I. Sources
Chai Lu by Wang Wei in Tang Dynasty
Second, the original text
No one can be seen in the silent valley, only the voice is heard.
The sun shines on me from the green moss.
Third, the key points
1, Chai Lu: one of Wang Wei's Wangchuan villas. Firewood: a fence surrounded by trees, connecting "village" and "hill".
2. but: only.
3. Returning to the scenery: the same as "returning to the shadow", the sunlight reflected by the clouds when the sun is about to set.
4. answer: again.
Extended data
works appreciation
The first sentence, "There seems to be no one on the empty mountain", first describes the empty mountain positively. Wang Wei seems to like to use the word "empty mountain" especially, but in different poems, the realm it expresses is different. Because no one went to see it, this vacuum-free mountain seemed empty to the poet, just like the earth in ancient times. "Seeing no one" embodies the meaning of "empty mountain".
If you only look at the first sentence, you may feel normal, but it is unexpected that "there seems to be no one on the empty mountain" is followed by "but I think I heard a voice" The word "but smell" is quite interesting. Under normal circumstances, although the silent empty mountain "does not see people", it is not silent.
The chirping of birds, the chirping of insects, the rustling of the wind and the gurgling of water are intertwined, and the sounds of nature are actually very colorful. However, now all this is silent, only occasionally there is a sound, but there is no figure. This "human voice" seems to break the "silence" In fact, it is a partial and temporary "ring", which reflects the overall and long-term emptiness.
The more empty the valley, the more empty it is; The more people talk in an empty mountain, the lonelier they are. After the voice sounded, the empty mountain returned to the realm of silence; And because people's voices sounded just now, the sense of emptiness at this time is more prominent.
Describe the empty mountains from the above three or four sentences and then describe the deep mountains and forests, from sound to color. The depths of the forest are already dark, and the moss under the trees in the forest highlights the lack of sunshine in the depths of the forest. Although silence and darkness are related to hearing and vision respectively, they often belong to the same category in people's general impression, so silence and tranquility are often linked.
According to Nature, when writing about the darkness in the deep forest, we should focus on describing that it can't see the sun, but these two sentences are specially written into the deep forest and reflected on the moss. At first glance, you will feel that this oblique glow brings a ray of light to the dark forest, a little warmth to the moss in the forest, or a little business to the whole forest.
However, if you appreciate it carefully, you will feel that the author's subjective intention and the objective effect of the work are just the opposite. Blind darkness sometimes makes people unaware of its darkness, but when a touch of afterglow shines into the dark forest, mottled tree shadows are reflected on the moss under the tree, and the sharp contrast between that small piece of light and shadow and the boundless darkness makes the darkness in the forest more prominent.
In particular, this kind of "dead light" is not only weak, but also short-lived. After a touch of afterglow disappears in an instant, it is followed by a long darkness. If we say a word or two, there is a sound contrast between silence and silence; Then three or four sentences are about fighting darkness with light. The whole poem is like adding a little warm color to most cool pictures, which makes the impression of cool color more prominent.