Xingyang City is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Zhengzhou, the capital of Henan Province. Xingyang has a long history and rich culture. The name of Xingyang comes from "Xing Bo Jizhu" in "Shang Shu Yu Gong", that is, Xia Yu controlled the water and introduced Jishui from Wen County into the Yellow River, and overflowed to the south into Xing, and gathered into a lake, which is called Yingze. During the Warring States Period, South Korea built a city on the north bank of the Xingshui River, named Xingyang. Xingyang xing has two tones, and yang has two tones. According to the glyph, Xing should be a name for water. Xingyang means this place is to the north of Xingshui; Xingyang is located in the hinterland of the Central Plains. Since the Qin Dynasty established the county in 202 BC, Xingyang has a history of more than 2,200 years. .
The ancient cultural sites include the unique Paleolithic site in the Central Plains - the Looming Machine Cave Ancient Human Cave Site, and one of the earliest Yangshao Cultural Sites discovered in China - the Qinwangzhai Cultural Site and the Capital City of the State of Zheng Sites, etc.; ancient battlefield sites include the gap between the Chu and Han Dynasties that divided the world, and the Hulao Pass where Liu, Guan, and Zhang Sanying fought against Lu Bu, etc. Xingyang is home to outstanding people and places. Leizu, the wife of Emperor Xuanyuan, the founder of Chinese humanities, Shen Buhai, a Legalist figure during the Warring States Period, Zheng Qian, a literati who excelled in poetry, calligraphy and painting in the Tang Dynasty, and Li Shangyin, the most outstanding poet of the late Tang Dynasty, were all born in Xingyang. Xingyang is the ancestral home of the Zheng family recognized at home and abroad. There is a saying that "the Zheng family in the world comes from Xingyang, and the Zheng family in Xingyang spreads all over the world." Xingyang has beautiful scenery. The Huancui Valley, a provincial-level scenic spot, has "ao'dongs, strange rocks, secluded valleys and dangerous peaks". It is known as "Guilin's landscape is the best in the world, and Huancui's scenery is the best in Zhongzhou". There are other Buddhist temples as famous as Shaolin Temple. Donglin Temple, Feilongding, a Taoist temple as famous as Wudang Mountain, etc.
Liu Bang, the great ancestor of the Western Han Dynasty
Liu Bang, the great ancestor of the Western Han Dynasty, was born in the fifty-ninth year of King Nan of Zhou (256 BC) and died in the twelfth year of Emperor Gaozu (195 BC). A native of Fengyi, Peijun County (now Fengxian County, Jiangsu Province), his courtesy name is Ji, and some say his nickname is Liu Ji. He is the third among four brothers. During the Peasant War at the end of the Qin Dynasty, Xiang Yu made him the king of Han. Therefore, when he defeated Xiang Yu and established the country, the country was named "Han". Because the capital was Chang'an, in order to distinguish it from the "Han" where Liu Xiu later established his capital in Luoyang, it was historically called "Han". Western Han Dynasty".
1. A young "rascal" becomes a hero
He does not like reading or working
Liu Bang has a bold personality and does not like reading very much, but he is very tolerant to others. . He also didn't like working in the fields, so he was often scolded by his father as a "rogue", saying that he was not as good at business as his brother, but Liu Bang still went his own way. When Liu Bang grew up, he passed the examination and became the pavilion chief of Surabaya. Over time, he became familiar with the officials in the county and became well-known in the local area.
Liu Bang had a big heart. On the way to send the serving people to Xianyang, he encountered Qin Shihuang's troops on patrol. Looking from a distance, Qin Shihuang was sitting in a beautifully decorated car with majesty and envy. He blurted out: "A real man should be like this!"
Married to Lu
Liu Bang's wife was Lu Gong's daughter, Lu Gong did not live in Pei County. , and later became enemies with people in his hometown, so he came to Peixian County with his family, because the then magistrate of Peixian County was a good friend of him. When he first arrived in Peixian County, many people heard about his relationship with the county magistrate, so people came to visit him and engage in flirting and flirting. Liu Bang heard about it and went to join in the fun. The person who hosted the guests at that time was Xiao He, who was the county registrar in Pei County. He announced a rule: Anyone whose gift money is less than one thousand yuan will sit down in the hall. Liu Bang didn't care about this at all. Although he didn't bring any money with him, he said to the person in charge of delivering the message: "I will give you 10,000 yuan!"
Lü Gong heard about it and hurried out to greet him personally. . As soon as he saw Liu Bang's majestic and unusual appearance, he liked it very much and invited him to take a seat at the table. This time Liu Bang not only had a free meal, but after he was full of wine and food, Lu Gong graciously kept him and offered to marry his daughter to him. Liu Bang was eager to get married, and after obtaining the consent of his parents, he married Lu. This was the famous Empress Lu in history. Emperor Hui of Han was her and Liu Bang's son, and their other child was Princess Lu Yuan.
