
In the 11th year of Dazhong (857), Jiaheli (now Xiamen) was established, belonging to Quanzhou.
In the second year of Guangqi, Wang Chao was the secretariat of Quanzhou and built Quanzhou Zicheng. On Wednesday, he took another 160 step, opening Chunmen in the east, Suqingmen in the west, Chongyang Gate in the south and Shanmen in the north.
Five Dynasties and Ten States
Liang Kaiping, Laojunyan, Qingyuan Mountain, Quanzhou (909), was named King of Fujian in Wang Jianli. After the death of Wang, his eldest son Wang succeeded to the throne, calling himself "Da".
In the fourth year of Changxing in the late Tang Dynasty (933), the second son of Wang killed his brother and usurped the throne, claiming the throne, and the whole state belonged to him. It was promoted to Dehua County, Shengtao Forest Farm was Taoyuan County (now Yongchun), and Datong Farm was Tongan County, belonging to Quanzhou.
In the third year of Tianfu at the end of Jin Dynasty (938), Taoyuan County was renamed Yongchun County.
At the end of Jin Dynasty, in the fourth year of Tianfu (939), Datong was promoted to Tongan County. So far, there are six counties in Quanzhou.
At the end of Jin Dynasty, in the eighth year of Tianfu (943), Yan Fu, Sand King, was proclaimed emperor in the state, and his reputation was greatly shocked. At the end of the first year of sailing (944), Quanzhou was transferred to Yin Da.
In the first month of the second year of sailing (945), Yin Da was renamed Fujian and the whole state was placed under it; In August, Fujian surrendered to the Southern Tang Dynasty; In September, Quanzhou belongs to Nantang. In the Southern Tang Dynasty, he served as King of Jinjiang. In the second year of Ganyou in the later Han Dynasty (949), Nantang promoted Quanzhou to be the Qingyuan Army, commanding Zhou Nan (Zhangzhou). In the same year, Dehua was placed under the Qingyuan Army, adding Changping and Jincheng, which belonged to Youxi. After the death of the Liu family, Chen was divided by the Qing army.
In the second year of Xiande in the later Zhou Dynasty (955), Xiaoxichang was promoted to Qingxi County (now Anxi).
Northern Song Dynasty
The establishment of local political power in song dynasty. Basically inherited the state and county system of Tang and Five Dynasties. In fact, the military, state and government in the Song Dynasty were administrative agencies at the same level, and the roads above the state and county were equivalent to those in the Tang Dynasty. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Fujian was called Fujian Road, and its administrative division was divided into six countries: Fu, Jian, Quan, Zhang, Ting and Nanjian, and Shaowu and Xinghua armies. After Nandu, Jianzhou was promoted to Jianning House. Fujian therefore includes one government, five states and two armies, and eight administrative agencies at the same level, so it is called "Bamin", and * * * governs 42 counties.
In the second year of Gande (964), the Qingyuan Army was renamed Pingshui Division, nominally belonging to South Zhejiang Province.
In the third year of Taiping rejuvenating the country (AD 978), wuyue was destroyed by the Song Dynasty, and the Pinghai Division was changed to Quanzhou. At this point, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou officially returned to the Song Dynasty, and the whole of Fujian was truly incorporated into the territory of the Song Dynasty.
In 979, Baizhang Town, Putian County (now Putian Dayang, Xinxian, Zhuangbian and Baisha Township), Youyang Town, Xianyou County (now Xianyou, Shicang, Zhongshan and Xiangxi Township), and Yongfu, Fuzhou (now Yongtai County) were part of Fuqing border, with Xinghua County as the land and Guyi as the county seat. In the same year, the Taiping Army was established and changed to Xinghua Army, which was directly under the Southwest Zhejiang Road and governed Putian, Xianyou and Xinghua counties. Military rule is also located in Xinghua County.
Five years of Taiping and Xingguo (980): Nine mountainous areas in Dehua County (now Fengshan and Xiyuan Township of Xianyou County) were placed under the jurisdiction of Xianyou County. Changtai County belongs to Zhangzhou.
The Six Years of Taiping and Xingguo (98 1): An Analysis of Northeast Jinjiang County 16 Hui 'an County. So far, Quanzhou has been ahead of Nan 'an, Jinjiang, Tongan, Dehua, Yongchun, Qingxi and Hui 'an counties.
In the eighth year of Taiping and Xingguo (983), Fujian broke away from the south-west Zhejiang Road and set up Fujian Road independently.
In the second year of Yongxi (985), Quanzhou was placed under Fujian Road.
At the beginning of Xi Ningchu (1068 ~ 1070), the Governor Village of Sixian County was established in Lishihu Village, Yongning, in charge of local soil affairs in Jinjiang, Nan 'an, Hui 'an and Tong 'an, with a total of 125 people.