Use of superstition
There are many superstitious legends about Liu Bang and other emperors in historical records. Once, Empress Lu and her daughter were weeding in the field, and an old man passing by asked them for some money. I got some water to drink, and after drinking the water, I said flatteringly that both of them looked like noble people. When the old man left and Liu Bang came back, Empress Lu told Liu Bang what the old man said just now. Liu Bang was very happy when he heard it. He quickly caught up with the old man and asked him to look at his face. The old man said that the reason why he said that his wife and daughter looked noble was because of him, and Liu Bang's appearance was beyond words. Liu Bang was very happy when he heard this. He thanked the old man and went back.
Later, Liu Bang was ordered to escort the prisoners to serve in Lishan Mountain, but many people had already escaped on the way. Liu Bang was helpless. When he walked to Daze in Fengyi County to rest, Liu Bang drank He drank some wine, then loosened the ropes on the prisoners and let them escape for their lives. But a dozen people were unwilling to leave him alone and expressed their willingness to follow him. Liu Bang led everyone to flee. The person who was responsible for clearing the road came back and told him that there was a big snake blocking the road ahead and it was impossible to pass. Liu Bang was a little drunk and reprimanded: "We brave men are walking on the road, there is nothing to be afraid of!" Separating the crowd, he went to the front and saw a snake lying in the middle of the road. He drew his sword and cut the snake in half.
After walking for a while, Liu Bang felt dizzy, so he lay down on the side of the road to rest and wait for the people behind him. After a while, the people behind him caught up and told him that he saw an old lady crying by the roadside and asked her why. She said someone had killed his son. Asked again why he was killed, she said that his son was the son of the White Emperor. He had just turned into a snake, but was killed by the Red Emperor's son on the roadside, so she was so sad. At that time, everyone thought that the old lady was lying, but the old lady suddenly disappeared. Liu Bang was secretly happy when he heard about it, and he would use this to improve his prestige and status in the future.
After that, Liu Bang led his people to flee everywhere, but Empress Lu could find him every time. Liu Bang was very surprised and asked his wife why. Empress Lu said that there were often colorful clouds hanging around where he was hiding, so it was easy to find him. . Liu Bang later asked his subordinates to spread this rumor widely, and many people believed it and wanted to join him. In fact, these rumors were basically deliberately fabricated by the emperor after he established the country, in order to prove that he was different and kingly.
Due to these legends, Liu Bang's local prestige gradually increased, and more and more people followed him. He was called the hero of Peizhong by the locals.
Pei Gong raised troops
In 209 BC, the peasant uprising broke out in the late Qin Dynasty. After Chen Sheng and Wu Guang led the rebel army to capture Chen (now Huaiyang, Henan), Chen Sheng established "Zhang Chu" "The regime was in open conflict with the Qin Dynasty. At this time, the county magistrate of Peixian County also wanted to respond and continue to control the power of Peixian County. Xiao He and Cao Shen were the main officials under the county magistrate at that time. They persuaded the county magistrate to call back the exiled people in the county, so as to increase the number of people in exile. Strength can also prevent future troubles. The county magistrate thought it was reasonable, so he asked Liu Bang's brother-in-law Fan Kuai to find Liu Bang, and Liu Bang led his people back. The county magistrate here regretted it again, fearing that it would be difficult to control Liu Bang when he came back, and that he might be killed by Liu Bang, which was tantamount to luring a wolf into the house. Therefore, he ordered the city gate to be closed and prepared to arrest Xiao He and Cao Shen. Xiao He and Cao Shen fled outside the city after hearing the news. Liu Bang shot the letter into the city, encouraging the people in the city to rise up and kill the renegade county magistrate, and everyone defended their hometown together. The people were very dissatisfied with the county magistrate who was usually not very considerate of them. After killing the magistrate, they opened the city gate to welcome Liu Bang and elected him as Pei Gong to lead everyone in the uprising. Liu Bang obeyed public opinion, set up an altar, claimed to be the son of the Red Emperor, and led the people to raise the banner of anti-Qin. This year is already September of the first year of Qin II, and Liu Bang is forty-eight years old.
2. Competition in the Central Plains and dominance
The demise of Qin
There was another powerful force in the peasant war at the end of Qin. This was the descendant of the original nobles of Chu. Xiang Yu and his uncle Xiang Liang raised an army in Wuzhong (now Wuxian County, Jiangsu), and their strength soon reached nearly 10,000. At the same time, the descendants of other nobles from the six countries who were destroyed by Qin also raised armies and joined the ranks of destroying Qin.
After Chen Sheng was killed by the coachman Zhuang Jia, Xiang Liang supported King Chu Huai's grandson Xin as King of Chu, and made the capital Xuyi (now Xuyi, Jiangsu). Later, he and the Qin army led by Zhang Han The army launched fierce battles and won the first few times. As a result, Xiang Liang became more arrogant and arrogant and could not listen to what others said. As a result, he was attacked by Zhang Han who had received reinforcements, and was defeated and killed. After Xiang Liang's death, Zhang Han felt that Chu would no longer pose a big threat, so he turned his main energy to Zhao. Zhao State was attacked and asked Chu State for help. After discussing with the generals, the King of Chu decided to divide his troops into two groups to reinforce Zhao State. One group was led by Song Yi and Xiang Yu to the north for direct rescue, while the other group was led by Liu Bang and headed west to Guanzhong to contain the Qin army and coordinate reinforcements from the north. The King of Chu and his generals made an agreement: Whoever enters Dingguan first will be the king of the world. But no one had much hope in becoming king, because the Qin army was still very powerful at that time, and the generals were unwilling to take the risk of marching westward to fight the Qin army. In order to avenge his uncle, Xiang Yu asked to go west to Guanzhong with Liu Bang, but everyone was unanimously opposed. Everyone felt that Xiang Yu was much crueler than Liu Bang, and he was young and inexperienced, while Liu Bang was an elder, generous, kind, and more prestigious. Therefore, it was finally decided to let Liu Bang lead the troops westward to Guanzhong.
In the beginning, Liu Bang did not go well, but after several battles, Liu Bang advanced westward step by step, and finally reached Bashang (now east of Xi'an) not far east of Xianyang. Prince Qin Seeing that the situation was over, Ying had no choice but to surrender the city and hand over the jade seal to Liu Bang. The Qin Dynasty was thus destroyed.
Based in Guanzhong
Liu Bang entered Xianyang City proudly and regarded himself as the "King of Guanzhong". Looking at the magnificent palace, Liu Bang became a little nostalgic and prepared to stay and enjoy it. His brother-in-law Fan Kuai advised him to pay attention to the fact that the world was not yet peaceful and not to forget Qin's mistakes. Liu Bang couldn't listen at all. It wasn't until Zhang Liang came to persuade him in person that he realized the seriousness of the problem. Therefore, Liu Bang retreated his army to Bashang.
After Liu Bang arrived in Bashang, he summoned local celebrities and made a three-part agreement with them: those who kill will die, and those who hurt others and steal will be punished. The harsh legal systems of other Qin dynasties were all abolished, which gave him popular support.
After Xiang Yu defeated Zhang Han and forced him to surrender, he also led his troops straight to Guanzhong to compete for the qualification to be the king of the world. When they arrived at Hangu Pass, they saw that Liu Bang had not only pacified Guanzhong, but also sent troops to guard Hangu Pass. He was furious and immediately ordered Yingbu to lead the troops to capture Hangu Pass. Then he led 400,000 troops straight to Xianyang and stationed them there. Xixia (now the west bank of the play water in the northeast of Lintong, Shaanxi Province).
Liu Bang's subordinate Cao Wushang was very dissatisfied with Liu Bang. In order to get a bigger official position, he secretly sent someone to instigate Xiang Yu: "Pei Gong Liu Bang wants to be king in Guanzhong, and then let Ziying be the prime minister, and he will take all the property of Qin." Put it into his own pocket." Xiang Yu couldn't help but get furious after hearing this, and Fan Zeng also advised him to take the opportunity to get rid of Liu Bang's opponent. Xiang Yu ordered preparations to attack the next day. At this time, Liu Bang was unable to compete with the powerful Xiang Yu in terms of military strength. He only had an army of 100,000, and it was impossible to defeat Xiang Yu's 400,000 elite soldiers. In the end, Xiang Yu's uncle Xiang Bo "saved" Liu Bang: Xiang Bo was very close to Liu Bang's adviser Zhang Liang. Seeing that Xiang Yu was about to attack, he sneaked into the camp overnight to find Zhang Liang and asked him to leave quickly to avoid being killed. Zhang Liang said he could not leave Liu Bang behind, so he revealed the news to Liu Bang. In panic, Liu Bang hurriedly asked Zhang Liang for a strategy. Zhang Liang asked Liu Bang to go to Xiang Bo quickly to explain that he had no ambition to compete with Xiang Yu for the throne.