In the third year of Daguan (A.D. 1 109), Quanzhou was promoted to Wang Jun.
In the third year of Xuanhe (1 12 1), Qingxi County was renamed Anxi County. So far, Quanzhou has jurisdiction over Jinjiang, Nan 'an, Tong 'an, Hui 'an, Anxi, Yongchun and Dehua counties.
According to historical records, Penghu in the Song Dynasty was officially placed under Quanzhou and was under the jurisdiction of Jinjiang County.
Southern Song Dynasty
In July, the first year of Jian Yan (A.D. 1 127), Fujian (Quanzhou) was promoted to the city shipping company and returned to the transshipment ambassador.
In May of the second year of Jianyan (A.D. 1 128), he was transferred to Fujian (Quanzhou) and promoted to be a city shipping company.
In December (A.D. 1 129), Zong Zheng Division in Nanwai was moved from Zhenjiang to Quanzhou.
In the fourth year of Jianjian (A.D. 1 130), Anhai merchants in Jinjiang County competed for the wharf, which was difficult for tax collectors to control. The imperial court sent officials to the prison before setting up Shijing town. Zhu Song (the father of Zhu) was the first town official.
In the second year of Shaoxing, Tianhou Palace, Quanzhou (A.D. 1 132), Fujian was promoted to the position of Tea Salt Officer, leading Fujian's shipping administration. In October, I moved to Quanzhou.
In the seventh year of Avenue (AD 1 17 1), Wang Dayou was well-known in Quanzhou, and 200 houses were built in Penghu, and the water army was stationed for a long time to compile the household registration of Taiwan Province.
In the eighth year of Dadao (A.D. 1 172), Visayas once again established Shuiao Village (officially called Yongning Village) and stationed 60 water troops as a defense. During the Jiading period, Zhende Xiuzhi learned that Quanzhou had been renovated, adding 50 water troops and building 50 new military houses in Shihu, Yongning, with 325 rated soldiers.
In the 13th year of Xichun (A.D. 1 186), Lin Bao Village was located in the south of Quanzhou, and Fa Shi Cun was located in the east of Quanzhou, so they divided their forces to guard it.
In March of the second year of Shao Xi (A.D. 1 19 1), Song Ting ordered Chen Gongliang, a Fujian prison, and Zhu, a magistrate of Zhangzhou, to jointly handle the economic boundaries of Zhangzhou, Quanzhou and Tingzhou. Because powerful people object, it can't be implemented.
In the 11th year of Jiading (A.D. 12 18), Baogai Village was set up in Weitou 'ao, Jinjiang County, and the troops were transferred from Lin Bao to 120 to control Jianping, clear the stone village and strengthen coastal defense.
In the 12th year of Jiading (A.D. 12 19), it was known that Zhen Dexiu rebuilt 62 military camps in Chongwu, and stationed 3 10 troops to strengthen coastal defense.
In November of the 14th year of Jiading (A.D. 122 1), the left-wing army was controlled by Quanzhou.
At the end of Jiading, Quanzhou set up Pinghu Pass (later renamed Shimenguan) in Dehua East-West Corps, and was garrisoned by 100 left-wing troops.
During the Chunyou period (A.D.1241-1252), the number of households in Quanzhou increased to 255,758,1329,940, the first population peak in history, and it was pushed from Shangzhou to Zhou Wang.
In the second year of Jingyan (1277), Xinghua Army was changed to Xing 'an Prefecture. At the end of the year, Xing 'an Prefecture was besieged by the Yuan Army.
Yuan dynasty (1206- 1368)
In the 14th year of Zhiyuan (A.D. 1277), he set up a propaganda department in Quanzhou, and also led the Marshal House in Zhengnan.
In the 14th year of Zhiyuan (A.D. 1277), Yuan Ting set up a city ship lifting department in Quanzhou.
In the 15th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1278), the whole territory of Fujian was incorporated into the Yuan territory. After the Yuan Dynasty unified China, the provincial system was implemented. The central government established China Book Province as the highest administrative body in China. Local governments set up provincial books (referred to as provinces or provinces), as local organs of political power, with prefectures, prefectures and counties. Quanzhou was promoted to the Governor's Office of Quanzhou Road, commanding seven counties of Nan 'an, Jinjiang, Tong 'an, Yongchun, Anxi, Dehua and Hui 'an, and two recording departments of South and North (commanding the people in the city); The following year, the two recording engineers from the North and the South merged into one.
In the fifteenth year of Zhiyuan (A.D. 1278), Hui 'an established the Salt Administration Department in Yucheng to manage the salt affairs in the county.
In May of the seventeenth year of Zhiyuan (A.D. 1280), Fujian Province was merged into Quanzhou Province. In July, he moved to Quanzhou to Longxing (now Nanchang).