So Liu Bang held a banquet in honor of Xiang Bo and agreed with him to become his in-laws. He said to Xiang Bo: "Since I entered the pass, I have not dared to possess any property. I have registered the officials and people, and sealed the treasury, just waiting for the general to come. The reason why I sent troops to guard Hangu Pass is not To prevent you, general, from entering the pass, we can better guard the Guanzhong area and prevent bandits from invading. My soldiers and I hope that you, general, will come as soon as possible. How can you be rebellious? Please explain it to General Xiang Yu when you return. Let's clear up the misunderstanding." Xiang Bo agreed, and then said to Liu Bang: "General, you must go to our camp to explain the situation to Xiang Yu in person and apologize in person to get Xiang Yu's forgiveness." Liu Bang agreed.
Xiang Bo returned to the military camp that night. He said to Xiang Yu: "Because Pei Gong entered Guanzhong first and removed the obstacles for us to enter the pass, we can successfully pass Hangu Pass. Pei Gong has the advantage." We should not doubt those who have made great contributions, but should treat them sincerely." After hearing this, Xiang Yu decided not to attack Liu Bang.
The next day, Liu Bang came to Xiang Yu's military camp as promised, bringing only Fan Kuai, Zhang Liang and a hundred elite soldiers. When he arrived at the Hongmen of Xiang Yu's tent, he apologized to Xiang Yu who greeted him in person. Xiang Yu invited Liu Bang inside for a banquet. During the banquet, both parties came and went, and Xiang Yu kept murderous intentions overtly and covertly. Xiang Zhuang took advantage of the sword dance during the banquet to assassinate Liu Bang, but failed. This is the origin of the idiom "Xiangzhuang dances with sword, aiming at Peigong". Later, Liu Bang left for an excuse and returned to the camp.
After the Hongmen Banquet, Xiang Yu led his troops westward and massacred Xianyang City. Prince Ying of Qin was also killed, and Qin's palace Afang Palace was set on fire by Xiang Yu. After burning Epang Palace, Xiang Yu made various generals kings and made nineteen princes and kings. Liu Bang was named the King of Han, and his territory was Ba, Shu and the 41 counties of Hanzhong County. The capital of the country was Nanzheng (now Nanzheng, Shaanxi Province). Xiang Yu himself was the overlord of Western Chu and held the supreme command of the army. The king of Chu was revered as the Righteous Emperor.
After the enfeoffment, Xiang Yu asked everyone to go to their respective vassal states to take up their posts, and Liu Bang had no choice but to go to Nanzheng. Xiang Yu only gave Liu Bang 30,000 troops. Later, some people followed him to Nanzheng, but the total number of troops was less than 100,000. Liu Bang could not compete with Xiang Yu for the time being and could only wait for the opportunity. In order to eliminate Xiang Yu's suspicion of him and to prevent other princes from attacking from Hanzhong, Zhang Liang suggested that Liu Bang burn down the plank road leading to Hanzhong.
Chu-Han War
Initially, Liu Bang had no intention of marching eastward to compete with Xiang Yu, but after he arrived in Nanzheng, the changes in the situation prompted him to make up his mind to march eastward and compete with Xiang Yu. Fight for the world. One reason is that the soldiers were dissatisfied with the soil and water of Nanzheng. They missed their hometown day and night, and their morale was low. Second, Tian Rong, who was entrusted by Xiang Yu in Qi State, suspected that Xiang Yu's enfeoffment was unfair and rebelled. This created an excellent opportunity for Liu Bang to invade. It happened that Liu Bang got the general Han Xin at this time. Xiao He said to Liu Bang that if he wanted to dominate the world, he must reuse Han Xin. After Han Xin was named a general, he proposed to immediately send troops to march eastward: "Our soldiers are all from Shandong (referring to the area east of Hangu Pass), and now we can take advantage of their strong desire to return home to boost morale and march eastward. After that, we will definitely make great achievements. Without further delay, we should attack immediately."
In 206 BC, in May of the first year of the Han Dynasty, Liu Bang asked Xiao He to be the prime minister in charge of the Bashu area in the rear. Han Xin led his troops to sneak across from Chencang (now east of Baoji, Shaanxi Province) and quickly occupied all of Guanzhong. At this point, the famous Chu-Han War officially broke out.
The Chu-Han War was divided into two stages. In the first stage, Liu Bang was at a disadvantage and was defeated by Xiang Yu many times. Later, Liu Bang alienated Xiang Yu and Fan Zeng, gradually gained the upper hand, and finally defeated Xiang Yu completely.