Quanzhou Province was established before October in the 18th year of Zhiyuan (A.D. 128 1), and was incorporated into Fujian Province in March of the 20th year of Zhiyuan. /kloc-in October, two school officials in Quanzhou were promoted to Mongolia.
In the 19th year of the Yuan Dynasty (A.D. 1282), the court of the Yuan Dynasty ordered all states, prefectures and counties to set up Confucian professors, scholars and lecturers. Quanzhou Road General Administration has 65,438 professors, 65,438 scholars and 65,438 lecturers. The county school has 1 teacher and 2 tutors.
In February of the 21st year of Zhiyuan (AD 1284), Quanzhou was established again. In September of the 21st year of Zhiyuan, Quanzhou Province was merged into Jianghuai Province. In the 29th year of Zhiyuan, Fujian Province was rebuilt.
In the 21st year of Zhiyuan (AD 1284), Quanzhou Shipping Department was merged into Salt Transportation Department, and Fujian Salt Department Shipping Department was located in Quanzhou.
In December of the 23rd year of Zhiyuan (A.D. 1286), he was transferred to Quanzhou Maritime Lifting Division.
In April of the 26th year of Zhiyuan (A.D. 1289), Zhen Fu Division and Qianhaihang were established in Quanzhou.
In the 26th year of Zhiyuan (A.D. 1289), Yin and Yang Studies was established in Quanzhou Road. Take Confucian doctors as an example. There are 1 professors and 1 scholars in Taoism and 1 learners in the county, who teach astronomy, calendar calculation, Zhouyi and mathematics.
Around 27 years of the Yuan Dynasty, Penghu set up a patrol inspection department, which governed Penghu, Taiwan Province Province and other islands, belonging to Tongan County, Quanzhou Road. At that time, the residents of Penghu Islands 1600 people, and the trade reached the age of ten ships, so it was called "Quanzhou Foreign Service".
In the first year of Dade (A.D. 1297), in order to seek the land of Ryukyu (now Taiwan Province Province), Fujian Province was changed to Pinghai Province, Fujian Province, and then moved to Quanzhou to govern the states. In February of Dade's third year, he set up Marshal House in Xuanwei, Fujian, and moved to Fuzhou.
In the second year of Dade (A.D. 1298), the general manager house of Quanzhou Road was changed to Quanning House.
In the third year of Dade (AD 1299), it was rebuilt as Quanzhou Road, which belongs to Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces.
In the second year of Qing Dynasty (13 13), Xinghua County moved from Youyang to Tingxi (now Putian New County). Folk call the former an old county (now Xianyou Guyi) and the latter a new county.
In the seventh year of Yanchou (A.D. 1320), Quanzhou established the Salt Transportation Department, which was directly under the household department, responsible for handling the salt goods in the market and approving the quotations of salt merchants.
During the Zhi Zhi period (132 1 ~ 1323), there were eight roads in Fujian, all of which were under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Xinghua Road leads to Putian, Xianyou and Xinghua counties.
In the 16th year of Zheng Zheng (1356), Fujian Road was abolished and Fujian Province was established, which was the beginning of Fujian's establishment.
In the 16th year of Chengtian Temple in Quanzhou (1356), Fujian Book Province was re-established and placed under Quanzhou Road.
In the eighteenth year of Zheng Zheng (1358), the whole state was divided into provinces.
In the 27th year of Zheng Zhi (A.D. 1367), in December, the King of Wu Zhu Yuanzhang ordered Tang He, a left imperial doctor, and Liao Yongzhong, a Chinese book, to lead 20,000 sailors to set sail from Mingzhou (now Ningbo, Zhejiang) and conquer Fuzhou. Tang He sent Yuan to demote the official, and the former Fujian people participated in politics, and appealed to Xinghua, Zhangzhou and Daodao.
bright
In the first year of Hongwu (1368), Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor with the title of "Ming". In February, Quanzhou Road descended. Quanzhou has a health command department, which leads 5,000 households in the left, right, middle, front and back, and is transferred to Fujian command department. This is the first batch of coastal defense troops stationed in Quanzhou in the Ming Dynasty.
In the second year of Hongwu (AD 1369), the Eighth Route in Fujian Province was successively changed to Fuzhou, Jianning, Yanping, Shaowu, Xinghua, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou and Tingzhou. Quanzhou Road was changed to Quanzhou Prefecture, which was assigned to Fujian Province. Stop the clerk. Quanzhou is still ahead of Jinjiang, Nan 'an, Tongan, Hui 'an, Anxi, Yongchun and Dehua counties.
In the third year of Hongwu (1370), Fujian Shipping Administration was established in Quanzhou in the Ming Dynasty to manage the trade with Ryukyu (now Taiwan Province Province).