After Liu Bang advanced eastward, he took advantage of Xiang Yu's battle with Qi and Zhao to capture Henan and attack Luoyang. Then he marched eastward and captured Pengcheng. Originally, Xiang Yu planned to defeat Liu Bang after pacifying Qi and Zhao. Now that Liu Bang had captured Pengcheng, he led 30,000 elite soldiers on a rapid march back. Taking advantage of Liu Bang's banquet to celebrate his victory, he launched an attack in the early morning and defeated the Han in one day. The Han army was defeated. When the Han army retreated, Xiang Yu chased and killed hundreds of thousands of people. When they reached the Suishui River east of Lingbi (now northwest of Suxian County, Anhui Province), they were overtaken by Xiang Yu again, and he lost another hundreds of thousands of troops. The Suishui River was also blocked by corpses. Only Liu Bang and dozens of cavalry struggled to escape, but his father and wife Empress Lu were captured by Xiang Yu. When the other princes and kings who originally followed Liu Bang saw Liu Bang's defeat, they abandoned him one after another.
After Liu Bang retreated to Xingyang, he received reinforcements sent by Xiao He from Guanzhong, and Han Xin also gathered the scattered troops to join him. The Han army regrouped and defeated Xiang Yu's army south of Xingyang. The two armies began to confront each other in the Xingyang area. Later, Liu Bang rebelled against Xiang Yu's general Ying Bu, divided Xiang Yu, and also weakened Xiang Yu's troops because he had to divide his forces to suppress them. But Xiang Yu was not an ordinary person after all. He sent troops to invade the grain transportation channels of the Han army, and eventually besieged the Han army in Xingyang. Liu Bang had no choice but to ask Xiang Yu for peace, proposing to use Xingyang as the dividing line and the west of Xingyang as the Han Dynasty. Xiang Yu wanted to agree to Liu Bang, but Fan Zeng disagreed, saying that now was a good time to destroy the Han army. If he missed this opportunity and let the tiger return to the mountains, he would be in trouble. The consequences are endless. Xiang Yu then began to attack Xingyang again. Liu Bang saw that Fan Zeng was obstructing him, so he adopted Chen Ping's alienation strategy: when Xiang Yu sent an envoy to persuade Liu Bang to surrender, Liu Bang had people show hospitality first and send exquisite food. When he met the envoy, he deliberately They were surprised and said: "We heard that it was Yafu (referring to Fan Zeng)'s envoy who came. It turned out to be King Xiang's envoy." Then he took the exquisite food and exchanged it for bad food. As a result, the envoy was very angry and told Xiang Yu when he returned. Xiang Yu didn't know that there was a fraud, so he was easily fooled. From then on, he no longer listened to Fan Zeng's opinions. He suspected that he had betrayed him and was dating Liu Bang in private.
Fan Zeng learned the inside story and became furious. He said to Xiang Yu: "Now the situation in the world has been decided. Please take care of yourself, my king. I'd better go home and be a commoner!" Fan Zeng left angrily. Xiang Yu failed to reach Pengcheng and died of sores on his back on the way. Xiang Yu was headstrong and had no resourcefulness, which was the main reason for his final failure.
After Fan Zeng left, Xiang Yu stepped up his attack on Xingyang, and Liu Bang also managed to break out of Xingyang. General Ji Xin volunteered and pretended to surrender to Xiang Yu on Liu Bang's behalf, allowing Liu Bang to take the opportunity to escape. Ji Xin rode Liu Bang's car out of the east gate and pretended to surrender, while Liu Bang left the city from the west gate to break out. Ji Xin indeed attracted most of Xiang Yu's troops, but Xiang Yu failed to capture Liu Bang and burned Ji Xin to death in anger.
After taking Xingyang, Xiang Yu occupied Chenggao (now Sishui Town, Xingyang, Henan). Liu Bang later concentrated his forces to take Chenggao back and then besieged Xingyang. Xiang Yu returned to rescue, and he and Liu Bang were locked in a stalemate in the Guangwu Mountain area in the northeast of Xingyang. The confrontation lasted for several months. Xiang Yu is eager to fight Liu Bang decisively, because a protracted war is not good for him: Liu Bang's food supply is smooth, but his food supply is often attacked by Peng Yue. In order to end the battle as soon as possible and force Liu Bang to surrender, Xiang Yu took Liu Bang's father, who had been captured, to the front of the two armies. He said to Liu Bang: "If you don't surrender, I will cook your father!"
Liu Bang knew that Xiang Yu was threatening him, so he simply acted like a rogue: "You and I were once 'brothers,' so my father is your father. If you must cook my father, then Please do it. But don't forget to leave a bowl of broth for me." Xiang Yu was so angry that he ordered Liu Bang's father to be killed on the spot. Xiang Bo next to him quickly advised: "General, it's hard to say who can win the world now. Besides, those who want to win the world don't care about the life and death of their families. Killing his relatives will not have any effect. On the contrary, it will increase the number of enemies on both sides." Hatred." After hearing this, Xiang Yu had no choice but to order people to take Liu Bang's father back.
Chen Qingzhi (484-539), courtesy name Ziyun, was a native of Guoshan, Yixing (now southwest of Yixing, Jiangsu). He was an outstanding military strategist in the Liang Dynasty during the Southern and Northern Dynasties.
Chen Qingzhi has been Xiao Yan's follower since childhood. Go was all the rage at that time, and Xiao Yan played all night long. The rest of the entourage had rested, but Chen Qingzhi stayed awake and arrived at the last moment, so Xiao Yan personally appreciated him.
In the last years of the Southern Qi Dynasty, Xiao Baojuan, the Marquis of Donghun, was ruthless in his administration, leading to the rebellion of Chen Xianda, Pei Shuye, Cui Huijing and other famous generals. In November of the second year of Yongyuan of the Southern Qi Dynasty (500), Xiao Yan (then the governor of Yongzhou) also raised troops to rebel against the Qi Dynasty. Chen Qingzhi followed Xiao Yan to conquer Jiankang. In the first year of Tianjian (502), Xiao Yan proclaimed himself emperor on behalf of Qi. His country was named Liang and he was Emperor Wu of Liang. Chen Qingzhi was appointed as the chief secretary. During his tenure, he dispersed wealth and gathered people, always thinking of utility.
In the first month of the sixth year of ordinary times (525), Yuan Faseng, the governor of Xuzhou in the Northern Wei Dynasty, failed to rebel. He surrendered to Liang in Pengcheng and asked Emperor Wu of Liang to send troops to respond. Emperor Wu of Liang appointed Chen Qingzhi as his mighty general, and together with Hu Longya and Cheng Jingjun led the Liang army to respond. After returning to the army, Chen Qingzhi served as General Xuanmeng and Coach Wende, and led 2,000 people to send Xiao Zong, the king of Yuzhang, into the town of Xuzhou. In May, Wei sent Wang Yuanyanming of Anfeng and Yuanyu of Linhuai with 20,000 troops to resist and garrison Zhi. Yuan Yanming sent his general Qiu Daqian to build a fortress in advance to cut off the Liang army's advance route. Chen Qingzhi advanced to attack the base, but the Wei army collapsed with a single drumbeat. In June, Xiao Zong took advantage of the night to abandon the Liang army and surrender to Wei. After daybreak, Liang Jun looked for Xiao Zong and disappeared, but saw Wei Jun outside the city saying, "King Ruyu Zhang came last night. What are you doing in our army?" ("Zizhi Tongjian·Volume 150" 》)! Liang Jun then collapsed. The Wei army entered Pengcheng, took advantage of the victory to pursue the Liang soldiers, recaptured the cities, and returned to Suyu. Liang Jun lost seventy-eight percent, and only Chen Qingzhi defeated Guan and retreated at night, and all his troops were able to return.
In the seventh year of ordinary times (526), ??Anxi general Yuanshu went to Shouchun, and Chen Qingzhi took the holiday and became the general military commander. Li Xian, the governor of Yuzhou in Wei, sent his son Li Changjun to build two cities to resist the attack. Chen Qingzhi captured the two cities. In November, Li Xianli surrendered, and Chen Qingzhi entered and occupied the city. In this battle, Liang Jun captured 52 cities and captured 75,000 men.
Chen Qingzhi transferred it to the direct pavilion of the East Palace and was given the title of Marquis of Guanzhong.
In October of the first year of Datong (527), Chen Qingzhi and the leading general Cao Zhongzong jointly attacked Woyang (now Mengcheng, Anhui) in the Northern Wei Dynasty. At the same time, Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty Xiao Yan ordered Wei Fang, the prefect of Xunyang, to lead his troops to join forces with Cao Zhongzong and others. At that time, the camp of Wei Fang's army was not yet established. Fei Mu, a regular servant of the Northern Wei Dynasty's scattered cavalry, suddenly arrived with his army. Wei Fang only had 200 men, but the soldiers fought desperately, one against ten, and finally drove back Fei Mu's army. Emperor Xiaoming of Wei Yuanxu sent General Yuan Zhao to lead an army of 50,000 (some say 150,000) to reinforce Guoyang. The vanguard arrived at Tuojian (now northwest of Mengcheng, Anhui) 40 miles away from the city. Chen Qingzhi wanted to go to fight, but Wei Fang believed: "The thieves must have a light and sharp vanguard, and if they are defeated in battle, it will not be a success. If they are disadvantageous, they will depress our military strength. The art of war is to wait for the work with ease, so it is better not to attack." Chen Qingzhi said: "The Wei people are far away. Come, you are all tired. Since I am far away, there will be no doubts. If you are not gathered, you will have to dampen your energy and catch them unawares. There will be no way to defeat them. Moreover, I heard that the woods in the camp where the captives are stationed are very dense, so they will not go out at night. If you are in doubt, Qingzhi please take it alone" ("Liangshu Biography of Chen Qingzhi"). So Chen Qingzhi led 200 Qingqi under his command to attack Yuan Zhao's army and defeated their front army, which shocked the Wei army. Chen Qingzhi took advantage of the victory and marched into camp with other armies, facing off against the Wei army with Woyang at his back.
The two armies fought hundreds of times from spring to winter, and the soldiers were exhausted. At this time, news came that the Wei army had built a camp behind Liang Jun's position, and Liang Jun's military morale was shaken. Cao Zhongzong and others were afraid of being attacked from both sides and wanted to withdraw their troops. After Chen Qingzhi heard about it, he stood up at the military gate and made an impassioned speech: "The army has been here for one year, and it has wasted a lot of food. The troops have no fighting spirit and are all trying to retreat. How can it be so?" If you want to make a name for yourself, I have gathered together to fight against the enemy. I heard that if you put your troops to death, you can survive, and you must join forces with them, and then fight with them. There is a special edict to celebrate, and those who commit crimes today will follow the imperial edict. "("Liang Shu·Chen Qingzhi's Biography"). Cao Zhongzong strengthened his plan and followed it.
At that time, the Wei army used the corner to build thirteen cities in order to control the Liang army. Under the cover of darkness, Chen Qingzhi dispatched cavalry to attack the Wei army and captured four camps. Wang Wei, the leader of Guoyang garrison, heard the news and surrendered the city to Liang. The remaining nine cities are still heavily armed. Wei Fang selected more than 30 people from the surrendered Wei army and released them, asking them to go back and report the news of the fall of Guoyang to various camps of the Wei army. At the same time, Chen Qingzhi led his army and followed the released Wei soldiers, beating drums and shouting to attack. Under Liang Jun's fierce offensive, the remaining nine castles of Wei Jun were also defeated one after another. The Liang army took advantage of the situation to pursue the Wei army, and defeated the Wei army, capturing and beheading many of them. The vortex river was cut off, and more than 30,000 people surrendered to the city. In the Battle of Guoyang, the entire Wei army was wiped out. From then on, the Northern Wei Dynasty gradually declined. Emperor Wu of Liang issued an edict to establish West Xuzhou on the land of Guoyang. Liang Jun took advantage of the victory and advanced to Chengfu. Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty greatly appreciated Chen Qingzhi and wrote an edict to commend him. The letter said: "I am not a general, nor a wealthy family. I am looking at the wind and clouds, so I am like this. You can think deeply about your strategy and be good at restraining your orders. Open the Zhumen and Waiting for guests and spreading your reputation on bamboo and silk, isn’t it a real man?" ("Book of Liang·Chen Qingzhi's Biography")!
In the late Northern Wei Dynasty, political corruption, ethnic conflicts and class conflicts intensified. In the second year of Datong, civil strife broke out in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Er Zhurong, who suppressed the rebellion, massacred the Northern Wei royal family. Wang Yuanhao of Wei Beihai surrendered to the Liang Dynasty on the grounds of the chaos in the dynasty and asked the Liang Dynasty to send troops to help him proclaim himself emperor. For strategic reasons, Emperor Wu of Liang appointed Yuan Hao as the king of Wei, and Chen Qingzhi as the general of Jiajie and Biaoyong. He led 7,000 troops to escort Yuan Hao back to the north.
In April of the first year of Zhongdatong (529), Chen Qingzhi led his troops to take advantage of the Northern Wei Dynasty to conquer the Xinggao uprising army. . Wei general Qiu Daqian led 70,000 troops to build nine cities to resist the Liang army. Chen Qingzhi led his army to attack and captured three cities in one day, forcing Qiu Daqian to surrender. Yuan Hao then proclaimed himself emperor in the south of Suiyang (now south of Shangqiu, Henan). Awarded to Chen Qingzhi as envoy Chijie, general Zhenbei, guard of the army, and commander-in-chief of the former army. At that time, Wang Yuanhuiye of Wei Jiyin led 20,000 Yulin troops to come to the rescue and entered Tun Kao City (now northeast of Minquan, Henan). Kao City is surrounded by water and is heavily guarded. Chen Qing ordered his men to build forts on the water, capture the city, and annihilate 20,000 people, capturing Yuan Huiye and renting 7,800 cars.
Liang Jun headed straight towards Luoyang. Wherever he passed, Wei Jun looked at the wind and descended. In May, Wei Emperor Yuan Ziyou assigned his troops to guard Xingyang (now part of Henan), Hulao (now Sishui Town northwest of Xingyang) and other places to protect Luoyang, the capital. After Yuan Hao captured Liang State, he named Chen Qingzhi as General of Wei, Governor of Xuzhou, and Duke of Wu, and ordered him to continue to supervise the army westward to attack Xingyang. Wei Zuopu shot Yang Yu, Xi'a Wang Yuanqing, Fujun General Yuan Xianggong and others led 70,000 Yulin troops to guard Xingyang to occupy Liang Jun. The Wei army was very sharp, and the city of Xingyang was strong, so Chen Qingzhi could not defeat it. At that time, Wei general Shangdang Wang Yuantianmu's army was approaching, and he sent his hussar general Erzhu Tumuer to lead 5,000 Hu cavalry, and cavalry general Lu An to lead 9,000 Xiazhou cavalry to reinforce Yang Yu. He also sent his right servant Zhu Shilong, Sheer, and the governor of West Jingzhou, Wang Yan, with 10,000 cavalry, to march into Hulao. The Wei army, totaling 300,000 men, surrounded Liang Jun. Yuan Hao sent someone to persuade Yang Yu to surrender, but he was rejected. Soon, Yuan Tianmu and Erzhu Tumeier arrived one after another, and the Wei army faced each other for a while.
At that time, the city of Xingyang was not conquered, and the Liang army officers and soldiers were all frightened. Chen Qingzhi untied his saddles and horses, and said to the soldiers: "Since I arrived here, I have massacred the city and captured a lot of territory. You have killed your father and brother, and you have captured a lot of territory." The people of Tianmu are also enemies. We only have 7,000 people, but there are more than 300,000 captives. I can't survive with my captives and cavalry in the plains. Before the battle is over, the city forts must be leveled, so that all the kings will have no false suspicions and slaughter their own bodies." ("Book of Liang: Biography of Chen Qingzhi"). He personally beat the drums to attack the city. With just one drum, Liang's army all boarded the city.
Warriors Song Jingxiu and Yu Tianmin first scaled the city wall, and Liang Jun entered one after another, conquering Rongyang and capturing Yang Yu. Soon, Yuan Tianmu and others led troops to besiege the city. Chen Qingzhi led 3,000 elite cavalry to fight against the city. They defeated it. Lu An surrendered in front of the formation, and Yuan Tianmu and Erzhu Tumeier were spared. Chen Qingzhi confiscated Xingyang's reserves, and even cattle, horses, grains and silk were at a loss. Chen Qingzhi immediately attacked Hulao, but Er Zhu Shilong did not dare to fight and abandoned the city and fled. Liang Jun captured Wei Dong Zhonglang General Xin Zuan.
In order to avoid Chen Qingzhi's attack, Wei Xiaozhuang Emperor Yuan Ziyou was forced to retreat to Changzi (now Shanxi Changzixi). Yuan Hao then entered Luoyang, and Wei Linhuai Wang Yuanyu and Anfeng Wang Yuan Yanming led hundreds of officials to welcome Yuan Hao into the palace. Yuan Hao changed the Yuan Dynasty to the Amnesty, and Chen Qingzhi was appointed as the servant, the general of chariots and cavalry, and the doctor Zuo Guanglu, and ten thousand households were added to the city. Soon, Shangdang Wang Yuantianmu, Wang Laosheng and Li Shuren led 40,000 troops to capture Daliang, and sent Wang Laosheng and Fei Mu to occupy Hulao, while Diao Xuan and Diao Shuang entered Liang and Song Dynasty. After Chen Qingzhi heard about it, he led his troops to cover up the attack, and all the Wei troops surrendered. Yuan Tianmu led more than ten cavalry to cross the Yellow River north and fled. Fei Mu attacked Hulao and was defeated. Suddenly he heard that Yuan Tianmu was fleeing north. He thought he had no successors, so he surrendered to Chen Qingzhi. Chen Qingzhi attacked Daliang and Liang Guo again, but defeated them all. After hearing the news, Emperor Wu of Liang once again wrote an imperial edict to commend him. Chen Qingzhi and his subordinates all wore white robes and were invincible along the way, so the nursery rhyme in Luoyang City said: "Famous teachers and generals should not keep themselves in prison, and thousands of soldiers and horses should avoid white robes" ("Liang Shu Biography of Chen Qingzhi"). Chen Qingzhi led another 7,000 troops from Qi County to Luoyang, fought 47 times, and attacked 32 cities. He defeated them all and made no progress.